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Redefining Reality - The Intellectual Implications of Modern Science

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If this were true, then it could be shown that the electromagnetic<br />

force and the weak force could be thought <strong>of</strong> as the same<br />

thing. <strong>The</strong> new Z particle would be a bridge that, at extremely<br />

high temperatures, would cause the photon and the W to<br />

collapse together.<br />

If the Z boson were real, then photons and W bosons were just<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Experimental physicists at CERN were able to produce W and<br />

Z bosons in the 1980s. <strong>The</strong> missing part from the picture that<br />

Glashow, Weinberg, and Salam produced was the Higgs boson,<br />

which was discovered in 2012.<br />

<br />

us a universe in which there are three active forces. But these<br />

three are not seen as a trio, more like a pair and a third wheel.<br />

<strong>The</strong> combined electromagnetic and weak force (the electroweak<br />

force) and the strong force are part <strong>of</strong> the standard model and come<br />

from a quantum view <strong>of</strong> the universe. Gravitation is described by<br />

Einstein’s general theory <strong>of</strong> relativity, which has a fundamentally<br />

different view <strong>of</strong> the universe than quantum theory.<br />

<br />

<br />

However, because there is only one universe, the hope is that we<br />

<br />

that creates a single coherent, elegant structure to reality. Because<br />

<br />

candidate would be the strong force, thereby completing a quantum<br />

world synthesis.<br />

Such a combination has been called the <br />

<br />

elements. A theory that then brings together the elements <strong>of</strong><br />

theory <strong>of</strong><br />

(TOE).<br />

86

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