IN INOCULANTS Nodulaid - 17th International Nitrogen Fixation ...

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17 th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation Fremantle, Western Australia 27 November – 1 December 2011 Session Details: Wednesday 30 November 2011 Concurrent Session 15 – Quantification of N-Fixation 1600 – 1740 Authors: Alejandro del Pozo 1 , Carlos Ovalle 2 & Soledad Espinoza 2 1 Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile. 2 CRI-Quilamapu, INIA, Chillán, Chile. Presentation Title: Nitrogen fixation of grain legumes in two contrasting mediterranean environments of Chile Presentation Time: 1640 – 1700 Grain legumes are important components of Mediterranean farming systems due to their capacity to fix nitrogen and to improve soil fertility, as well as to reduce weeds in legume-cereal rotations. In this work we evaluate the nitrogen fixation capacity of four grain legumes, Pisum sativum, Lupinus angustifolius, L. luteus and L. albus, in rotation with wheat, by using the 15 N natural abundance technique. Field experiments were conducted in two contrasting Mediterranean environments and in two years (2008 and 2009). In the interior dryland (granitic Alfisol; 650 mm of annual rainfall), total dry matter production was higher in P. sativum (average 10.5 ton ha -1 ) than in L. angustifolius and L. luteus (average 5.5 ton ha -1 ). The N derived from the atmosphere (%Ndfa) was significant (p
17 th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation Fremantle, Western Australia 27 November – 1 December 2011 Session Details: Wednesday 30 November 2011 Concurrent Session 15 – Quantification of N-Fixation 1600 – 1740 Authors: Salmina N. Mokgehle 1 , Cherian Mathews 2 and Felix D. Dakora 3 1 Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. 2 Department of Agriculture, Rural Development and Land Administration, Private Bag X11318, Nelspruit, 1200 3 Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. Presentation Title: Selecting field plants for drought tolerance and N2 fixation in 25 groundnut (Arachis hypogaea 13C and 15N natural abundance Presentation Time: 1700 – 1720 Groundnut is a major commercial grain legume in Africa, often cultivated for its seed oil and high protein content. Although ICRISAT has historically selected groundnut genotypes for grain yield and disease resistance in Africa, little is known about their N contribution and drought tolerance under local conditions. In this study, field trials were conducted at three sites (namely, Nelspruit, Mzinti and Kliplaatdrift) within Mpumalanga Province of South Africa in 2009. The data revealed significant differences in plant biomass, N concentration, and N content at all three sites. The δ 15 N values of groundnut genotypes ranged from -0.08‰ to +1.06‰ at Nelspruit, +0.41‰ to +0.95‰ at Mzinti, and +0.73‰ to +1.96‰ at Kliplaatdrift. About 24 out of the 25 groundnut genotypes obtained over 50% of their N nutrition from symbiotic fixation at Mzinti, while at Kliplaatdrift only five genotypes derived 50% or more of their N nutrition from symbiotic fixation. The amounts of N-fixed at Nelspruit ranged from 76 kg/ha for ICGV99033 and PC327K31 to 188 kg/ha for ICGV00362. At Mzinti, 10 genotypes contributed over 100 kg N /ha, while at Kliplaatdrift only 5 genotypes fixed more than 100 kg/ha. Data on ∂ 13 C values also revealed marked difference in drought tolerance. Genotypes ICGV03157 and ICGV00369, for example, showed much lower 13 C discrimination at all three sites, indicating greater water-use efficiency compared to the remaining genotypes. 95 2011
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IN INOCULANTS Nodulaid - 17th International Nitrogen Fixation ...

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