CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Figure 5-19 Monitor tabNOTE Some systems refer to the Monitor display as PC Health.The Boot tab (see Figure 5-20) enables you to adjust boot settings. Youcan select devices to boot by priority, setting the boot sequence used by themotherboard. (See “The Boot Process” later in this chapter for moreinformation.) You can determine how the system will react/inform if bootingfails, and more.
Figure 5-20 Boot tabThe Tool tab (see Figure 5-21) has a couple of very important features.The EZ Flash 3 utility enables you to update the motherboard firmware. Seethe “Flashing the ROM” section later in this chapter for more details. TheTool tab also shows RAM information. That’s the SPD option (for serialpresence detect) you should recognize from Chapter 4, “RAM.”
Page 4 and 5:
ABOUT THE AUTHORMichael Meyers is t
Page 8 and 9:
Copyright © 2019 by McGraw-Hill Ed
Page 10 and 11:
To my grandson, William Siegmund Ke
Page 12 and 13:
Chapter 21 The InternetChapter 22 V
Page 14 and 15:
The Computing ProcessThe Computing
Page 16 and 17:
Chapter ReviewQuestionsAnswersChapt
Page 18 and 19:
Supplying DCInstalling and Maintain
Page 20 and 21:
Maintaining and Troubleshooting Har
Page 22 and 23:
Chapter 12 Windows Under the Hood10
Page 24 and 25:
AnswersChapter 15 Working with the
Page 26 and 27:
Application ProblemsApplication Ins
Page 28 and 29:
Chapter 19 Local Area Networking100
Page 30 and 31:
Internet Application Protocols10021
Page 32 and 33:
Hardware/Device ReplacementTroubles
Page 34 and 35:
ScannersCopy and Fax ComponentsAuto
Page 36 and 37:
Implementing Change (Scenario)Disas
Page 38 and 39:
Looking forward to many more.To Dud
Page 40 and 41:
with every day? Seriously, count th
Page 42 and 43:
by the Computing Technology Industr
Page 44 and 45:
CompTIA offers several tracks to pu
Page 46 and 47:
Network Associate (CCNA), plus nume
Page 48 and 49:
Try This! Recommending an OSImagine
Page 50 and 51:
asked how to set up and maintain vi
Page 52 and 53:
Finding a Testing CenterPearson VUE
Page 54 and 55:
their Web site and schedule the exa
Page 56 and 57:
information they must know for the
Page 58 and 59:
• Installing, running, and closin
Page 60 and 61:
Safety and ProfessionalismCHAPTER 1
Page 62 and 63:
Figure 1-1 Casual FordI have a ques
Page 64 and 65:
you an idea of what we are trying t
Page 66 and 67:
Figure 1-3 Don’t do this!It’s f
Page 68 and 69:
rarely felt that technicians I’ve
Page 70 and 71:
down, or do anything else necessary
Page 72 and 73:
Figure 1-4 Never accuse!Follow up w
Page 74 and 75:
this book!Beyond basic manners, nev
Page 76 and 77:
Be Prepared!Effective communication
Page 78 and 79:
prevalent in dry, cool environments
Page 80 and 81:
Although having an antistatic wrist
Page 82 and 83:
speakers in particular, are suscept
Page 84 and 85:
Figure 1-10 Author’s go-to iFixit
Page 86 and 87:
Figure 1-12 What a strange, bad tri
Page 88 and 89:
Troubleshooting MethodologyAn effec
Page 90 and 91:
cover backup options in detail in C
Page 92 and 93:
fundamental understanding of the co
Page 94 and 95:
Figure 1-16 Ford the Tech asks for
Page 96 and 97:
malware is installed so a computer
Page 98 and 99:
and check the records to find other
Page 100 and 101:
C. Document any particularly import
Page 102 and 103:
CHAPTER 2The Visible ComputerIn thi
Page 104 and 105:
calculations. The most common types
Page 106 and 107:
Figure 2-4 A point of sale computer
Page 108 and 109:
Figure 2-5 The Microsoft Windows 10
Page 110 and 111:
Figure 2-7 Monument Valley II game
Page 112 and 113:
(CPU), usually a single, thin wafer
Page 114 and 115:
what makes a good computer technici
Page 116 and 117:
Figure 2-11 PC with common peripher
Page 118 and 119:
Figure 2-13 Inside the system unitF
Page 120 and 121:
Figure 2-16 Tablet computerWe could
Page 122 and 123:
• The OS enables users to determi
Page 124 and 125:
Other visible items are as follows:
Page 126 and 127:
such as Windows Phone, to create a
Page 128 and 129:
Figure 2-21 Windows 8 Start screen
Page 130 and 131:
Figure 2-23 Apps sorted by nameWind
Page 132 and 133:
Figure 2-25 Charms accessed by curs
Page 134 and 135:
interface with an active applicatio
Page 136 and 137:
WINDOWS LOGO KEY + LEFT ARROW or RI
Page 138 and 139:
Figure 2-30 Mission Control button
Page 140 and 141:
Figure 2-33 Ubuntu Linux desktop en
Page 142 and 143:
Figure 2-35 File ExplorerThe defaul
Page 144 and 145:
Figure 2-36 File Explorer viewing M
Page 146 and 147:
Figure 2-38 Mike’s Home directory
Page 148 and 149:
NOTE The Control Panel enables you
Page 150 and 151:
Figure 2-41 Windows 7 System Tools
Page 152 and 153:
Command Line The Windows command-li
Page 154 and 155:
from the big three in Windows 7. Th
Page 157 and 158:
Figure 2-47 Search charm with Contr
Page 159 and 160:
Command Line The command-line inter
Page 161 and 162:
line (cmd.exe) by typing cmd or com
Page 163 and 164:
macOSmacOS has two key launch point
Page 165 and 166:
Figure 2-55 Accessing All SettingsF
Page 167 and 168:
A. CharmsB. DesktopC. Mission Contr
Page 169 and 170:
9. C. Terminal is the equivalent of
Page 171 and 172:
EXAM TIP CompTIA only uses the term
Page 173 and 174:
Imagine that we install a set of 16
Page 175 and 176:
Figure 3-5 Here “1” means on,
Page 177 and 178:
Figure 3-7 CPU codebookIn this code
Page 179 and 180:
wire (most diagrams label the clock
Page 181 and 182:
Figure 3-11 Clock speed printed on
Page 183 and 184:
directly to the CPU’s clock wire,
Page 185 and 186:
decimal number 5 written in binary.
Page 187 and 188:
Figure 3-14 RAM as a spreadsheet•
Page 189 and 190:
Figure 3-16 Extending the EDBWait a
Page 191 and 192:
Figure 3-18 Address busBy turning t
Page 193 and 194:
Well, yes, I am, but not out of mal
Page 195 and 196:
00000000000000001000Hey, wouldn’t
Page 197 and 198:
portable computers. Most of Intel
Page 199 and 200:
companies use code names to keep tr
Page 201 and 202:
Desktop Versus MobileMobile devices
Page 203 and 204:
All modern CPUs run at some multipl
Page 205 and 206:
64-Bit ProcessingOver successive ge
Page 207 and 208:
Parallel ExecutionModern CPUs can p
Page 209 and 210:
part, the arithmetic logic unit (AL
Page 211 and 212:
many times.Pipelining CPUs work fan
Page 213 and 214:
Figure 3-28 CPU-Z displaying the ca
Page 215 and 216:
Figure 3-30 Windows Task Manager wi
Page 217 and 218:
Figure 3-31 CPU-Z showing the cache
Page 219 and 220:
discrete microprocessor that differ
Page 221 and 222:
Everybody calls the NX bit technolo
Page 223 and 224:
EXAM TIP The CompTIA A+ 1001 object
Page 225 and 226:
based motherboards, the sockets hav
Page 227 and 228:
Figure 3-36 Underside and top of a
Page 229 and 230:
Figure 3-38 Fully opened socketAlig
Page 231 and 232:
Figure 3-39 Intel stock heat-sink a
Page 233 and 234:
Figure 3-41 Liquid-cooled CPUSevera
Page 235 and 236:
Figure 3-42 CPU fan power standout
Page 237 and 238:
Figure 3-44 AMD stock heat-sink and
Page 239 and 240:
NOTE Chapter 5, “Firmware,” goe
Page 241 and 242:
Figure 3-47 CMOS-clear jumperTo cle
Page 243 and 244:
result in a system running slowly o
Page 245 and 246:
C. The external data bus provides a
Page 247 and 248:
Answers1. B. The CPU uses registers
Page 249 and 250:
Figure 4-1 Mass storage holds progr
Page 251 and 252:
computers—not just PCs—since th
Page 253 and 254:
So if some of the commands are more
Page 255 and 256:
Figure 4-7 A 72-pin SIMMModern CPUs
Page 257 and 258:
Development of newer, wider, and fa
Page 259 and 260:
RDRAMWhen Intel was developing the
Page 261 and 262:
Figure 4-13 172-pin DDR SDRAM micro
Page 263 and 264:
Figure 4-14 A motherboard showing f
Page 265 and 266:
Figure 4-16 DDR2 DIMM on top of a D
Page 267 and 268: that can reduce the air conditionin
Page 269 and 270: Figure 4-17 Double-sided DDR SDRAML
Page 271 and 272: notice when such a rare event happe
Page 273 and 274: Working with RAMWhenever people com
Page 275 and 276: Let’s assume you have a PC with 4
Page 277 and 278: Figure 4-23 Program B being unloade
Page 279 and 280: Figure 4-26 Program C is swapped to
Page 281 and 282: sealed. Today many desktop and lapt
Page 283 and 284: Figure 4-30 Dedicating a flash driv
Page 285 and 286: NOTE The freeware CPU-Z program tel
Page 287 and 288: Your motherboard should detect and
Page 289 and 290: hard to handle. Wide acceptance of
Page 291 and 292: memory issues but not necessarily s
Page 293 and 294: cause an error. Still, you can find
Page 295 and 296: D. Fetch interval5. How does an NMI
Page 297 and 298: for the proper slots.)7. A. You can
Page 299 and 300: We Need to TalkFor a keyboard or a
Page 301 and 302: Figure 5-4 Ancient 430VX chipset sh
