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Redefining Reality - The Intellectual Implications of Modern Science

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environmental factors affected subjects and how positive and<br />

negative reinforcement could predictably change the mathematical<br />

relationship between the stimulus and response.<br />

<br />

<strong>The</strong> ability to use psychological research not only for pure<br />

purposes <strong>of</strong> gaining knowledge about the structure <strong>of</strong> reality but<br />

<br />

, Skinner argues that people are not<br />

autonomous agents, rationally deliberating on hard questions and<br />

coming up with creative answers. Instead, we are creatures <strong>of</strong> habit,<br />

and these habits can be shaped to limit human growth or to further<br />

human advancement.<br />

Like Pavlov’s dogs, we are malleable, and the best course <strong>of</strong><br />

<br />

human development and set up the conditions—the positive<br />

and negative consequences—that will shape people into the<br />

form we want. <strong>The</strong> myth <strong>of</strong> free will is a barrier to human<br />

advancement and satisfaction.<br />

<br />

This is exactly the notion behind the plotline <strong>of</strong> the Anthony<br />

.<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

his academic post at Johns Hopkins University, he took a position<br />

at the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency. <strong>The</strong> expertise he<br />

<br />

for the enrichment <strong>of</strong> business owners by manipulating the masses.<br />

Edward Bernays, the nephew <strong>of</strong> Sigmund Freud, also came to<br />

realize the power that could be attached to psychological research.<br />

After a stint with the government, he opened an advertising<br />

<br />

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