IN INOCULANTS Nodulaid - 17th International Nitrogen Fixation ...

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17 th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation Fremantle, Western Australia 27 November – 1 December 2011 Title Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and calcium nutrition on plant growth and levels of macronutrients in the honeybush tea plant, Cyclopia longifolia (Vogel l.) Authors Buhlebelive Mndzebele 1 and FD Dakora 2 Poster Board Number 25 1 Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology Cyclopia longifolia (Leguminosae) is endemic to the fynbos of the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa. Together with eight other Cyclopia species, C. longifolia is used for making Honeybush tea, a herbal beverage that is contributing to the South African economy. However, the effect of nutrient supply on plant growth, and the concentration, and amounts of major minerals are not well understood in this legume. Because the shoots are harvested annually as tea, establishing nutrient requirements for this species is necessary to minimize nutrient mining. The aim of this study was to assess plant growth, as well as the concentration and amounts of major elements in C. longifolia supplied with N, Mg, Ca and P as ammonium nitrate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate and calcium chloride dehydrate dipotassium and hypophosphate at four levels (i.e. 0, 5, 25 and 50 mM). About 100 mL of each nutrient concentration was applied per plant at three months interval for 9 months. Plants were harvested at 300 days after treatment in the field trial. Shoots were oven-dried (60 º C), weighed, and ground to fine powder (0.85 mm) for tissue analysis using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The data showed that supplying of N, Mg, Ca and P to C. longifolia increased biomass and the concentration, and amounts of major nutrients in plant tissue. The provision of N to C. longifolia induced uptake and accumulation of N, P, Mg, Ca and Na in the field. Phosphorus supply also led to higher tissue concentrations of N, P, Ca, Mg and Na just as the addition of Mg increased the concentration of Mg, P, Ca and Na in C. longifolia. Applying Ca to C. longifolia plants also caused the accumulation of Ca, P, Mg and Na in shoots, but decreased N concentration and content in field experiments. These data suggest that a moderate supply of N, P, Mg and Ca to C. longifolia can stimulate plant growth and accumulation, and thus increase tea yields in farmers‟ fields. 140 2011
17 th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation Fremantle, Western Australia 27 November – 1 December 2011 Title Root-nodule bacteria isolated from cowpea and bambara groundnut enhance mineral nutrition in their homologous hosts Author Irvin Makhubedu 1 , Keletso Mohale 1 , Flora Pule-Meulenberg 2 and Felix Dakora* 3 Poster Board Number 26 1 Department of Crop Science, Tshwane University of Technology 2 Department of Biotechnology, Tshwane University of Technology, 3 Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology Little is currently known about the role of symbiotic root-nodule bacteria in accumulating mineral nutrients in legumes. This study screened cowpea and Bambara groundnut bacterial isolates for their ability to induce nutrient uptake under sterile conditions in Leonard jars. Seedlings of cowpea (V. unguiculata L. Walp. cv. TVu11424), and Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) were raised in sterile Leonard jars containing ¼ strength Hoagland nutrient solution, and inoculated (in four replicates) with broth cultures of their respective bacterial microsymbionts. NO3-fed plants (0.5 mM) were included as control. All plants were harvested at 30 days after planting, separated into shoots and roots, and oven-dried (60 o C). The shoots were weighed, ground into fine powder (0.85 mm), and measured for mineral nutrients using inductively coupled plasma massspectrometry. The cowpea data revealed marked differences in bacterial strain effect on shoot and whole-plant biomass. All nodulated cowpea plants showed much higher concentrations of trace elements and macronutrients in shoots compared to 0.5 mM NO3-fed plants. Where strains TUT13d1vu and TUT26a1vu nodulated cowpea, they consistently showed increased concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and B in shoots when compared to other strains. However, strains TUT53b2vu and TUT33b4vu (which were the highest fixers) accumulated much greater amounts of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and B in cowpea shoots than any of the other strains. Re-testing strains TUT13d1vu, TUT26a1vu, TUT53b2vu and TUT33b4vu and 12 other N2-fixing cowpea isolates again revealed similar results for strains TUT26a1vu and TUT13d1vu. Strain TUT53b2vu and TUT33b4vu together with three other strains (which were the highest fixers) accumulated greater amounts of the major and minor elements in shoots of cowpea. Nodulating Bambara groundnut with its bacterial isolates also revealed marked strain differences in inducing mineral accumulation in shoots. 141 2011
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PrinciPal SPonSor: SPonSorS: Progra
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INVENTING THE FUTURE IN INOCULANTS
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17 ICNF Organising Committee Graham
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Cottesloe Beach © Tourism Western
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GeNeRAl INfoRmATIoN aTM’s Automat
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16:30 - 16:50 Felix Dakora Tshwane
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Thursday 1 December 2011 08:00 - 12
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IN INOCULANTS Nodulaid - 17th International Nitrogen Fixation ...

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