Page 303 and 304: Figure 5-6 Everything connectingIt
Page 305 and 306: Figure 5-8 Electronic view of the k
Page 307 and 308: erased every time you turned off th
Page 309 and 310: Figure 5-11 Function of the flash R
Page 311 and 312: needs a place to store all its sett
Page 313 and 314: Figure 5-14 Gigabyte system setup u
Page 315 and 316: Figure 5-15 ASUS UEFI system setup
Page 317: CPUs, hard drives and optical drive
Page 321 and 322: Figure 5-22 Information tabThe Conf
Page 323 and 324: default in BIOS, so if your virtual
Page 325 and 326: computing. We’ll hit the subject
Page 327 and 328: EXAM TIP BIOS security-related opti
Page 329 and 330: drive controller—basically just a
Page 331 and 332: almost any device for your computer
Page 333 and 334: codes before and during the video t
Page 335 and 336: Figure 5-31 POST card in actionPOST
Page 337 and 338: devices so you can run utilities to
Page 339 and 340: Figure 5-34 Options for resetting C
Page 341 and 342: Figure 5-36 Changing shunt location
Page 343 and 344: booting are slim—but you’ll sti
Page 345 and 346: NOTE A failed BIOS/UEFI update—wh
Page 347 and 348: needs BIOS.C. All hardware built in
Page 349 and 350: 4. B. Most likely the device has an
Page 351 and 352: Figure 6-1 Traces visible beneath t
Page 353 and 354: EXAM TIP CompTIA A+ 1001 exam objec
Page 355 and 356: NOTE In case your curiosity has run
Page 357 and 358: Figure 6-5 Keyboard connector on th
Page 359 and 360: Figure 6-7 ATX portsThe ATX form fa
Page 361 and 362: Figure 6-9 A microATX motherboardEX
Page 363 and 364: Figure 6-10 Mini-ITXOne of the grea
Page 365 and 366: vary in features, performance, and
Page 367 and 368: Figure 6-13 Driver disc for ASUS mo
Page 369 and 370:
building a custom rig is selecting
Page 371 and 372:
case, another example (like USB) of
Page 373 and 374:
Figure 6-18 Expansion slots connect
Page 375 and 376:
architecture (see Figure 6-22) in t
Page 377 and 378:
PCI ExpressPCI Express (PCIe) is st
Page 379 and 380:
Figure 6-25 PCIe ×1 slot (top)NOTE
Page 381 and 382:
Optimally, a card should always be
Page 383 and 384:
Figure 6-27 Always secure all cards
Page 386 and 387:
Figure 6-28 Properly seated expansi
Page 388 and 389:
Figure 6-30 Uninstalling a deviceUn
Page 390 and 391:
Figure 6-32 Installation menuDriver
Page 392 and 393:
should open Device Manager and veri
Page 394 and 395:
Figure 6-35 Running Add Hardware Wi
Page 396 and 397:
Figure 6-37 Updating the driverIf y
Page 398 and 399:
Upgrading a motherboard can very qu
Page 400 and 401:
NOTE If you have a motherboard with
Page 402 and 403:
Figure 6-40 Standoff in a case, rea
Page 404 and 405:
Figure 6-41 Motherboard wire connec
Page 406 and 407:
a CPU fan can be a bear of a task,
Page 408 and 409:
nose to lead you to a popped capaci
Page 410 and 411:
Figure 6-43 USB POST card (left) an
Page 412 and 413:
flash ROM chip. Refer to Chapter 5
Page 414 and 415:
7. Solon has a very buggy computer
Page 416 and 417:
CHAPTER 7Power SuppliesIn this chap
Page 418 and 419:
EXAM TIP Some questions on the Comp
Page 420 and 421:
you push too much through, the wire
Page 422 and 423:
Supplying ACEvery PC power supply m
Page 424 and 425:
Figure 7-6 Outlet voltages
Page 426 and 427:
haven’t used one in the past, get
Page 428 and 429:
amperage output is too low, the dev
Page 430 and 431:
telephone line protection (see Figu
Page 432 and 433:
Figure 7-12 Uninterruptible power s
Page 434 and 435:
monitoring and maintenance software
Page 436 and 437:
Figure 7-14 Desktop PSUEXAM TIP The
Page 438 and 439:
Figure 7-16 Molex connectorMini Con
Page 440 and 441:
Chapter 8, “Mass Storage Technolo
Page 442 and 443:
benefits. Soft power prevents a use
Page 444 and 445:
ATX12V standard was the lack of enf
Page 446 and 447:
Figure 7-23 Convertible motherboard
Page 448 and 449:
designed specifically for mini-ITX
Page 450 and 451:
Figure 7-26 Power supply advertisin
Page 452 and 453:
rail power from a PSU may continue
Page 454 and 455:
as simple. Let’s take a look.Inst
Page 456 and 457:
Figure 7-30 On/off switch for an AT
Page 458 and 459:
power supply.Figure 7-32 Power supp
Page 460 and 461:
Figure 7-34 Case fanThe single bigg
Page 462 and 463:
EXAM TIP Missing slot covers can ca
Page 464 and 465:
motherboard, and the manufacturer
Page 466 and 467:
Figure 7-39 Testing one of the 5-V
Page 468 and 469:
PC, making it a rather challenging
Page 470 and 471:
burning inside of it, stop using it
Page 472 and 473:
Chapter ReviewQuestions1. What is t
Page 474 and 475:
C. Sleep modeD. Soft power10. How m
Page 476 and 477:
in modern operating systems.Histori
Page 478 and 479:
Figure 8-2 Read/write heads on actu
Page 480 and 481:
dust or animal hair, and so on.Tech
Page 482 and 483:
devices.SSDs for personal computers
Page 484 and 485:
randomly around the drive, and how
Page 486 and 487:
Figure 8-8 Standardized physical co
Page 488 and 489:
Figure 8-10 PATA cable plugged into
Page 490 and 491:
ATA/ATAPI drives.Serial ATA address
Page 492 and 493:
device—theoretically, up to 30 ti
Page 494 and 495:
Most hard drives sold today are SAT
Page 496 and 497:
AHCICurrent versions of Windows sup
Page 498 and 499:
SCSISATA drives dominate the person
Page 500 and 501:
continue to operate even if the pri
Page 502 and 503:
majority of network servers use a t
Page 504 and 505:
EXAM TIP In preparation for the Com
Page 506 and 507:
NOTE Chapter 9, “Implementing Mas
Page 508 and 509:
Dedicated RAID BoxesMany people add
Page 510 and 511:
cables reach the drive? A quick tes
Page 512 and 513:
Figure 8-26 Drive label showing mas
Page 514 and 515:
configure SATA version/speed (1.5,
Page 516 and 517:
information whenever you installed
Page 518 and 519:
If you want your computer to run, i
Page 520 and 521:
A. 5200B. 7200C. 9200D. Not applica
Page 522 and 523:
2. C. The M.2 (and mSATA) SSD has a
Page 524 and 525:
After you’ve successfully install
Page 526 and 527:
The CPU and operating system never
Page 528 and 529:
EXAM TIP You might see the terms ba
Page 530 and 531:
EXAM TIP Only one master boot recor
Page 532 and 533:
Figure 9-8 GRUB in actionExtended P
Page 534 and 535:
partitioning called dynamic storage
Page 536 and 537:
limited Windows to 128 partitions.
Page 538 and 539:
common situations likely to require
Page 540 and 541:
SIM Check out the excellent Chapter
Page 542 and 543:
Figure 9-14 Drive with four partiti
Page 544 and 545:
file is larger than 4096 bytes, it
Page 546 and 547:
Figure 9-17 Bad blocks markedNOTE H
Page 548 and 549:
Windows finds the first open cluste
Page 550 and 551:
FAT32 is still very much commonly u
Page 552 and 553:
Figure 9-21 Piriform Recuva in acti
Page 554 and 555:
over the hard drive to retrieve a s
Page 556 and 557:
defragment an NTFS partition, you
Page 558 and 559:
Figure 9-25 Hard drive quotas in Wi
Page 560 and 561:
bigger in capacity, however, the fi
Page 562 and 563:
You cannot follow the procedure in
Page 564 and 565:
Partitioning and Formatting with th
Page 566 and 567:
Figure 9-29 Disk Management showing
Page 568 and 569:
The Disk Management utility is the
Page 570 and 571:
Figure 9-32 Unknown drive in Disk M
Page 572 and 573:
properly with the computer.• Offl
Page 574 and 575:
tool, diskpart, offers options not
Page 576 and 577:
Figure 9-37 Turning on compressionD
Page 578 and 579:
Figure 9-38 Converting to a dynamic
Page 580 and 581:
Figure 9-40 Simple volumesSpanning
Page 582 and 583:
Figure 9-42 The Extend Volume Wizar
Page 584 and 585:
without using dynamic disks. You ca
Page 586 and 587:
Figure 9-45 Selecting a new mirror
Page 588 and 589:
While partitions and volumes can be
Page 590 and 591:
one partition into two, you need to
Page 592 and 593:
blocks and is a handy option when y
Page 594 and 595:
Figure 9-52 Formatted drives reveal
Page 596 and 597:
mirror array, so you can lose one o
Page 598 and 599:
addressing. A block is one step abo
Page 600 and 601:
Figure 9-54 The Tools tab in the Pr
Page 602 and 603:
—or defrag—your drives as part
Page 604 and 605:
Figure 9-57 Mike’s Recycle BinEve
Page 606 and 607:
1001Troubleshooting Hard Drive Impl
Page 608 and 609:
moment you try to do something with
Page 610 and 611:
or any service technician can do to
Page 612 and 613:
on individual drives. There are a c
Page 614 and 615:
examples: Avanquest Partition Comma
Page 616 and 617:
The answer is easy—the folks at G
Page 618 and 619:
5. Jaime wishes to check her hard d
Page 620 and 621:
CHAPTER 10Essential PeripheralsIn t
Page 622 and 623:
the CompTIA A+ 1001 exam. Just reme
Page 624 and 625:
• USB 3.0 is capable of speeds of
Page 626 and 627:
Figure 10-5 Shared USB ports for 1.
