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CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide

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A lot of software loads when you boot up any computing device, such as

small programs that provide support for the various functions of the operating

system. These small programs are called services. As you add applications

and peripherals to a system, more software loads automatically at startup.

Most of the time these autostarting programs are welcome—you want that

latest peripheral to work, right? Sometimes, though, autostarting programs

cause problems and need to be stopped, either temporarily or from loading at

all.

Every OS gives you the capability to stop autostarting applications,

processes, and services. Windows has two tools, System Configuration and

Task Manager. Apple discourages startup programs, but each user account

will have certain login items that load. To manage those, use the Users &

Groups pane in System Preferences. In Linux, check the Startup Applications

folder for automatic programs.

System Configuration

Techs use the System Configuration utility (also known by its executable

name, msconfig) in Windows 7 to edit and troubleshoot operating system and

program startup processes and services. From Windows 8 on, you can make

these changes from the Task Manager.

To start the System Configuration utility, go the Start | Search bar, enter

msconfig, and click OK or press ENTER. The program runs after you provide

the necessary credentials, depending on the User Account Control (UAC)

setup.

The System Configuration utility offers a number of handy features,

distributed across the following tabs:

• General Select the type of startup you would like to use for the next

boot (see Figure 14-19). You can perform a normal startup with all

device drivers and services launching normally, a diagnostic startup

with only basic devices and services, or a selective startup where you

choose whether to load system services, startup items, or use original

boot configuration.

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