Redefining Reality - The Intellectual Implications of Modern Science

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the rest made of, and what explains the unexpectedly increasing rate of expansion of the universe? Physicists are hard at work on these questions; this book is a discussion of their current thoughts on the matter. Parsons, Talcott. . the history of sociology lays out a seminal theory about the ways in which societies change over time. Penrose, Roger. The Emperor’s New Mind. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. The human brain is just a collection of atoms. As such, it ought to be governed by the laws of physics. If our consciousness is just the result of brain activity, then our minds, too, ought to be the predictable results of the laws of nature. But we seem to have free will. How does mechanics hold the answer. Perrin, Jean. Atoms. Woodbridge, CT: Ox Bow Press, 1990. The Nobel laureate’s explanation of his experimental work that showed beyond a shadow of a doubt that atoms must be thought of as real things. Phillips, Adam. . New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2014. A short and accessible biography that combines the story of Freud’s life with an explanation of his psychoanalytic method and the theories that lay beneath it. Pullman, Bernard. . New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. A comprehensive account of the various atomic theories that have been proposed from antiquity through the 20 th century. Rand, Ayn. . New York: Plume, 1994. A voluminous story of the efforts of an individualist who sticks to his unique vision against fashion in order to undermine the harmful effects of collectivism, policies designed to care for the well-being of the masses. 268
Rothman, Sheila M. Medical Enhancement. New York: Pantheon Books, 2003. A discussion of advances in contemporary biotechnology, how they can allow humans to develop new and better capabilities, and what this could mean for us as individuals and a society. Sheehan, Brendan. Understanding Keynes’ General Theory. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. A semi-technical account of the macroeconomic thought of Keynes, explained in detail for the educated non-economist. Shelley, Mary. . New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. The classic tale of a dead body brought back to life but rejected by the doctor who reanimated him. The spurned monster turns against the doctor, killing those close to him. Siegel, Eric. . Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2013. An account of the uses of data analytics to interpret, predict, and forecast human actions based on electronically collected information. Skinner, B. F. New York: Knopf, 1986. A being, an ideal that does not incorporate free will but sees us as predictably responsive to environmental stimuli. If we are not the free beings we thought we were, then what is important is to live pleasurable lives in which we feel Struik, Dirk. . New York: Dover, 1948. A mathematics, written for the non-mathematician. Sturtevant, A. H. A History of Genetics. New York: Harper & Row, 1965. An of the 20 th century by one of the scientists who contributed to it. 269
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Topic Philosophy & Intellectual His
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Steven Gimbel, Ph.D. Professor of P
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Table of Contents LECTURE 11 Dark M
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Table of Contents SUPPLEMENTAL MATE
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: I and technological a
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This question allows us to turn fro
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The study of reality is what philos
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Semmelweis noticed that the inciden
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ut sometimes, even after checking t
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. The Matrix. We don’t believe
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Wisdom comes from rejecting the imp
Page 23 and 24:
Thus, Aristotle’s prime mover, th
Page 25 and 26:
Aristotle had said that an object
Page 27 and 28:
For centuries, mathematics was cons
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th century, the Russian mathematici
Page 31 and 32:
had turned their attention to logic
Page 33 and 34:
Abbott, . Bell, Men of Mathematics.