Page 628 and 629:
Figure 10-8 USB 3.0 ports (left) an
Page 630 and 631:
device involved. If you have a USB
Page 632 and 633:
USB ConfigurationThe biggest troubl
Page 634 and 635:
USB, FireWire went through a few it
Page 636 and 637:
see if the port’s been turned off
Page 638 and 639:
a PC. All modern operating systems
Page 640 and 641:
correspond to ctrl and alt; the com
Page 642 and 643:
probably useless with the stuck key
Page 644 and 645:
Figure 10-21 Cleaning an optical mo
Page 646 and 647:
Figure 10-23 Training Windows Hello
Page 648 and 649:
commands or text. Apple, Microsoft,
Page 650 and 651:
Touch ScreensA touch screen is a mo
Page 652 and 653:
Figure 10-29 A typical KVM switchTo
Page 654 and 655:
Figure 10-31 A joystickGame control
Page 656 and 657:
skies, or the streets, or wherever
Page 658 and 659:
Figure 10-34 Drawing with a digitiz
Page 660 and 661:
Figure 10-35 Secure Digital cardCon
Page 662 and 663:
Figure 10-38 Video chatting by webc
Page 664 and 665:
two tracks (stereo). More advanced
Page 666 and 667:
Microsoft’s first OS, DOS.The bea
Page 668 and 669:
used to connect to an external devi
Page 670 and 671:
Figure 10-43 A standard microphoneN
Page 672 and 673:
A video is two or more separate tra
Page 674 and 675:
Flash MemoryFlash memory, the same
Page 676 and 677:
Figure 10-48 CF cardSecure Digital
Page 678 and 679:
are critical for figuring out wheth
Page 680 and 681:
Figure 10-51 USB card readerWhichev
Page 682 and 683:
CD-ROM Speeds The first CD-ROM driv
Page 684 and 685:
media to the functional equivalent
Page 686 and 687:
Figure 10-55 Typical DVD-videoThe s
Page 688 and 689:
up to 25 GB (single-layer disc), 50
Page 690 and 691:
Figure 10-58 CD-RW, DVD, and BD-R d
Page 692 and 693:
A. The bus speed stays constant, bu
Page 694 and 695:
2. C. The bus speed decreases becau
Page 696 and 697:
Prerequisites to BuildingIn a typic
Page 698 and 699:
system? What about the customer’s
Page 700 and 701:
Table 11-1 shows the minimum hardwa
Page 702 and 703:
purpose systems, like point-of-sale
Page 704 and 705:
smoothly. Many desktop computers ca
Page 706 and 707:
EXAM TIP Standalone sound cards are
Page 708 and 709:
Audio Editing WorkstationsThe requi
Page 710 and 711:
(NAS) device to dish out files and
Page 712 and 713:
Figure 11-7 Media streaming turned
Page 714 and 715:
Figure 11-9 Streaming with iTunesHa
Page 716 and 717:
NOTE This section explores the inst
Page 718 and 719:
EXAM TIP The CompTIA A+ 1002 object
Page 720 and 721:
Clean InstallationA clean installat
Page 722 and 723:
Before you begin an upgrade of Wind
Page 724 and 725:
NOTE When configuring a computer fo
Page 726 and 727:
Figure 11-15 Image deployment over
Page 728 and 729:
Figure 11-16 Windows 64-bit or 32-b
Page 730 and 731:
Figure 11-18 The Windows setup welc
Page 732 and 733:
Figure 11-20 Choosing the edition o
Page 734 and 735:
Figure 11-22 Choose your installati
Page 736 and 737:
the oh-so-irritating Cortana to hel
Page 738 and 739:
Figure 11-25 Choosing a user nameMi
Page 740 and 741:
for a piece of software, don’t yo
Page 742 and 743:
Figure 11-28 Setting up PXE in syst
Page 744 and 745:
Troubleshooting Installation Proble
Page 746 and 747:
logs.2. Identify the specific log f
Page 748 and 749:
to be a lemon.Restoring User Data F
Page 750 and 751:
about the process, so there’s not
Page 752 and 753:
EXAM TIP Professional hard drive di
Page 754 and 755:
disposed of in the right way. Safel
Page 756 and 757:
You can tighten up privacy settings
Page 758 and 759:
C. Service packD. Service release10
Page 760 and 761:
without it.Every version of Windows
Page 762 and 763:
This root key combines class object
Page 764 and 765:
To describe the location of a speci
Page 766 and 767:
Windows includes a couple of comman
Page 768 and 769:
NOTE If you work with Windows long
Page 770 and 771:
Figure 12-5 Task Manager in Windows
Page 772 and 773:
Figure 12-6 Processes tab in Window
Page 774 and 775:
Figure 12-8 Processes tab with more
Page 776 and 777:
Figure 12-10 Processes detail on ri
Page 778 and 779:
Figure 12-11 Process priorityMessin
Page 780 and 781:
Figure 12-12 Turning off affinity t
Page 782 and 783:
Figure 12-14 Process ExplorerThink
Page 784 and 785:
EXAM TIP You can open the Services
Page 786 and 787:
EXAM TIP You can start any service
Page 788 and 789:
issue.Figure 12-19 CPU usageNetwork
Page 790 and 791:
Services, and Users tabs all still
Page 792 and 793:
processes running.Beyond these chan
Page 794 and 795:
Figure 12-23 Processes tab with mul
Page 796 and 797:
Figure 12-25 App history tab in Win
Page 798 and 799:
Figure 12-27 Users tab in Windows 8
Page 800 and 801:
Because I was already in the comman
Page 802 and 803:
Beyond that, each tab brings subtle
Page 804 and 805:
Figure 12-32 Blank Performance Moni
Page 806 and 807:
Figure 12-34 Sample reportEXAM TIP
Page 808 and 809:
Figure 12-35 Component Services in
Page 810 and 811:
Questions1. What is the name of the
Page 812 and 813:
Answers1. C. On Windows machines, b
Page 814 and 815:
section describes methods for shari
Page 816 and 817:
accounts (tied to a specific comput
Page 818 and 819:
NOTE Every secure organization sets
Page 820 and 821:
just a single user account. You can
Page 822 and 823:
• Type lusrmgr.msc in the search
Page 824 and 825:
Figure 13-5 Default groupsLet’s a
Page 826 and 827:
Figure 13-7 Creating the Morning gr
Page 828:
Figure 13-9 Adding a new userManagi
Page 831 and 832:
Figure 13-12 Accounts screen in Win
Page 833 and 834:
Figure 13-14 Options for a new acco
Page 835 and 836:
Figure 13-16 Accounts app homeThe A
Page 837 and 838:
Figure 13-18 User Accounts in Windo
Page 839 and 840:
ownership. Owners can do anything t
Page 841 and 842:
• Full Control Enables you to do
Page 843 and 844:
Execute permissions (see Figure 13-
Page 845 and 846:
Figure 13-23 Special permissionsPer
Page 847 and 848:
EXAM TIP Current versions of Window
Page 849 and 850:
• Everyone Permissions for anyone
Page 851 and 852:
chmod <permissions> <filename>Using
Page 853 and 854:
but they are not visible by default
Page 855 and 856:
remove them and edit existing NTFS
Page 857 and 858:
two choices for permissions to give
Page 859 and 860:
Locating Shared FoldersBefore you w
Page 861 and 862:
To encrypt a file or folder takes s
Page 863 and 864:
Figure 13-34 Selecting encryptionAs
Page 865 and 866:
NOTE As of Windows 10 BitLocker can
Page 867 and 868:
Figure 13-36 Local Security Policy
Page 869 and 870:
When picking the poster child for t
Page 871 and 872:
Figure 13-40 The danger of administ
Page 873 and 874:
action—thus, the infamous UAC dia
Page 875 and 876:
Figure 13-44 Shield icons in User A
Page 877 and 878:
Figure 13-46 Change User Account Co
Page 879 and 880:
has a place on everyone’s compute
Page 881 and 882:
B. Place the files in the Public Sh
Page 883 and 884:
Maintaining and OptimizingOperating
Page 885 and 886:
only for Windows. Both macOS and Li
Page 887 and 888:
Windows Update checks your system,
Page 889 and 890:
Figure 14-3 Hiding an updateWindows
Page 891 and 892:
Figure 14-5 Windows 7 Windows Updat
Page 893 and 894:
Figure 14-8 Windows 10 Windows Upda
Page 895 and 896:
Figure 14-9 App Store update option
Page 897 and 898:
A+ 1002 exam because the objectives
Page 899 and 900:
Figure 14-12 CCleaner Registry Clea
Page 901 and 902:
Figure 14-13 Error checking in Wind
Page 903 and 904:
you need to error check your disk,
Page 905 and 906:
Figure 14-16 Conditions tab in Wind
Page 907 and 908:
all.) The OS runs scans late at nig
Page 909 and 910:
A lot of software loads when you bo
Page 911 and 912:
• Tools This tab lists many of th
Page 913 and 914:
Users & Groups in macOSIn the Users
Page 915 and 916:
Microsoft includes a couple of hand
Page 917 and 918:
checking your video card that Chapt
Page 919 and 920:
Figure 14-26 Device Manager as a sn
Page 921 and 922:
potential impact could installing t
Page 923 and 924:
Figure 14-29 Installation UACShould
Page 925 and 926:
Figure 14-31 Microsoft StoreInstall
Page 927 and 928:
Figure 14-33 Linux store optionsBut
Page 929 and 930:
applet in Control Panel (see Figure
Page 931 and 932:
For all other macOS apps, removing
Page 933 and 934:
processes you read about specifical
Page 935 and 936:
Figure 14-40 Adding a device in Win
Page 938 and 939:
Figure 14-41 Windows 10 Performance
Page 940 and 941:
Data Execution Prevention (DEP) wor
Page 942 and 943:
Figure 14-44 What do you want to ba
Page 944 and 945:
Figure 14-46 Showing some of a sing
Page 946 and 947:
drive, I suppose, but what would be
Page 948 and 949:
users store all personal documents.
