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Jewish historian Flavius Josephus described Jesus’ Crucifixion under Pontius Pilate and Jesus as a wise teacher and wonder-worker in his work Antiquities of the Jewish People. Aa VOCABULARY Babylonian Talmud: Compilation of Jewish oral law and other rabbinical material completed around AD 400. Portrait of Flavius Josephus, by Jan Caspar Philipsnaar. The Babylonian Talmud This Jewish source compiled Jewish oral law and other rabbinical material from prior centuries, was mostly written between AD 50–300 and completed around AD 400. It contains several references to Jesus, including His Crucifixion and His reputation for supernatural power. The Babylonian Talmud is especially notable as evidence since the passages indicate a rabbinical hostility toward Jesus, and their negative tone precludes any suspicion of Christian influence. In sum, Tacitus speaks to the historicity of Jesus’ trial and Crucifixion — naming both Pontius Pilate as procurator and Tiberius as Caesar. Josephus also speaks to Jesus’ Crucifixion under Pontius Pilate, explicitly mentioning Jesus as wise, authoritative, and as teacher and miracle worker. The Babylonian Talmud affirms Jesus’ Crucifixion and miracle working. © Sophia Institute for Teachers Unit 3, Chapter 7: Evidence for Jesus’ Divinity 127
St. Paul and the Apostles faced alienation, persecution, torture, and execution for claiming Jesus was divine. Kerygmas: Brief Christian texts that express simple credal teachings. These were the first proclamations of the Early Church, written within a decade of Jesus’ Death and Resurrection, and preserved in the New Testament within the Acts of the Apostles and the Letters of St. Paul. St. Paul Preaching in Athens, by Raphael. The Preaching of the Apostolic Church The earliest information we have about Jesus is found in the kerygmas — brief texts that proclaim in a relatively simple way the basic core teachings of the Gospel message (kerygma is Greek for “proclamation”). These were the first proclamations of the Early Church, written within a mere decade of Jesus’ Death and Resurrection. They have been preserved in the New Testament within the Acts of the Apostles and the Letters of St. Paul. (See: Acts 2:14–39; 3:13–26; 4:10–12; 5:30– 32; 10:36–43; 13:17–41; 1 Thessalonians 1:10; 1 Corinthians 15:1–7; and Romans 8:34.) These proclamations have eight repeated themes: 1. Jesus was a descendant of David. 2. Jesus was predicted by the Prophets. 3. Jesus worked miracles. 4. Jesus was crucified and buried for our sins (in all major kerygmas). 5. Jesus rose in glory (in all major kerygmas). 6. Jesus gave His disciples the Holy Spirit. 7. Jesus is now exalted in God. 8. Jesus is therefore, Messiah and Lord. 128 Apologetics I: The Catholic Faith and Science © Magis Center
Page 1 and 2: UNIT 3 CHAPTER 7 Evidence for Jesus
Page 3: Chapter 7 Follow the Evidence Thus
Page 7 and 8: Resurrected Jesus Christ with Thoma
Page 9 and 10: Soma Pneumatikon: Phrase coined by
Page 11 and 12: The unprecedented growth of the ear
Page 13 and 14: From Judaism to Christianity The te
Page 15 and 16: Jesus’ Resurrection shows us His
Page 17 and 18: an unprecedented teaching not found
Page 19 and 20: Straight to the Source ADDITIONAL R
Page 21: and persuasion was addressed not to

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