YSM Issue 97.1

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SHORT Profile MADHAV LAVAKARE YC ’25 BY PROUD UA-ARAK Madhav Lavakare’s (YC ’25) dive into the world of assistive technology traces back to his junior year of high school, when he witnessed a close friend grapple with hearing loss. After his friend, unable to understand what was being said in class, had to drop out of school, Lavakare embarked on a quest to explore existing solutions, only to encounter extravagant costs and imperfect outcomes. Traditional aids, such as hearing aids and cochlear implants, often cost tens of thousands of dollars and merely amplify sounds without clarifying them, so users may still easily miss out on what’s being said. Closed captioning on a device offers a solution to this issue of auditory comprehension but at the cost of missing visual communication cues. Hard-of-hearing individuals often have to play a “tennis match” of looking at subtitles on a mobile device and then back up at the person speaking. Since a simple phrase such as “Hey” may vary in meaning based on the expressed emotion and facial cues, closed captioning remains an imperfect solution for those who rely on it. Madhav’s invention, TranscribeGlass, emerges as a solution to these two issues faced by the hard-of-hearing community. Hoping to bridge the gap between auditory comprehension and visual cues, Lavakare designed TranscribeGlass to be affordable real-time captioning glasses. After interviewing and testing prototypes with members of the deaf community every weekend while working on this project full-time in India, Lavakare envisioned a device that seamlessly integrated real-time captions into the user’s field of view. Using Bluetooth technology, TranscribeGlass transmits caption data to a hardware device attached to a pair of glasses, mirroring the functionality of a movie projector. Imagine a transparent screen that acts as a see-through projector, enabling users to effortlessly follow along with captions in real-time, whether in a cinema hall, a classroom, or in day-to-day conversations. TranscribeGlass has evolved through a user-centric approach, driven by continuous feedback and iterative refinement. Lavakare refers to American entrepreneur Eric Ries’s mantra of the “build-measurelearn” cycle in describing how TranscribeGlass’s first prototype, albeit bulky and rudimentary, served as a starting point that was later refined by feedback. From India to Gallaudet University for the deaf and hardof-hearing in W a s h i n g t o n , D.C., over 350 individuals have PHOTOGRAPHY BY FAREED SALMON IMAGE COURTESY OF TRANSCRIBEGLASS TranscribeGlass’s beta model allows real-time speech to be converted into captions and shown in the user’s field of vision. been part of the prototype testing process, paving the way for subsequent iterations with greater compactness, longer battery life, and user-friendliness. The culmination of Lavakare’s efforts is a sleek device weighing less than eighteen grams—allowing users to not feel the burden of the device on their glasses—and boasting an impressive eight-hour battery life. Unlike conventional alternatives entailing exorbitant costs and invasive surgical procedures, TranscribeGlass offers a plug-andplay solution at $95, democratizing access to assistive technology. Its light design and prolonged battery life ensure uninterrupted usage, transcending the constraints imposed by traditional aids. Furthermore, Lavakare’s device offers a unique feature—captionsource independence. Unlike its counterparts, which often rely on a single provider and demand constant internet connectivity, TranscribeGlass utilizes a diverse array of methods to generate accurate captions, even in offline mode. By integrating with speech recognition software from companies such as Google, Apple, and Microsoft, as well as connecting to movie subtitle files and human transcription providers, it ensures accuracy and reliability across various contexts. The impact of this technology resonates with users worldwide. After a video of TranscribeGlass’s product showcase went viral with over twenty-six million views, demand for the product’s final release has skyrocketed with over fourteen thousand sign-ups for preorders. “I had a woman write to me saying, ‘Hey, I have two deaf twin daughters who are starting their freshman year of college, and this device would change their lives,’ and another shared how her father’s recent hearing loss has isolated him, believing TranscribeGlass would bring a newfound sense of inclusion and confidence for him. So, the feedback we’ve gotten has been very positive,” Lavakare said. Looking ahead, the future is ripe with possibilities for TranscribeGlass. Lavakare hopes to incorporate real-time translation into his model and cater to disabilities such as autism and ADHD by including visual cues and reminding users of past conversations. Lavakare’s journey with TranscribeGlass continues, fueled by his ability to innovate and driven by his commitment to ensure accessibility for all. ■ 34 Yale Scientific Magazine March 2024 www.yalescientific.org