Page 950 and 951:
yourself needing to roll back a Win
Page 952 and 953:
Figure 14-53 System Restore setting
Page 954 and 955:
4. What tool enables you to correct
Page 956 and 957:
storage devices, such as HDDs and S
Page 958 and 959:
The command prompt is popular for m
Page 960 and 961:
Windows shell is Command. On macOS
Page 962 and 963:
and press ENTER.Figure 15-2 The Win
Page 964 and 965:
EXAM TIP Spotlight (or Spot Light,
Page 966 and 967:
In Windows, if you see a prompt tha
Page 968 and 969:
Figure 15-6 File association in Fil
Page 970 and 971:
“Running a Program in Windows”
Page 972 and 973:
macOS and Linux prompts show your f
Page 974 and 975:
almost completely inflexible, so yo
Page 976 and 977:
NOTE Some commands give you the sam
Page 978 and 979:
We’ll discuss this output in more
Page 980 and 981:
OS on which everyone depended.In th
Page 982 and 983:
Try inserting an optical disc or a
Page 984 and 985:
NOTE Make sure that the prompt poin
Page 986 and 987:
on rm a little later in the chapter
Page 988 and 989:
Figure 15-10 Running mmc in Windows
Page 990 and 991:
see in black and white print!). The
Page 992 and 993:
Because you probably don’t have a
Page 994 and 995:
Wildcards in macOS and Linux work b
Page 996 and 997:
To delete all of the files in a dir
Page 998 and 999:
C:\Users\mike\Jedi>copy3. Type note
Page 1000 and 1001:
many years ago as an add-on tool fo
Page 1002 and 1003:
The chkdsk (checkdisk) command scan
Page 1004 and 1005:
gpupdateGroup policies define vario
Page 1006 and 1007:
Figure 15-15 Checking sfc options w
Page 1008 and 1009:
some amazing tasks. Figure 15-16 sh
Page 1010 and 1011:
macOS and Linux use special terms t
Page 1012 and 1013:
as it has two totally different typ
Page 1014 and 1015:
together:Note that grep shows us a
Page 1016 and 1017:
If apt-get finds any out-of-date pa
Page 1018 and 1019:
Figure 15-18 vi with textTo save yo
Page 1020 and 1021:
stand for “Disk Destroyer.” Thi
Page 1022 and 1023:
appropriate file extension will dep
Page 1024 and 1025:
languages (but they have many other
Page 1026 and 1027:
computer to remember the value by n
Page 1028 and 1029:
good idea, even if you don’t expe
Page 1030 and 1031:
Figure 15-19 Environment variables
Page 1032 and 1033:
A. helpB. ?C. manD. /?7. Which of t
Page 1034 and 1035:
CHAPTER 16Troubleshooting Operating
Page 1036 and 1037:
Figure 16-1 If you see this screen,
Page 1038 and 1039:
days old, you know it might have su
Page 1040 and 1041:
before you have problems. Go to Con
Page 1042 and 1043:
Figure 16-5 Download Windows 10 pag
Page 1044 and 1045:
Figure 16-7 Recovery Environment ma
Page 1046 and 1047:
Figure 16-9 WinRE Advanced options
Page 1048 and 1049:
• Restores critical system and dr
Page 1050 and 1051:
Figure 16-12 Windows Error Recovery
Page 1052 and 1053:
you are attempting to fix a Windows
Page 1054 and 1055:
Figure 16-15 Additional restore opt
Page 1056 and 1057:
For image recovery in Windows 10, m
Page 1058 and 1059:
Figure 16-20 Windows Memory Diagnos
Page 1060 and 1061:
NOTE You can find out more about Me
Page 1062 and 1063:
To make changes to the BCD store, y
Page 1064 and 1065:
up at boot.Figure 16-22 bootmgr sho
Page 1066 and 1067:
utility autochk runs after a reboot
Page 1068 and 1069:
Figure 16-23 Login screenSeveral is
Page 1070 and 1071:
Buggy video drivers can result in a
Page 1072 and 1073:
reg prompt. From there, you have nu
Page 1074 and 1075:
utility, and then click the Boot ta
Page 1076 and 1077:
Enable Low-Resolution VideoSelectin
Page 1078 and 1079:
You have two options to rebuild a p
Page 1080 and 1081:
Reboot the computer and log in as t
Page 1082 and 1083:
systems.Keep in mind that Event Vie
Page 1084 and 1085:
Figure 16-33 Created custom ViewsNO
Page 1086 and 1087:
Autoloading ProgramsWindows loves t
Page 1088 and 1089:
Figure 16-37 Autostarting a service
Page 1090 and 1091:
System Restore is the final step in
Page 1092 and 1093:
Figure 16-39 Printer troubleshootin
Page 1094 and 1095:
Figure 16-41 Security and Maintenan
Page 1096 and 1097:
Security and Maintenance/Action Cen
Page 1098 and 1099:
Figure 16-43 Apps & features in Set
Page 1100 and 1101:
Problems with UninstallingThe singl
Page 1102 and 1103:
Figure 16-47 Compatibility mode opt
Page 1104 and 1105:
or other files to Windows, overwrit
Page 1106 and 1107:
Figure 16-49 Repair and Reset optio
Page 1108 and 1109:
Figure 16-50 Previous Versions tab
Page 1110 and 1111:
Figure 16-51 System Protection tabN
Page 1112 and 1113:
D. System Refresh4. What can device
Page 1114 and 1115:
8. D. Jane should use the Windows M
Page 1116 and 1117:
Figure 17-1 Typical monitor and vid
Page 1118 and 1119:
image darker. That’s why many sun
Page 1120 and 1121:
Figure 17-4 Liquid crystal molecule
Page 1122 and 1123:
Figure 17-7 LCD pixelsOnce all of t
Page 1124 and 1125:
Figure 17-9 An LCD matrix of wiresI
Page 1126 and 1127:
Figure 17-12 LCD componentsLCD Pane
Page 1128 and 1129:
LED backlighting. The drawback is t
Page 1130 and 1131:
change the aspect ratio of many mon
Page 1132 and 1133:
Figure 17-16 Narrow versus wide vie
Page 1134 and 1135:
decisions on LCD screens.Color Dept
Page 1136 and 1137:
Figure 17-18 CRT projectorGiven tha
Page 1138 and 1139:
Figure 17-20 Projector throw variat
Page 1140 and 1141:
the streets of Paris from the comfo
Page 1142 and 1143:
translated into practical terms, li
Page 1144 and 1145:
Type-C connectors and cables lack T
Page 1146 and 1147:
Figure 17-28 DVI-to-VGA adapterAlte
Page 1148 and 1149:
stand for mounting two monitors sid
Page 1150 and 1151:
Figure 17-33 USB ports on monitorDi
Page 1152 and 1153:
CRT days). Plus, almost every syste
Page 1154 and 1155:
NOTE Many video cards come with a d
Page 1156 and 1157:
Figure 17-38 Wide path between vide
Page 1158 and 1159:
for system memory, cache memory, an
Page 1160 and 1161:
NOTE The installation steps in this
Page 1162 and 1163:
DriversJust like any other piece of
Page 1164 and 1165:
Figure 17-43 Vertically stacked mon
Page 1166 and 1167:
Figure 17-45 More Display Settings
Page 1168 and 1169:
Figure 17-47 My editor hard at work
Page 1170 and 1171:
Figure 17-49 Properties dialog box
Page 1172 and 1173:
Figure 17-51 Personalization Settin
Page 1174 and 1175:
Figure 17-53 Personalization applet
Page 1176 and 1177:
Figure 17-55 Dock optionsDifferent
Page 1178 and 1179:
information about the card, but the
Page 1180 and 1181:
3-D GraphicsNo other area in comput
Page 1182 and 1183:
seriously taxing the 486s and early
Page 1184 and 1185:
stores a number of image files call
Page 1186 and 1187:
Although they might accomplish the
Page 1188 and 1189:
