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CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide

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single physical network into two or more distinct networks. Each virtual

local area network (VLAN) you create can talk with other computers within

the same VLAN, but not to computers on another VLAN. Here’s the cool

part. You can have a single switch with, say, 24 computers connected.

Normally, all 24 would be on the same network, right? But with a VLANcapable

switch, you can access the management console and assign physical

ports to different VLANs. You could assign ports 1 through 12 to VLAN100

and ports 13 through 24 to VLAN200. Computers connected to ports 12 and

13 wouldn’t even know the other computer was there. I’ll save the big

discussion of VLANs and cool things you can do with managed switches for

the CompTIA Network+ book in your near future.

Sharing and Security

Windows systems can share all kinds of resources across your network: files,

folders, entire drives, printers, faxes, Internet connections, and much more.

Conveniently for you, the scope of the CompTIA A+ certification exams is

limited to sharing a system’s files and folders, printers, multifunction devices,

and Internet connections. You’ll see how to share folders and printers now;

multifunction devices are discussed in Chapter 26, “Printers and

Multifunction Devices,” and Internet connection sharing is discussed in

Chapter 21.

Network Shares

When you share over a network, every OS uses specific network sharing

permissions to allow, restrict access, or deny access to shared resources.

These permissions do not have anything to do with file- or folder-level

permissions like you find in Windows with NTFS (covered in Chapter 13,

“Users, Groups, and Permissions”). But file- and folder-level permissions

definitely affect share permissions. Here’s the scoop.

On a non-NTFS volume like an optical media disc or a flash-media USB

drive, you have three levels of permission when using the default Sharing

Wizard: Read, Read/Write, and Owner, which are discussed later in this

chapter. With Advanced Sharing, the three permission levels are called Read,

Change, and Full Control.

If you share a folder on an NTFS drive, as you normally do these days,

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