IN INOCULANTS Nodulaid - 17th International Nitrogen Fixation ...

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17 th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation Fremantle, Western Australia 27 November – 1 December 2011 Session Details: Tuesday 29 November 2011 Concurrent Session 6 – Field Applications II 1100 - 1230 Author: Kanjana Chansa-Ngavej Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Presentation Title: Selection and Field Trials of Soybean Rhizobium Biofertilizers with DNA Fingerprints and can be Kept at Room Temperature Presentation Time: 1120 - 1140 Soybean rhizobium biofertilizers are usually kept at low temperature or under refrigeration to prevent cell multiplication which leads to reduction in nodulation efficiency of soybean rhizobium strains. In 2009, the author applied for a Thai patent for the selection of soybean rhizobium strains with DNA fingerprints for the production of soybean rhizobium biofertilizers which can be kept at room temperature. Out of the 70 strains tested for growth at different temperatures in yeast extract mannitol (YM) broth at 200 rpm for 5 days, two strains, NA2 and NA82 were selected. 16S rDNA sequences revealed they were Bradyrhizobium elkanii strains with different DNA fingerprints and bromthymol blue reactions. NA2 was found to secrete acidic products while NA82 was found to secrete alkali products when grown on YM agar with Bromthymol blue at 25 o C for 10 days. After incubating the biofertilizers produced by using each of the selected strains at 10 10 -10 12 CFU/gram biofertilizer at 37 o C and at 40 o C for 4 weeks, the numbers of survival cells were 10 9 -10 10 CFU/ml and 10 4 -10 6 CFU/ml respectively. Field trials with soybean (Glycine max cv. Chiangmai 2) with each of the biofertilizers in 240 m 2 plots in three subdistricts in Phitsanulok province showed NA2 increased soybean yields by 18-42%. NA82 was found to increase soybean yield in Bung Kok subdistrict by 26%. Field trials with soybean (Glycine max cv. Chiangmai 60) with each of the biofertilizers in 240 m 2 plots in Sukhothai province showed the biofertilizers NA2 and NA82 could increase soybean yields 9-14%. PCR fingerprints of both NA2 and NA82 were detected in bacteria isolated from root nodules of soybeans in every experimental plot. DNA fingerprints of root nodule bacteria isolated from the control treatment subplots showed NA2 and NA82 were not indigenous rhizobia in the experimental plots. 46 2011
17 th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation Fremantle, Western Australia 27 November – 1 December 2011 Session Details: Tuesday 29 November 2011 Concurrent Session 6 – Field Applications II 1100 - 1230 Author: Nicole Seymour 1 , Maurice Conway 2 , Andrew Erbacher 2 , Darren Aisthorpe 3 and Max Quinlivan 2 1 Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, Leslie Research Centre, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland. 2 Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, Emerald, 4720, Queensland. 3 Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, Biloela, 4715, Queensland Presentation Title: Nitrogen fertiliser reduces nodulation of mungbean but gives no yield advantage in Central Queensland Presentation Time: 1140 - 1200 Mungbean or green gram (Vigna radiata) is a short-seasoned tropical pulse crop used as a high protein human food. Australian production varies from 30000 to 60000 tonnes per year, 95% of which is exported. Mungbean production has increased in Central Queensland (CQ) due to high prices, improved yields and its valuable role in weed management. Low nodulation and N-fixation by commercial mungbean crops in the northern grain-growing region of Australia (Busby and Lawn 1992) suggested that inoculated mungbean was N-limited and current inoculation technology may be ineffectual (Herridge et al. 2005). Five field trials were conducted in 2010-11 across CQ to determine whether an economic response could be gained by applying fertiliser. Several N, P and Zn fertiliser rates were tested separately and in combination. All mungbean seed (cv. Crystal) was inoculated with the bradyrhizobial strain CB1015, as peat slurry except for one treatment (uninoculated with no fertiliser). At one site, on a self-mulching brown Vertosol at Wowan, Queensland, the impact of fertiliser on nodulation was assessed. In three of the five trials there was a significant yield response to inoculation but no consistent yield response to fertiliser treatments. At Wowan, nodulation scores indicated there was a suppressive effect of urea fertiliser at 20 and 40 kg N/ha. There was no effect of any treatment on nodule dry weights. The results indicated that there was no economic advantage from added N fertiliser for inoculated mungbean cv. Crystal. Bushby HVA, Lawn RJ (1992) Nitrogen fixation in mungbeans – expectations and reality. In „Proceedings of the 6 th Australian Society of Agronomy conference‟. Pp 161-164. (Australian Society of Agronomy: Armidale) Herridge DF, Robertson MJ, Cocks B, Peoples MB, Holland JF and Heuke L (2005). Low nodulation and nitrogen fixation of mungbean reduce biomass and grain yields. Aust J Exp Agric. 45:269-277 47 2011
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IN INOCULANTS Nodulaid - 17th International Nitrogen Fixation ...

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