• www.hardocp.com• www.tomshard
Page 1190 and 1191:
Figure 17-65 Serious video problemB
Page 1192 and 1193:
require internal adjustment. This i
Page 1194 and 1195:
Figure 17-66 Changing the size of t
Page 1196 and 1197:
cool off before you work on it. Aft
Page 1198 and 1199:
Figure 17-67 Example of a chromatic
Page 1200 and 1201:
research the compatibility of your
Page 1202 and 1203:
A. BacklightsB. InverterC. LampD. L
Page 1204 and 1205:
6. B. You’ll typically see video
Page 1206 and 1207:
asked, would say, “surf the Inter
Page 1208 and 1209:
special software capable of sending
Page 1210 and 1211:
a resource. The goal of networking,
Page 1212 and 1213:
Frames and NICsData is moved from o
Page 1214 and 1215:
The many varieties of frame share c
Page 1216 and 1217:
communicate just fine.Most modern E
Page 1218 and 1219:
Figure 18-9 A switchHubs and switch
Page 1220 and 1221:
Figure 18-10 Cable markings for Cat
Page 1222 and 1223:
Figure 18-12 RJ-45 pin numbersPlenu
Page 1224 and 1225:
as a quick way to connect two compu
Page 1226 and 1227:
EXAM TIP There are a number of Ethe
Page 1228 and 1229:
Figure 18-15 BNC connectorFigure 18
Page 1230 and 1231:
EXAM TIP For the CompTIA A+ exams,
Page 1232 and 1233:
NOTE A structured cabling system is
Page 1234 and 1235:
Figure 18-20 Horizontal cabling and
Page 1236 and 1237:
Figure 18-21 Solid and stranded cor
Page 1238 and 1239:
Figure 18-23 A floor-to-ceiling rac
Page 1240 and 1241:
Figure 18-25 Typical patch panelsTh
Page 1242 and 1243:
network tech’s best friend! Simpl
Page 1244 and 1245:
Figure 18-30 Typical patch cableRol
Page 1246 and 1247:
Figure 18-32 Properly stripped cabl
Page 1248 and 1249:
Figure 18-34 Crimping the cableFigu
Page 1250 and 1251:
Figure 18-36 Adding a bootAfter mak
Page 1252 and 1253:
Figure 18-38 Typical work area outl
Page 1254 and 1255:
is the Internet.Figure 18-40 Two br
Page 1256 and 1257:
D. SC, ST, or LC7. Microsoft Intern
Page 1258 and 1259:
CHAPTER 19Local Area NetworkingIn t
Page 1260 and 1261:
simple protocols into groups, calle
Page 1262 and 1263:
“255,” the class system is long
Page 1264 and 1265:
Figure 19-2 Typical SOHO routerA ro
Page 1266 and 1267:
Figure 19-4 Domain name serviceThe
Page 1268 and 1269:
Figure 19-5 IP settings on a Window
Page 1270 and 1271:
the default gateway and .2 through
Page 1272 and 1273:
Figure 19-7 WAN conceptFigure 19-8
Page 1274 and 1275:
Figure 19-9 The ping command’s sy
Page 1276 and 1277:
Figure 19-10 An ipconfig/ all comma
Page 1278 and 1279:
techs absolutely love the tool. Typ
Page 1280 and 1281:
Figure 19-13 Setting up IP4. Enter
Page 1282 and 1283:
Network Addressing with IPv6When th
Page 1284 and 1285:
First, leading zeros can be dropped
Page 1286 and 1287:
Figure 19-14 Link-local address in
Page 1288 and 1289:
NOTE A router solicitation message
Page 1290 and 1291:
Installing and Configuring a Wired
Page 1292 and 1293:
think a system is disconnected from
Page 1294 and 1295:
should know that a solid green ligh
Page 1296 and 1297:
enabling networking hardware to tre
Page 1298 and 1299:
Figure 19-23 Managed switch interfa
Page 1300 and 1301:
you must set both the network permi
Page 1302 and 1303:
Figure 19-25 Changing the workgroup
Page 1304 and 1305:
Figure 19-26 Windows logon screenNO
Page 1306 and 1307:
who created the folder is assigned
Page 1308 and 1309:
Figure 19-29 Advanced Sharing dialo
Page 1310 and 1311:
NTFS permissions, Deny always trump
Page 1312 and 1313:
very pretty way to protect user nam
Page 1314 and 1315:
NOTE Even though a computer is on a
Page 1316 and 1317:
Figure 19-36 Domain logon screenWhe
Page 1318 and 1319:
Figure 19-38 Active Directory Users
Page 1320 and 1321:
Figure 19-40 Removing a computer fr
Page 1322 and 1323:
Figure 19-42 Adding a new domain ac
Page 1324 and 1325:
Figure 19-44 Adding a logon script
Page 1326 and 1327:
Figure 19-45 totalhome.local domain
Page 1328 and 1329:
Figure 19-46 Default HomeGroup dial
Page 1330 and 1331:
Figure 19-48 The homegroup’s pass
Page 1332 and 1333:
EXAM TIP Remember that homegroups s
Page 1334 and 1335:
Figure 19-52 The Share with menuNot
Page 1336 and 1337:
NOTE To learn about accessing share
Page 1338 and 1339:
Figure 19-54 Windows 7 red X error
Page 1340 and 1341:
a loopback test. A loopback test se
Page 1342 and 1343:
TonersIt would be nice to say that
Page 1344 and 1345:
To trace a cable, connect the tone
Page 1346 and 1347:
The net use command is a command-li
Page 1348 and 1349:
Because the cache is temporary, you
Page 1350 and 1351:
computers?A. net sendB. show net_se
Page 1352 and 1353:
CHAPTER 20Wireless NetworkingIn thi
Page 1354 and 1355:
Figure 20-2 Wireless PCIe add-on ca
Page 1356 and 1357:
Figure 20-4 Smartphone with wireles
Page 1358 and 1359:
both power and a network connection
Page 1360 and 1361:
access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA
Page 1362 and 1363:
in direct contact with every other
Page 1364 and 1365:
as Internet connections and central
Page 1366 and 1367:
all—except on a CompTIA A+ exam q
Page 1368 and 1369:
vulnerable to attack. Although WEP
Page 1370 and 1371:
Let’s say you want to connect a W
Page 1372 and 1373:
Wireless Networking StandardsMost w
Page 1374 and 1375:
11 Mbps (with actual throughput ave
Page 1376 and 1377:
802.11x.Table 20-1 Comparison of 80
Page 1378 and 1379:
NOTE Apple and Linux computers also
Page 1380 and 1381:
some devices (such as a Bluetooth h
Page 1382 and 1383:
Ad Hoc ModeAd hoc mode wireless net
Page 1384 and 1385:
Most consumer WAPs have an integrat
Page 1386 and 1387:
analyzer to find the “quietest”
Page 1388 and 1389:
—the usual choices are either 64-
Page 1390 and 1391:
password can offer. Their networks
Page 1392 and 1393:
Figure 20-19 Changing the channelWi
Page 1394 and 1395:
use—anything within the signal ra
Page 1396 and 1397:
It’s a Polarizing Issue Antennas
Page 1398 and 1399:
Figure 20-23 Goggle Nexus receiving
Page 1400 and 1401:
Figure 20-24 macOS Bluetooth PAN co
Page 1402 and 1403:
As with any troubleshooting scenari
Page 1404 and 1405:
By the time you unpack your new WAP
Page 1406 and 1407:
Figure 20-26 Windows 10’s wireles
Page 1408 and 1409:
A. Hi-EncryptB. WEPC. WPAD. WPA23.
Page 1410 and 1411:
4. A. In ad hoc mode networks, all
Page 1412 and 1413:
How the Internet WorksThanks to the
Page 1414 and 1415:
Figure 21-2 Message traveling from
Page 1416 and 1417:
Figure 21-4 Electric Power Board (E
Page 1418 and 1419:
in Chapter 19. Wireless connections
Page 1420 and 1421:
Figure 21-7 Modem converting analog
Page 1422 and 1423:
Figure 21-9 A USB modemDial-Up Netw
Page 1424 and 1425:
then hear someone saying, “Hello?