Profile SHORT EMILY BORING YC ’18 BY KENNA MORGAN Although religion and science are frequently portrayed as conflicting forces, Emily Boring (YC ’18, DIV ’23) has proven herself to be a refreshing departure from this paradigm, embodying the intersection between science and faith. Growing up along the Oregon coast, Emily developed a sense of wonder for the ocean that ultimately inspired her studies in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (E&EB) as an undergraduate at Yale. In line with her childhood dream of working along the boundary of what we do know and what we haven’t proven yet, Boring conducted research in the lab of Thomas Near, a Yale professor and the chair of the E&EB Department. As an undergraduate, she used genomic sequencing to discover a new species of freshwater fish called Percina freemanorum, found in Georgia’s Etowah River System. She also took classes at the nearby Yale Divinity School, where she developed an interest in religious literature and poetry. She now describes these courses as the first time she recognized the ability of language to hold the same sense of wonder, transcendence, and interconnection that she had always experienced in her scientific pursuits. “To me, science and faith were never separate; they were two different vocabularies to express the interconnection of our world,” Boring said. Upon graduating from Yale in 2018, Boring returned to her home state for further studies in integrative biology. At Oregon State University, she explored the ecology of Leptasterias sp. (a six-rayed sea star) and was inspired by Jane Lubchenco, a professor of marine biology, to think critically about how to communicate scientific information to wider audiences of non-scientists. Although she completed her Master of Science in marine ecology and genetics, she quickly felt called back to religious studies at the Yale Divinity School. “[At YDS], I studied at the Institute of Sacred Music, [...] exploring what it means to find a new language of faith that speaks to people, even in this time of a lot of skepticism and distrust of religion,” Boring said. Outside of her coursework, she also worked as a hospital chaplain—a moving experience that, for Boring, epitomized the intersection between science IMAGE COURTESY OF EMILY BORING www.yalescientific.org and spirituality. While working with patients in the emergency room and the burn intensive care unit, Boring witnessed firsthand how the breakdown of the body—through disease or injury— often pushes people to ask big questions that can be answered by IMAGE COURTESY OF EMILY BORING Emily Boring holding an octopus while snorkeling. medicine and psychology to a certain extent, but are inherently informed by aspects of spirituality. Since earning her Master of Arts in Religion in 2023, Boring has been ordained as a priest and now serves as an Associate Rector at All Souls Episcopal Parish in Berkeley, California. Though returning to formal work in the sciences is not beyond the realm of possibility for Boring, for now she keeps busy by preaching and interacting with those in her parish community, while dedicating time to her long-held passion for creative writing. As an undergraduate, writing for the Yale Scientific Magazine’s Scope blog allowed Boring to push the boundaries of traditionally “scientific” publications by incorporating creativity, art, and storytelling. Additionally, she credits Verlyn Klinkenborg, a lecturer at the Yale English Department and School of the Environment, for mentoring her during her journey to become a writer who is curious, attentive to systems in place around her, and confident in her point of view. “That stance of open perception and curiosity, for me, has tied together a lot of what I try to do in my scientific research and also as a person of faith as I’m listening to people and trying to be present to their life moments,” Boring said. Boring is well-versed in the genre of creative nonfiction essays, and has recently discovered that the magazine Christian Century aligns closely with her work. For this particular publication, Boring enjoys pulling from the vocabulary and observations of science to shed light on patterns within our world that produce awe and contribute to spiritual experiences. Currently, she is working on a book project that will include a series of nonfiction essays. By drawing from her experiences as a chaplain, evolutionary biologist, and priest, Boring hopes to elucidate the answers to profound questions surrounding what it means to be a self, what it means to heal, and how we can bear witness to one another in life’s critical moments. Given Boring’s interdisciplinary expertise and personal experiences with illness and recovery, it is sure to be a compelling piece that—just as Boring herself does—lies at the crossroads of science, medicine, and spirituality. ■ March 2024 Yale Scientific Magazine 35

