environmental impact statement kilmainhamwood compost facility ...
environmental impact statement kilmainhamwood compost facility ... environmental impact statement kilmainhamwood compost facility ...
5361- Kilmainhamwood Compost Facility Extension- EIS Process Flow Diagram for Kilmainhamwood Compost Facility Recirculation of Oversize Materials The incoming feedstock, derived from commercial and domestic biowaste, will contain sufficient moisture to sustain the composting process. As a result, water usage is only required for the washing of trailers, equipment and floors. Water for washing will be utilised from the rainwater storage tank, the composting process will not place any demand on the onsite borehole. The facility building is fully bunded and therefore all waters from washing activities are contained and incorporated back into the composting process. The proposed extensions to the facility building will also be fully bunded. There will be no wash water or leachate transported out of the facility for treatment. 2.5.5 Composting Process Parameters Incoming Feedstock (40,000 tpa) Composting Process Screening of Materials ABP Treatment Finished Compost Material (8,280 tpa) For inspection purposes only. Consent of copyright owner required for any other use. Important parameters which affect the composting process are temperature, moisture, oxygen, substrate availability and C:N ratio. Temperature Micro-organism activity during composting releases large amounts of energy in the form of heat. Temperature can vary from ambient temperature to greater than 70 o C. As temperature is the controlled variable, effective monitoring is necessary. Temperature is monitored by means of temperature probes and the automated process control system with feedback to a computerised system in the facility manager’s office. Temperatures are maintained during the initial composting phase at 60 o C so that the 25 Moisture Losses (19,057 tpa) Dry Matter Losses (11,038 tpa) Residual Fraction (1,625 tpa) EPA Export 01-06-2010:03:55:51
5361- Kilmainhamwood Compost Facility Extension- EIS rate of decomposition is not compromised, and for greater than 70 o C for 1 hour for pathogen destruction at the Animal By-Product (ABP) treatment stage. Moisture The composting mixture, before being placed in the composting bays is adjusted to between 55% and 65% moisture by blending with amendment material. This ensures adequate water availability for the growth of micro-organisms while being sufficiently dry to prevent anaerobic conditions. Oxygen Oxygen levels throughout the process can range from 14% to 21% depending on the rate of activity within the pile. If there is insufficient oxygen, the process can go anaerobic. The composting process operates by supplying air continuously to the pile and maintaining aerobic conditions. Carbon to Nitrogen ratio The C:N ratio is used by the composting industry as a measure of a proper nitrogen balance. This is monitored regularly when samples of compost are sent for analysis. Generally C:N ratios of between 25 and 30 are adequate at the beginning of the composting process and reduce during the process to between 12 and 20. This is a good indication of compost stability. Substrate Availability The amount of different substrate within a compost formulation depends on the moisture content of incoming wastes. The amendments have consistent moisture levels. The appropriate substrate mixtures are blended so that the initial moisture content ranges from 55% to 65% moisture. 2.5.6 Water Usage For inspection purposes only. Consent of copyright owner required for any other use. The incoming feedstock, derived from commercial and domestic biowaste, will contain sufficient moisture to sustain the composting process. Indeed, as noted in Section 2.5.5 above, it is necessary to introduce amendment materials to reduce the moisture content of the blended feedstock to between 55% and 65%. As a result, water usage is only required for the washing of trailers, equipment and floors. Water for washing will be utilised from the rainwater storage tank, the composting process will not place any demand on the onsite borehole. The facility building is fully bunded and therefore all waters from washing activities are contained and incorporated back into the composting process. A water management plan is provided in Table 2.1, below, for the extended and intensified Kilmainhamwood Compost Facility: 26 EPA Export 01-06-2010:03:55:51
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5361- Kilmainhamwood Compost Facility Extension- EIS<br />
Process Flow Diagram for Kilmainhamwood Compost Facility<br />
Recirculation<br />
of Oversize<br />
Materials<br />
The incoming feedstock, derived from commercial and domestic biowaste, will contain sufficient<br />
moisture to sustain the <strong>compost</strong>ing process. As a result, water usage is only required for the washing of<br />
trailers, equipment and floors. Water for washing will be utilised from the rainwater storage tank, the<br />
<strong>compost</strong>ing process will not place any demand on the onsite borehole. The <strong>facility</strong> building is fully<br />
bunded and therefore all waters from washing activities are contained and incorporated back into the<br />
<strong>compost</strong>ing process. The proposed extensions to the <strong>facility</strong> building will also be fully bunded. There<br />
will be no wash water or leachate transported out of the <strong>facility</strong> for treatment.<br />
2.5.5 Composting Process Parameters<br />
Incoming Feedstock<br />
(40,000 tpa)<br />
Composting<br />
Process<br />
Screening of<br />
Materials<br />
ABP Treatment<br />
Finished Compost<br />
Material (8,280 tpa)<br />
For inspection purposes only.<br />
Consent of copyright owner required for any other use.<br />
Important parameters which affect the <strong>compost</strong>ing process are temperature, moisture, oxygen,<br />
substrate availability and C:N ratio.<br />
Temperature<br />
Micro-organism activity during <strong>compost</strong>ing releases large amounts of energy in the form of heat.<br />
Temperature can vary from ambient temperature to greater than 70 o C. As temperature is the controlled<br />
variable, effective monitoring is necessary. Temperature is monitored by means of temperature probes<br />
and the automated process control system with feedback to a computerised system in the <strong>facility</strong><br />
manager’s office. Temperatures are maintained during the initial <strong>compost</strong>ing phase at 60 o C so that the<br />
25<br />
Moisture Losses<br />
(19,057 tpa)<br />
Dry Matter Losses<br />
(11,038 tpa)<br />
Residual Fraction<br />
(1,625 tpa)<br />
EPA Export 01-06-2010:03:55:51