Page 1426 and 1427:
house to install the DSL receiver,
Page 1428 and 1429:
in modern networking. Both DSL and
Page 1430 and 1431:
the Internet. Wireless access point
Page 1432 and 1433:
Figure 21-16 iPhone connecting over
Page 1434 and 1435:
NOTE LTE has become synonymous with
Page 1436 and 1437:
SatelliteSatellite connections to t
Page 1438 and 1439:
Figure 21-19 Common SOHO router wit
Page 1440 and 1441:
Figure 21-21 Configuration home pag
Page 1442 and 1443:
most people, but for some home user
Page 1444 and 1445:
Figure 21-24 Firmware update pageIn
Page 1446 and 1447:
Figure 21-25 A secure Web pageIn or
Page 1448 and 1449:
Refer to Chapter 19 if you need a r
Page 1450 and 1451:
other settings. Although all Web br
Page 1452 and 1453:
Figure 21-28 The Security tab in In
Page 1454 and 1455:
explaining the options available to
Page 1456 and 1457:
Configuring Other Web BrowsersI wan
Page 1458 and 1459:
Figure 21-31 Google Chrome Settings
Page 1460 and 1461:
sending and receiving stuff and thu
Page 1462 and 1463:
Figure 21-33 Windows 10 MailFile Tr
Page 1464 and 1465:
Figure 21-35 The Cyberduck FTP prog
Page 1466 and 1467:
every desk? Why not just use the ex
Page 1468 and 1469:
ever-handy ping, so try this!1. Run
Page 1470 and 1471:
Figure 21-39 Windows Remote Desktop
Page 1472 and 1473:
Figure 21-40 Creating a Remote Assi
Page 1474 and 1475:
Figure 21-41 VPN connecting compute
Page 1476 and 1477:
Figure 21-43 Endpoints must have th
Page 1478 and 1479:
Figure 21-45 VPN connection in Wind
Page 1480 and 1481:
something is, the more quickly flow
Page 1482 and 1483:
SNMP. The third, SMB, is more commo
Page 1484 and 1485:
Home Automation: ThermostatsYou can
Page 1486 and 1487:
Figure 21-50 Controlling lighting o
Page 1488 and 1489:
devices.Setting up these personal a
Page 1490 and 1491:
1. Can you get to other Web sites?
Page 1492 and 1493:
unavailable resources, such as no a
Page 1494 and 1495:
Figure 21-55 No WAN connectionSlow
Page 1496 and 1497:
Figure 21-56 QoSBeyond A+The areas
Page 1498 and 1499:
Figure 21-58 My editor playing Worl
Page 1500 and 1501:
C. 80 = HTTPSD. 22 = SSH8. What opt
Page 1502 and 1503:
CHAPTER 22VirtualizationIn this cha
Page 1504 and 1505:
Before virtualization, each OS need
Page 1506 and 1507:
Figure 22-2 Saving a snapshotEXAM T
Page 1508 and 1509:
Figure 22-4 Supervisor on a generic
Page 1510 and 1511:
Figure 22-6 Author’s busy VMware
Page 1512 and 1513:
Figure 22-9 Parallels DesktopThis i
Page 1514 and 1515:
Figure 22-10 Super Nintendo emulato
Page 1516 and 1517:
• Leave enough RAM for the hyperv
Page 1518 and 1519:
can “virtually” network them. D
Page 1520 and 1521:
with a switch. The answer is actual
Page 1522 and 1523:
Figure 22-15 Installing Hyper-V in
Page 1524 and 1525:
Figure 22-17 Creating a new VM in O
Page 1526 and 1527:
Figure 22-19 Setting the virtual dr
Page 1528 and 1529:
Figure 22-21 Fedora Workstation run
Page 1530 and 1531:
Server-Side VirtualizationWhen it c
Page 1532 and 1533:
Figure 22-24 Web interface for ESXi
Page 1534 and 1535:
handle on how it increases flexibil
Page 1536 and 1537:
on a single server that was also ho
Page 1538 and 1539:
Dropbox, Gmail, and Facebook, which
Page 1540 and 1541:
Figure 22-30 Amazon Simple Storage
Page 1542 and 1543:
Figure 22-31 Heroku’s management
Page 1544 and 1545:
EXAM TIP Know the differences betwe
Page 1546 and 1547:
Sometimes we can have our cake and
Page 1548 and 1549:
Resource PoolingAny time you can co
Page 1550 and 1551:
successes in getting people to move
Page 1552 and 1553:
D. Network as a Service8. Powerful
Page 1554 and 1555:
CHAPTER 23Portable ComputingIn this
Page 1556 and 1557:
Figure 23-1 An older notebook compu
Page 1558 and 1559:
(right)• Gaming laptops, which te
Page 1560 and 1561:
functional keyboard and a device to
Page 1562 and 1563:
surface to move the pointer, and ta
Page 1564 and 1565:
see everything I click or type, but
Page 1566 and 1567:
device that would operate unplugged
Page 1568 and 1569:
DisplayMost laptops support a secon
Page 1570 and 1571:
EXAM TIP The CompTIA A+ 1001 exam o
Page 1572 and 1573:
life.Figure 23-13 Wireless switchEX
Page 1574 and 1575:
Figure 23-15 34-mm and 54-mm Expres
Page 1576 and 1577:
Figure 23-16 Devices attached to US
Page 1578 and 1579:
clean up unwanted files. That said,
Page 1580 and 1581:
true! See if you can find one in yo
Page 1582 and 1583:
power is restored after an outage.O
Page 1584 and 1585:
power plan optionsNOTE While you ca
Page 1586 and 1587:
the Change advanced power settings
Page 1588 and 1589:
Figure 23-26 Offline Files dialog b
Page 1590 and 1591:
fail on laptops, causing overheatin
Page 1592 and 1593:
ShippingMuch of the storage and tra
Page 1594 and 1595:
and the shrinking size of portable
Page 1596 and 1597:
Now that you have the official line
Page 1598 and 1599:
Figure 23-31 Some of the Dell lapto
Page 1600 and 1601:
has, so the computer uses the page
Page 1602 and 1603:
removable batteries! Failure to dis
Page 1604 and 1605:
NOTE If you have a newer portable,
Page 1606 and 1607:
Figure 23-37 Inserting a replacemen
Page 1608 and 1609:
need to hunt down the part number u
Page 1610 and 1611:
Figure 23-39 CPU heat-sink and fan
Page 1612 and 1613:
display needs to happen. These are
Page 1614 and 1615:
device receives power, the outlet i
Page 1616 and 1617:
inconsistent reboots, graphical gli
Page 1618 and 1619:
Wireless Devices (Bluetooth, Wi-Fi,
Page 1620 and 1621:
are prone to unseating from any phy
Page 1622 and 1623:
D. Store them in a cool, dry place.
Page 1624 and 1625:
B. The laptop uses a CRT display.C.
Page 1626 and 1627:
Windows, macOS, or some Linux distr
Page 1628 and 1629:
Figure 24-1 RIM BlackBerry (courtes
Page 1630 and 1631:
large smartphones (without the phon
Page 1632 and 1633:
and media use, purpose-built e-read
Page 1634 and 1635:
body, and more sophisticated fitnes
Page 1636 and 1637:
Figure 24-9 VR headset/player (who
Page 1638 and 1639:
Mobile Hardware FeaturesMuch of the
Page 1640 and 1641:
When electrical engineers talk abou
Page 1642 and 1643:
Figure 24-13 Find My iPhone appStan
Page 1644 and 1645:
Figure 24-14 Turning off LocationEX
Page 1646 and 1647:
open standards. The terms are relat
Page 1648 and 1649:
Apple’s closed-source mobile oper
Page 1650 and 1651:
Figure 24-16 Android 8 (Oreo)Androi
Page 1652 and 1653:
ship devices preloaded with launche
Page 1654 and 1655:
Virtual assistants can also be usef
Page 1656 and 1657:
AMBER Alerts. Many of these emergen
Page 1658 and 1659:
Figure 24-19 Airplane mode enabled
Page 1660 and 1661:
the battery compartment of the mobi
Page 1662 and 1663:
Figure 24-21 IMEI and ICCID numbers
Page 1664 and 1665:
Figure 24-22 Configuring a VPNAn SS
Page 1666 and 1667:
areas of importance to techs. First
Page 1668 and 1669:
Figure 24-25 Apple Keynote on an iP
Page 1670 and 1671:
Figure 24-28 ASUS proprietary power
Page 1672 and 1673:
steps to set up a tablet with a Blu
Page 1674 and 1675:
32).Figure 24-32 Searching for Monu
Page 1676 and 1677:
store many non-Apple credentials as
Page 1678 and 1679:
Figure 24-34 Selecting the Settings
Page 1680 and 1681:
After you connect to a network succ
Page 1682 and 1683:
Figure 24-36 Passwords & Accounts s
Page 1684 and 1685:
primary account, so you’ll find G
Page 1686 and 1687:
process, the CompTIA A+ 1001 object
Page 1688 and 1689:
Synchronize to the AutomobileAutomo
Page 1690 and 1691:
You are at the mercy of the securit
Page 1692 and 1693:
need a 2.4-GHz CPU with two or more
Page 1694 and 1695:
proprietary vendor-specific ports a
Page 1696 and 1697:
Figure 24-43 Prompting for PINEXAM
Page 1698 and 1699:
Figure 24-44 Magnetic credit card r
Page 1700 and 1701:
connection and turn on an additiona
Page 1702 and 1703:
EXAM TIP Removable batteries can us
Page 1704 and 1705:
the options to enable the device.D.
Page 1706 and 1707:
9. C. To connect an Android-based t
Page 1708 and 1709:
happen across all varieties, types,
Page 1710 and 1711:
All of the mobile operating systems
Page 1712 and 1713:
On mobile devices, the term soft re
Page 1714 and 1715:
output. If it doesn’t, there may
Page 1716 and 1717:
manufacturer and remove and replace
Page 1718 and 1719:
NOTE This section details reasons a
Page 1720 and 1721:
can be a big clue. Use the recommen
Page 1722 and 1723:
Figure 25-4 Battery usage for a sma
Page 1724 and 1725:
location services, some small diffe
Page 1726 and 1727:
Frozen SystemWhile a mobile device
Page 1728 and 1729:
which one may actually be muting th
Page 1730 and 1731:
Figure 25-5 Option to disable cellu
Page 1732 and 1733:
Typically, a warning message will i
Page 1734 and 1735:
For an e-mail message to be secure,
Page 1736 and 1737:
A profile is a collection of config
Page 1738 and 1739:
scratch across the lens! You’ll g
Page 1740 and 1741:
and work on all the devices used in
Page 1742 and 1743:
and symptoms of malware infections.