Profile<br />

SHORT<br />

EMILY BORING<br />

YC ’18 BY KENNA MORGAN<br />

Although religion and science are frequently portrayed<br />

as conflicting forces, Emily Boring (YC ’18, DIV ’23)<br />

has proven herself to be a refreshing departure from this<br />

paradigm, embodying the intersection between science and faith.<br />

Growing up along the Oregon coast, Emily developed a sense<br />

of wonder for the ocean that ultimately inspired her studies in<br />

Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (E&EB) as an undergraduate<br />

at Yale. In line with her childhood dream of working along the<br />

boundary of what we do know and what we haven’t proven<br />

yet, Boring conducted research in the lab of Thomas Near, a<br />

Yale professor and the chair of the E&EB Department. As an<br />

undergraduate, she used genomic sequencing to discover a new<br />

species of freshwater fish called Percina freemanorum, found<br />

in Georgia’s Etowah River System. She also took classes at the<br />

nearby Yale Divinity School, where she developed an interest in<br />

religious literature and poetry. She now describes these courses<br />

as the first time she recognized the ability of language to hold<br />

the same sense of wonder, transcendence, and interconnection<br />

that she had always experienced in her scientific pursuits.<br />

“To me, science and faith were never separate; they were two<br />

different vocabularies to express the interconnection of our<br />

world,” Boring said.<br />

Upon graduating from Yale in 2018, Boring returned to her<br />

home state for further studies in integrative biology. At Oregon<br />

State University, she explored the ecology of Leptasterias sp.<br />

(a six-rayed sea star) and was inspired by Jane Lubchenco, a<br />

professor of marine biology, to think critically about how to<br />

communicate scientific information to wider audiences of<br />

non-scientists. Although she completed her Master of Science<br />

in marine ecology and genetics, she quickly felt called back to<br />

religious studies at the Yale<br />

Divinity School. “[At YDS], I<br />

studied at the Institute of<br />

Sacred Music, [...] exploring<br />

what it means to find a<br />

new language of faith<br />

that speaks to people,<br />

even in this time of a<br />

lot of skepticism<br />

and distrust of<br />

religion,” Boring<br />

said. Outside of her<br />

coursework, she also<br />

worked as a hospital<br />

chaplain—a moving<br />

experience that, for<br />

Boring, epitomized<br />

the intersection<br />

between science<br />

IMAGE COURTESY OF EMILY BORING<br />

www.yalescientific.org<br />

and spirituality. While<br />

working with patients<br />

in the emergency room<br />

and the burn intensive<br />

care unit, Boring<br />

witnessed firsthand<br />

how the breakdown<br />

of the body—through<br />

disease or injury—<br />

often pushes people to<br />

ask big questions that<br />

can be answered by<br />

IMAGE COURTESY OF EMILY BORING<br />

Emily Boring holding an octopus while snorkeling.<br />

medicine and psychology to a certain extent, but are inherently<br />

informed by aspects of spirituality. Since earning her Master of<br />

Arts in Religion in 2023, Boring has been ordained as a priest<br />

and now serves as an Associate Rector at All Souls Episcopal<br />

Parish in Berkeley, California.<br />

Though returning to formal work in the sciences is not<br />

beyond the realm of possibility for Boring, for now she keeps<br />

busy by preaching and interacting with those in her parish<br />

community, while dedicating time to her long-held passion<br />

for creative writing. As an undergraduate, writing for the<br />

Yale Scientific Magazine’s Scope blog allowed Boring to push<br />

the boundaries of traditionally “scientific” publications by<br />

incorporating creativity, art, and storytelling. Additionally,<br />

she credits Verlyn Klinkenborg, a lecturer at the Yale English<br />

Department and School of the Environment, for mentoring her<br />

during her journey to become a writer who is curious, attentive<br />

to systems in place around her, and confident in her point of<br />

view. “That stance of open perception and curiosity, for me, has<br />

tied together a lot of what I try to do in my scientific research<br />

and also as a person of faith as I’m listening to people and<br />

trying to be present to their life moments,” Boring said. Boring<br />

is well-versed in the genre of creative nonfiction essays, and<br />

has recently discovered that the magazine Christian Century<br />

aligns closely with her work. For this particular publication,<br />

Boring enjoys pulling from the vocabulary and observations<br />

of science to shed light on patterns within our world that<br />

produce awe and contribute to spiritual experiences. Currently,<br />

she is working on a book project that will include a series<br />

of nonfiction essays. By drawing from her experiences as a<br />

chaplain, evolutionary biologist, and priest, Boring hopes to<br />

elucidate the answers to profound questions surrounding what<br />

it means to be a self, what it means to heal, and how we can<br />

bear witness to one another in life’s critical moments. Given<br />

Boring’s interdisciplinary expertise and personal experiences<br />

with illness and recovery, it is sure to be a compelling piece<br />

that—just as Boring herself does—lies at the crossroads of<br />

science, medicine, and spirituality. ■<br />

March 2024 Yale Scientific Magazine 35

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