IN INOCULANTS Nodulaid - 17th International Nitrogen Fixation ...
IN INOCULANTS Nodulaid - 17th International Nitrogen Fixation ... IN INOCULANTS Nodulaid - 17th International Nitrogen Fixation ...
17 th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation Fremantle, Western Australia 27 November – 1 December 2011 Session Details: Monday 28 November 2011 Concurrent Session 3 – Taxonomy & Evolution 1530 - 1650 Authors: Nikolay Provorov & Nikolay Vorobyov All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelsky Sh., 3, Pushkin, 196608, St.-Petersburg, Russia Presentation Title: Mathematical simulation of evolutionary events in the N2-fixing plant-microbe symbioses Presentation Time: 1530 - 1550 A series of mathematical models is constructed for simulating the evolution of N2-fixing nodular symbioses towards their improved ecological efficiency (Provorov & Vorobyov 2010a 2010b). By comparing the contrast forms of legume-rhizobia symbioses formed by plants from different phylogenetic groups of the Fabaceae we for the first time differentiate the modes and estimate the pressures of individual and group natural selection which supports the transitions from: (i) mixed to clonal infections of hosts by rhizobia; (ii) extra-cellular maintenance of rhizobia (inside infection/fixation threads) to their intra-cellular maintenance inside symbiosomes; (iii) unspecialized (multi-bacterial) symbiosomes to the specialized (mono-bacterial) symbiosomes in which the rhizobia are transformed into non-reproducible bacteroids. We also quantified the impacts of genotypic specificity of partners‟ beneficial interaction on the symbiosis evolution: the host-specific microsymbionts obtain a more pronounced selective support and remain stably mutualistic during a prolonged macroevolutionary process while the non-host-specific microsymbionts may be transformed readily into the hosts‟ antagonists. Therefore, nodular symbioses provide us the unique models to study the population-genetic background for progressive evolution which is poorly investigated in the free-living unitary organisms. The developed simulation techniques may be used for assessing the evolutionary processes in agriculturally important symbioses induced by: (i) introductions of cultivated legumes into the novel cropping areas; (ii) release of the genetically modified rhizobia strains into sustainable agricultural systems. Supported by RFBR grant 09-04-00907a. Provorov NA & Vorobyov NI (2010a). Evolutionary Genetics of Plant-Microbe Symbioses. Ed I Tikhonovich NOVA Sci Publ NY 290 p. Provorov NA & Vorobyov NI (2010b). Simulation of evolution implemented in the mutualistic symbioses towards enhancing their ecological efficiency, functional integrity and genotypic specificity. Theor Popul Biol 78: 259-269. 30 2011
17 th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation Fremantle, Western Australia 27 November – 1 December 2011 Session Details: Monday 28 November 2011 Concurrent Session 3 – Taxonomy & Evolution 1530 - 1650 Authors: Rik op den Camp, Maryam Seifi Kalhor, Arend Streng, Qingqin Cao, Elena Federova, Elisa Polone, Ton Bisseling & René Geurts Wageningen University, The Netherlands Presentation Title: Parasponia to unravel genetic constraints underlying Rhizobium symbiosis Presentation Time: 1550 - 1610 Ever since the discovery of Parasponia as the first, and till now only, non-legume species able to establish the nitrogen-fixing nodule symbiosis with rhizobial bacteria it has been clear that these „bridging‟ species will provide insight in the evolution of root nodule symbiosis. The Parasponia-rhizobium symbiosis evolved independently from legumes, but like in legumes, the interaction is set in motion by rhizobium lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) named Nod factors. We provide several lines of evidence that the Parasponia-rhizobium symbiosis has occurred rather recent. Subsequently, the symbiosis can be considered as primitive. Parasponia lacks mechanisms to select effective nitrogen fixing rhizobial symbionts. Also it is unable to repress nodulation when grown under relatively high external nitrogen concentrations. We used Parasponia to identify genetic constrains underlying evolution of the rhizobium symbiosis and provide evidence that it has recruited essential elements from the endomycorrhizal symbiosis. 31 2011
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17 th <strong>International</strong> Congress on <strong>Nitrogen</strong> <strong>Fixation</strong><br />
Fremantle, Western Australia<br />
27 November – 1 December 2011<br />
Session Details: Monday 28 November 2011<br />
Concurrent Session 3 – Taxonomy & Evolution<br />
1530 - 1650<br />
Authors: Rik op den Camp, Maryam Seifi Kalhor, Arend Streng, Qingqin Cao, Elena Federova, Elisa<br />
Polone, Ton Bisseling & René Geurts<br />
Wageningen University, The Netherlands<br />
Presentation Title: Parasponia to unravel genetic constraints underlying Rhizobium symbiosis<br />
Presentation Time: 1550 - 1610<br />
Ever since the discovery of Parasponia as the first, and till now only, non-legume species able to establish the<br />
nitrogen-fixing nodule symbiosis with rhizobial bacteria it has been clear that these „bridging‟ species will provide<br />
insight in the evolution of root nodule symbiosis. The Parasponia-rhizobium symbiosis evolved independently<br />
from legumes, but like in legumes, the interaction is set in motion by rhizobium lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs)<br />
named Nod factors. We provide several lines of evidence that the Parasponia-rhizobium symbiosis has occurred<br />
rather recent. Subsequently, the symbiosis can be considered as primitive. Parasponia lacks mechanisms to<br />
select effective nitrogen fixing rhizobial symbionts. Also it is unable to repress nodulation when grown under<br />
relatively high external nitrogen concentrations. We used Parasponia to identify genetic constrains underlying<br />
evolution of the rhizobium symbiosis and provide evidence that it has recruited essential elements from the<br />
endomycorrhizal symbiosis.<br />
31<br />
2011
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