Page 1744 and 1745:
25-12).Figure 25-12 Selecting items
Page 1746 and 1747:
something the user either is or som
Page 1748 and 1749:
Figure 25-14 Face ID optionsAuthent
Page 1750 and 1751:
from unapproved or unofficial sourc
Page 1752 and 1753:
Mobile OS and Application Security
Page 1754 and 1755:
Figure 25-16 A Wi-Fi analyzer app o
Page 1756 and 1757:
it’s full of molasses and constan
Page 1758 and 1759:
today?Backup and Restore Maintainin
Page 1760 and 1761:
periodically updated, but there is
Page 1762 and 1763:
and desktop, plus what was availabl
Page 1764 and 1765:
should always be weighed against th
Page 1766 and 1767:
NOTE Some of the most sophisticated
Page 1768 and 1769:
1. After five minutes of struggling
Page 1770 and 1771:
Answers1. C. After five minutes of
Page 1772 and 1773:
and concludes with troubleshooting
Page 1774 and 1775:
printwires, to strike an inked prin
Page 1776 and 1777:
Figure 26-4 Typical inkjet printerF
Page 1778 and 1779:
or deal with a messy refill kit.Pri
Page 1780 and 1781:
Printer speed is a key determinant
Page 1782 and 1783:
past the heating element; some rece
Page 1784 and 1785:
Figure 26-10 Components inside a la
Page 1786 and 1787:
roller is charged with an extremely
Page 1788 and 1789:
mirror, must be moved back and fort
Page 1790 and 1791:
Figure 26-12 3-D printerFigure 26-1
Page 1792 and 1793:
Figure 26-15 Managing a new 3-D pri
Page 1794 and 1795:
sends it out over the Internet or o
Page 1796 and 1797:
over GDI, including enhanced color
Page 1798 and 1799:
you push the front button on the Ep
Page 1800 and 1801:
manipulate by using a word processi
Page 1802 and 1803:
black-and-white images in any signi
Page 1804 and 1805:
Figure 26-23 Wonderfully descriptiv
Page 1806 and 1807:
EXAM TIP You’ll find print server
Page 1808 and 1809:
the complexity, or turning off RET
Page 1810 and 1811:
Figure 26-25 Charging the drum with
Page 1812 and 1813:
printer ejects the printed copy and
Page 1814 and 1815:
bombard the surface of the drum wit
Page 1816 and 1817:
printer automatically redirects the
Page 1818 and 1819:
Driver Installation policy to allow
Page 1820 and 1821:
EXAM TIP Windows-based printer shar
Page 1822 and 1823:
Figure 26-33 Options for finding ne
Page 1824 and 1825:
Figure 26-34 Installed default prin
Page 1826 and 1827:
We’ll hit group policy in Chapter
Page 1828 and 1829:
optimize printing for graphics or t
Page 1830 and 1831:
security and data privacy.Network S
Page 1832 and 1833:
error codes that indicate the probl
Page 1834 and 1835:
properties. In the resulting Proper
Page 1836 and 1837:
Figure 26-37 Page Setup options for
Page 1838 and 1839:
Color Prints in Wrong ColorIf you p
Page 1840 and 1841:
Don’t forget to replace the ink r
Page 1842 and 1843:
Figure 26-38 Inkjet printer mainten
Page 1844 and 1845:
Every inkjet printer has a differen
Page 1846 and 1847:
slip and jam paper. They are easily
Page 1848 and 1849:
the process.Laser Printer ProblemsL
Page 1850 and 1851:
cartridge.Embossed Effect If your p
Page 1852 and 1853:
hear popping noises; checking the c
Page 1854 and 1855:
7. Which one of the following port
Page 1856 and 1857:
CHAPTER 27Securing ComputersIn this
Page 1858 and 1859:
Not all unauthorized access is mali
Page 1860 and 1861:
this gambit, the attacker first lea
Page 1862 and 1863:
least afford for it to happen. Hard
Page 1864 and 1865:
PowerWe’ve covered power issues e
Page 1866 and 1867:
Figure 27-3 Air-conditioning vent i
Page 1868 and 1869:
you’ll almost certainly find a co
Page 1870 and 1871:
Lock Down SystemsOnce an attacker h
Page 1872 and 1873:
MAC Address FilteringIt’s far fro
Page 1874 and 1875:
Figure 27-6 BIOS/UEFI access passwo
Page 1876 and 1877:
To counter this problem, Blizzard E
Page 1878 and 1879:
where you place your eye up to a sc
Page 1880 and 1881:
for an access control list (ACL), a
Page 1882 and 1883:
Figure 27-14 Local Security PolicyL
Page 1884 and 1885:
• Minimum Password Length Forces
Page 1886 and 1887:
• Personally identifiable informa
Page 1888 and 1889:
plenty of open source programs with
Page 1890 and 1891:
The CompTIA A+ certification exams
Page 1892 and 1893:
printout at a printer and suddenly
Page 1894 and 1895:
stealing private information. A vir
Page 1896 and 1897:
Figure 27-18 Gator Corporation’s
Page 1898 and 1899:
network can be spoofed. Here are a
Page 1900 and 1901:
EXAM TIP For the exam, know that ra
Page 1902 and 1903:
safe(ish), but be suspicious of any
Page 1904 and 1905:
Figure 27-21 MalwarebytesSpam E-mai
Page 1906 and 1907:
might get automated replies from un
Page 1908 and 1909:
Figure 27-22 Windows 7 Action Cente
Page 1910 and 1911:
NOTE The term antivirus (and antisp
Page 1912 and 1913:
Figure 27-23 Attack site warningNob
Page 1914 and 1915:
anti-malware companies provide boot
Page 1916 and 1917:
before seems very sluggish.Many net
Page 1918 and 1919:
16), you have access to more repair
Page 1920 and 1921:
Figure 27-26 ASUS router as a firew
Page 1922 and 1923:
Figure 27-28 SPI firewall settings
Page 1924 and 1925:
Figure 27-30 Port triggeringIf you
Page 1926 and 1927:
Figure 27-32 Windows 10 Firewall se
Page 1928 and 1929:
Figure 27-33 Windows 10 network opt
Page 1930 and 1931:
Figure 27-35 Windows Defender Firew
Page 1932 and 1933:
scope of an A+ tech’s duties, the
Page 1934 and 1935:
Data EncryptionEncryption methods d
Page 1936 and 1937:
decrypt the incoming data. These pu
Page 1938 and 1939:
Figure 27-39 Incoming certificateWe
Page 1940 and 1941:
3. Which of the following tools wou
Page 1942 and 1943:
1. D. Social engineering is the pro
Page 1944 and 1945:
Organizations need documentation to
Page 1946 and 1947:
Figure 28-2 A sampling of Cisco net
Page 1948 and 1949:
Inventory ManagementTechs help orga
Page 1950 and 1951:
Change Management ProcessesA change
Page 1952 and 1953:
acceptance is vital for successful
Page 1954 and 1955:
Companies can and should secure all
Page 1956 and 1957:
Figure 28-6 Using a thumb drive to
Page 1958 and 1959:
NOTE There’s no guarantee data or
Page 1960 and 1961:
fit for image backups, it’ll help
Page 1962 and 1963:
hauling a shipping container stuffe
Page 1964 and 1965:
Figure 28-9 Users with local accoun
Page 1966 and 1967:
B. She should perform a risk analys
Page 1968 and 1969:
unforeseen and negative happens.5.
Page 1991:
220-1002 Exam Objectives
Page 2023 and 2024:
Seminars, but this is not required
Page 2025 and 2026:
In no event will McGraw-Hill Educat
Page 2027 and 2028:
Home page. Click the Resources tab,
Page 2029 and 2030:
typically by melting material (such
Page 2031 and 2032:
application) is legitimate. Usually
Page 2033 and 2034:
Intel specifically for video that r
Page 2035 and 2036:
selected peripherals. In 1996, APM
Page 2037 and 2038:
based IBM computer. Many aspects of
Page 2039 and 2040:
backlighting, and edge LED backligh
Page 2041 and 2042:
BIOS (basic input/output services)
Page 2043 and 2044:
the same signal.brightness control
Page 2045 and 2046:
modern digital camcorders record to
Page 2047 and 2048:
cellular wireless networks Networks
Page 2049 and 2050:
graphical Error checking tool.chmod
Page 2051 and 2052:
CMOS (complementary metal-oxide sem
Page 2053 and 2054:
compliance Concept that members of
Page 2055 and 2056:
Control Panel Collection of Windows
Page 2057 and 2058:
provider without obvious notice.dat
Page 2059 and 2060:
clusters. The result is an improvem
Page 2061 and 2062:
Disk Cleanup Utility built into Win
Page 2063 and 2064:
DLT (digital linear tape) High-spee
Page 2065 and 2066:
including all data, software, and c
Page 2067 and 2068:
dynamic range Gamut of color or int
Page 2069 and 2070:
end-user acceptance Change manageme
Page 2071 and 2072:
entry in the Security Log when cert
Page 2073 and 2074:
fiber optic cable High-speed cable
Page 2075 and 2076:
sophisticated fitness bands and wat
Page 2077 and 2078:
fully qualified domain name (FQDN)
Page 2079 and 2080:
needing to use dynamic disks.Google
Page 2081 and 2082:
hardware virtualization support Pro
Page 2083 and 2084:
HomeGroup A Windows feature that co
Page 2085 and 2086:
iCloud Apple cloud-based storage. i
Page 2087 and 2088:
impact printer Uses pins and inked
Page 2089 and 2090:
looking for active intrusions. Func
Page 2091 and 2092:
ISP (Internet service provider) Com
Page 2093 and 2094:
the head of sharks by bad guys. Not
Page 2095 and 2096:
liquid contact indicator (LCI) Smal
Page 2097 and 2098:
Mac Also Macintosh. Common name for
Page 2099 and 2100:
mass storage Hard drives, optical d
Page 2101 and 2102:
central processing unit (CPU).micro
Page 2103 and 2104:
mobile hotspot A mobile device that
Page 2105 and 2106:
multifunction device (MFD) See MFD.