Page 35 and 36:
Scientists thought that the physica
Page 37 and 38:
H. A. Lorentz had found, when you a
Page 39 and 40:
Thinkers as far back as Gottfried L
Page 41 and 42:
E grounds. First, the prin
Page 43 and 44:
If you woke up tomorrow in a small
Page 45 and 46:
speed up going in and slow down com
Page 47 and 48:
Is it true that a difference that m
Page 49 and 50:
Einstein thought, there would be lo
Page 51 and 52:
Scientists largely hated this idea,
Page 53 and 54:
If Gamow and Alpher’s work was ri
Page 55 and 56:
Although physicists at the end of t
Page 57 and 58:
In the 19 th century, there was the
Page 59 and 60:
In 1873, James Clerk Maxwell publis
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The idea of a large central mass at
Page 63 and 64:
We know, however, that for a given
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whether light is a particle or a wa
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is a particle, then the slits would
Page 69 and 70:
One of the early results of quantum
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eams, we also knew that there were
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The hadrons are made up of quarks,
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As the meaning of the physics began
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The demon is a being with a super-i
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ignoring certain elements, we can c
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One of the simplest fractal pattern
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Earlier, we talked about Thomas Kuh
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so greatly separated that no proces
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een able to form in that environmen
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Nicolson, . Panek, . Our theories
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Similarly, James Clerk Maxwell, in
Page 93 and 94:
But as we move away from the pole,
Page 95 and 96:
Great press has been given to a pot
Page 97 and 98:
Some people take the idea of a theo
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see from CAT scans that when someon
Page 101 and 102:
Because we are just atoms, we, too,
Page 103 and 104:
Would the randomness of quantum mec
Page 105 and 106:
Aristotle thought that this world i
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If you select strange enough traits
Page 109 and 110:
Although this aspect of the theory
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Darwin posited that children look l
Page 113 and 114:
The key to understanding how we pas
Page 115 and 116:
This picture of illness is quite di
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How much of who we are is determine
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inferred that the function of that
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a byproduct of mental illness, Freu
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With the genetic approach, we are w
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After Freud, psychology developed i
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experiences that are not our own, t
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Behaviorism was an attempt to make
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Psychology, which had begun as a se
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I th century, psychology had the lu
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part, in the group. To understand t
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acting in ways that showed a lack o
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has learned from the so-called barb
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led him to begin one of the most fa
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ules. We are now adult in our ethic
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In a contract-based relationship, y
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The study of psychology changed for
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Instead, we are a part of the world
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But it turns out that exposure to c
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Glickstein, . Lynch, . mean we
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But evolutionary psychologists Leda
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suited to solving these problems an
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As such, when we look at the innate
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In looking at reality, we can exami
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We see this also in the writings of
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one universal is crime. Crime is no
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To avoid such situations of anomie
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Historians create narratives that e
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Society is composed of individuals
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© Digital Vision/Thinkstock.
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The concept of race has long been a
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there are different combinations am
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Perhaps race is what Durkheim calle
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Gould, . Hernnstein and Murray, . K
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Slavery, for example, was a necessa
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Parsons’s picture is not the Marx
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In defeat, the smaller neighbors wo
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Economics became a science with the
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self-interest. Second, the large-sc
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Under the classical model, this sho
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How do we account for these effects
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If the star is large enough, when i
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© amenic181/iStock/Thinkstock.
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What environment on Earth could pro
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The possibility of life on other pl
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Our newfound alien interlocutors te
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Perhaps the best evidence for extra
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Mayor and Frei, . Morrison, Billing
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It has long been argued, however, t
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But the idea of using the body’s
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Although that seems worrisome, it i
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I equally much for how w
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The use of one’s DNA in creating
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With cytoplasmic transfer, the nucl
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Macintosh, . Given that multiple
Page 225 and 226: we could begin with the desired por
Page 227 and 228: The second step is trickier. Here,
Page 229 and 230: Aside from medical uses, we can alt
Page 231 and 232: We can now use medical technology t
Page 233 and 234: The problem here is that sometimes
Page 235 and 236: of disease and disorder. In America
Page 237 and 238: performance-enhancing drugs? We see
Page 239 and 240: Advances have led to hand-shaped ap
Page 241 and 242: Warwick then went a step further. H
Page 243 and 244: Scientists at MIT have taken DNA fr
Page 245 and 246: Computers can do many things, but c
Page 247 and 248: possible right answers. The machine
Page 249 and 250: player having a king and a pawn and
Page 251 and 252: If intelligence or sentience is an
Page 253 and 254: enable us to become a global villag
Page 255 and 256: engineers used their technological
Page 257 and 258: Another intriguing development on t
Page 259 and 260: In these lectures, we’ve seen tha
Page 261 and 262: leave messages or comments, and whe
Page 263 and 264: This ability of mothers doesn’t m
Page 265 and 266: But Einstein showed us that the rea
Page 267 and 268: Barabasi, Albert-Laszlo. Linked: Th
Page 269 and 270: ———. The Descent of Man: and
Page 271 and 272: Gilligan, Carol. . Cambridg
Page 273 and 274: Kramer, Peter. . New York: Viking
Page 275: eings that we are willing to act in
Page 279 and 280: ———. . London: Century, 2002.
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