Page 2107 and 2108:
outbound TCP/IP connections with th
Page 2109 and 2110:
nonvolatile Describes storage that
Page 2111 and 2112:
open source software Software for w
Page 2113 and 2114:
lines to a device, usually a very o
Page 2115 and 2116:
PCIe (PCI Express) Serialized succe
Page 2117 and 2118:
Phillips-head screwdriver Most impo
Page 2119 and 2120:
polymorphic virus Virus that attemp
Page 2121 and 2122:
power supply fan Small fan located
Page 2123 and 2124:
will be configured with a particula
Page 2125 and 2126:
Public folder Folder that all users
Page 2127 and 2128:
preceding address. This term is oft
Page 2129 and 2130:
remnant Potentially recoverable dat
Page 2131 and 2132:
dots to smooth out jagged edges tha
Page 2133 and 2134:
For example, an IP router looks onl
Page 2135 and 2136:
user interface (UI) will switch bet
Page 2137 and 2138:
Service Location Protocol (SLP) Pro
Page 2139 and 2140:
single rail Power supply configurat
Page 2141 and 2142:
software token Programming (usually
Page 2143 and 2144:
ST Type of fiber optic connector. S
Page 2145 and 2146:
increased speed.strong password Pas
Page 2147 and 2148:
system bus speed Speed at which the
Page 2149 and 2150:
tap Touchscreen gesture where you p
Page 2151 and 2152:
thermal paste Paste-like material w
Page 2153 and 2154:
topology The way computers connect
Page 2155 and 2156:
trusted root CA A highly respected
Page 2157 and 2158:
UPS (uninterruptible power supply)
Page 2159 and 2160:
intervals. The twists serve to redu
Page 2161 and 2162:
could run its own VM containing a v
Page 2163 and 2164:
WAN (wide area network) A widesprea
Page 2165 and 2166:
Windows PowerShell Command-line too
Page 2167 and 2168:
xcopy Command-line tool used to cop
Page 2169 and 2170:
10BaseT Ethernet, 807, 810, 118316:
Page 2171 and 2172:
active cooling, CPUs, 119Active Dir
Page 2173 and 2174:
Advanced Sharing, folders, 865-867A
Page 2175 and 2176:
answers, professional techniques fo
Page 2177 and 2178:
as apps in Windows 8/8.1, 44buildin
Page 2179 and 2180:
auditing, in Event Viewer, 1262-126
Page 2181 and 2182:
critical application, 1310-1312file
Page 2183 and 2184:
overview of, 407-408scanners, 1251B
Page 2185 and 2186:
Boot Configuration Data. See BCD (B
Page 2187 and 2188:
Thunderbolt, copper or fiber, 400US
Page 2189 and 2190:
CD-rewritable (CD-RW) discs, 432CD-
Page 2191 and 2192:
CL numbers, RAM latency, 148classes
Page 2193 and 2194:
synchronizing mobile device data to
Page 2195 and 2196:
command mode, vi text editor, 668-6
Page 2197 and 2198:
access control. See access controla
Page 2199 and 2200:
mass storage, 295-304mobile device
Page 2201 and 2202:
OEM CPU coolers, 119overview of, 11
Page 2203 and 2204:
cron command, scheduling maintenanc
Page 2205 and 2206:
Debugging mode, Windows, 710dedicat
Page 2207 and 2208:
troubleshooting limited connectivit
Page 2209 and 2210:
disaster prevention and recoverybac
Page 2211 and 2212:
Display Settings, Windows 10Advance
Page 2213 and 2214:
organization of, 872-873Windows, 86
Page 2215 and 2216:
dual inline memory modules. See DIM
Page 2217 and 2218:
effective permissions, 1255EFS (enc
Page 2219 and 2220:
error codeslaser printer, 1232troub
Page 2221 and 2222:
.exe extension, 495, 648executable
Page 2223 and 2224:
Registry and, 706failure to start n
Page 2225 and 2226:
Linux, 59macOS, 59overview of, 55-5
Page 2227 and 2228:
mobile device storage using, 1111ov
Page 2229 and 2230:
frame, replacing laptop, 1072Fraunh
Page 2231 and 2232:
UTP cabling for, 809gigabyte (GB),
Page 2233 and 2234:
configuring in Windows, 533-536grou
Page 2235 and 2236:
compatibility between OSs, 43CompTI
Page 2237 and 2238:
mobile device CPUs and, 100-101port
Page 2239 and 2240:
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Page 2241 and 2242:
network connection settings, 663-66
Page 2243 and 2244:
input/output services. See BIOS (ba
Page 2245 and 2246:
selecting CPU, 114-115socketed CPU
Page 2247 and 2248:
tiered concept of, 936-938troublesh
Page 2249 and 2250:
overview of, 835subnet mask, 835-83
Page 2251 and 2252:
Windows 8/8.1, 47keylogger malware,
Page 2253 and 2254:
paper not feeding, 1235periodic mai
Page 2255 and 2256:
levels, UAC, 569-571LGA (land grid
Page 2257 and 2258:
live CD, as complete OS on CD, 385-
Page 2259 and 2260:
MM (mega), in computing, 94M.2 form
Page 2261 and 2262:
scheduling, 589-590making directori
Page 2263 and 2264:
magnetic hard drives (HDDs), 290-29
Page 2265 and 2266:
microATX (mATX) motherboard, 209, 2
Page 2267 and 2268:
purpose-built, 1088-1089review Q &
Page 2269 and 2270:
unauthorized root access, 1175-1176
Page 2271 and 2272:
overview of, 205-206RAID, 217review
Page 2273 and 2274:
multimode fiber, single-mode fiber
Page 2275 and 2276:
Internet appliances, 1292-1293intru
Page 2277 and 2278:
Night light option, Windows 10, 769
Page 2279 and 2280:
your Total Seminars Training Hub ac
Page 2281 and 2282:
installation process, 461-462mobile
Page 2283 and 2284:
Ownership permission, NTFS, 544, 54
Page 2285 and 2286:
troubleshooting installation errors
Page 2287 and 2288:
internal modems connecting to, 942o
Page 2289 and 2290:
need physical connection to CPU, 16
Page 2291 and 2292:
defines aspect ratio of picture, 74
Page 2293 and 2294:
portsAndroid, 1114ATX form factor,
Page 2295 and 2296:
power suppliescooling, 276-281elect
Page 2297 and 2298:
automatic document feeder (ADF), 12
Page 2299 and 2300:
laser printing, 1205-1206overview o
Page 2301 and 2302:
purpose of change, 1306pwd (working
Page 2303 and 2304:
address bus and, 92-96audio editing
Page 2305 and 2306:
reading apps, dim display on mobile
Page 2307 and 2308:
company policies, 1303hazardous che
Page 2309 and 2310:
troubleshooting mobile security, 11
Page 2311 and 2312:
routersbackbone, 936-938connecting
Page 2313 and 2314:
connecting SSDs, 315-316internal op
Page 2315 and 2316:
secpol.msc command, accessing Local
Page 2317 and 2318:
Service Location Protocol (SLP), 98
Page 2319 and 2320:
Shrink Volume, without using dynami
Page 2321 and 2322:
emergency capabilities, 1105-1106en
Page 2323 and 2324:
Windows 8/8.1, 44-51Windows 10, 51-
Page 2325 and 2326:
Ethernet network, 807fiber, 947-948
Page 2327 and 2328:
computing process, 35-37CPU, 104-10
Page 2329 and 2330:
stranded core UTP cabling, 820, 824
Page 2331 and 2332:
credentials on iOS and, 1117issues,
Page 2333 and 2334:
mobile operating systems of, 1036ov
Page 2335 and 2336:
in Windows 8/8.1, 65-69in Windows 1
Page 2337 and 2338:
benefits of virtualization, 1000-10
Page 2339 and 2340:
technical support for, 1362TotalSim
Page 2341 and 2342:
RAM, 162-165video problems, 787-793
Page 2343 and 2344:
overview of, 564-568UBCD (Ultimate
Page 2345 and 2346:
updating drivers in macOS, 609-610v
Page 2347 and 2348:
printer/multifunction device connec
Page 2349 and 2350:
Windows 8 Task Manager, 511, 513USM
Page 2351 and 2352:
connectors, 754-758flat-panel, 738L
Page 2353 and 2354:
service layer cake, 1023-1028Softwa
Page 2355 and 2356:
VR (virtual reality) headsets, 753-
Page 2357 and 2358:
802.11b, 908-909802.11g, 909802.11n
Page 2359 and 2360:
viewing directory contents, 639XPS
Page 2361 and 2362:
accessing CLI, 68, 629-631chkdsk (/
Page 2363 and 2364:
Windows Store, purchasing apps, 47W
Page 2365 and 2366:
user names and passwords, 863-864wo
show all

CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?