Index 303Foster, Hal, 231, 249 n. 9, 249 n. 12Foucault, Michel, 154 n. 72, 234, 249n. 24, 250 n. 28Fox, The, 86–90, 92 n. 8, 93 n. 22, 202Fox, Vicente, 168Frameline, 107Frank, Thomas, 284, 292 n. 25Frankfurt School, 255Franklin Furnace, 89, 199Fraser, Andrea, 215, 221 n. 55freedom, xii, 7, 9, 21, 24, 34, 37, 39 n.11, 45, 69, 108, 118, 125, 130, 146n. 6, 151 n. 39, 152 n. 43, 154 n.78, 159 n. 118, 195, 232, 236, 256,269 n. 2, 269 n. 11, 284–85, 290–91Free Radio Berkeley, 109Fukunaga Toyoko, 65functionalism, xv–xvi, 17–43Fusco, Coco, 149 n. 30, 154 n. 69, 160n. 123futurism, xi, 6, 15 n. 7, 38, 77Futurist Art Association (Mirai-haBijutsu Kyōkai), 49–50Gaga Contemporary Art, 59Gallizio, Giuseppe-Pinot, 21, 27, 34,41 n. 42Garciandía, Flavio, 120–21, 147 n. 8,148 n. 20, 148 n. 23, 150 n. 34, 150n. 38, 153 n. 58, 159 n. 120, 160n. 123gatt.org (Yes Men), 281Gear, William, 21geek, 2, 10, 13G8 (Group of Eight: global economicnations), 272, 277Gelatin, xiiGeneral Agreement on Trade inServices (GATS), 282General Idea (Toronto), 208–9, 214Genshoku (Tactile Hallucination), 49,63GenTerra (CAE project), 11Ghandi, 236GI Joe, 215Gilbert, Stephen, 21Gilbert and George, 78Gingeras, Alison M., xiiGitlin, Todd, 112 n. 1Glasnost, 115, 152 n. 43Goetz, Karl Otto, 21Goldbard, Arlene, 219 n. 26Gonzalez-Torres, Felix, 210, 215Gorz, André, 277, 292 n. 8governmentality, 259, 269 n. 6Graham, Dan, 81, 291 n. 4Gramsci, Antonio, 239, 250 n. 31Gran Fury, xiv, xvi, 208, 220 n. 34Grateful Dead (with Ken Kesey andthe Merry Pranksters), 194, 217 n. 2Greene, Rachel, 221 n. 50Greenholz, Marnie, 204Greenpeace (London), 277Groupe Amos, Le, 4, 223–51Group “I,” 49, 59–60Group Material, xii, 10, 132–33,193–94, 204–8, 210, 212, 215–16,220 n. 45, 247Group Ongaku (Group Music), 53, 55,56groupthink, 2, 12Grupo Hexágono, 144, 148 n. 20Grupo Proceso Pentágono, 165–90Grupo Provisional, 114–62Grupo Puré, 122, 123, 144Grupo Suma, 167, 172, 189 n. 13, 189n. 24Grupo Tetraedro, 167, 176, 189 n. 24Gudnason, Svavar, 20Guelman Gallery, 255Guerrilla Art Action Group (GAAG),xii, 198, 219 n. 20, 219 n. 24Guerrilla Girls, The, xiv, 186, 200Guevara, Che, 99, 125–26, 147 n. 15,147 n. 16, 152 n. 43, 161 n. 139Guilbaut, Serge, 39 n. 11GUN, 49, 65, 74 n. 62Gutai (Gutai Bijutsu Kyōkai; GutaiArt Association), 46–47, 49–52, 55,60, 69, 71 n. 1, 71 n. 3–5, 74 n. 44Gutov, D., 255Guyton, Tyree, 210Haacke, Hans, 132–34, 157 n. 104,157–58 n. 106, 186, 190 n. 38, 192,197, 230hacktivism, 2Halleck, Dee Dee, 102, 103, 196
304 IndexHallwalls (art space Buffalo), 201happenings, xi, xvi, 24, 96Haraway, Donna, 103Hardt, Michael, 292 n. 10, 292 n. 19Harris, Joshua (MUSCO), 198Harrison, Charles, 81, 83, 92 n. 7–9,13–14Harrison, Helen Mayer and Newton,92 n. 4Hart, Armando, 142, 145 n. 2, 149n. 29, 150 n. 36, 159 n. 118, 161n. 138, 161 n. 139Headwaters TV, 99Heerup, Henry, 20Heidegger, Martin, 263Heller, Preston, 86, 87Helsing, Storm van (Wctive artistplayed by Gareth James), 216Hemingway, Andrew, 217 n. 5Hendricks, Jon, 73 n. 29, 197, 219 n. 24Heresies, 200Higgins, Dick, 97, 201Híjar, Alberto, 179Hill, Christine, 215hip-hop culture, 12, 101, 203hippies, 97Hi Red Center, 44–75Hirschhorn, Thomas, 216HobbypopMuseum, xii–xiiiHobsbawm, Eric, 39 n. 13, 42 n. 65Holmes, Brian, 12, 15 n. 18Hori Kōsai, 50, 61, 62, 63, 71, 74 n. 53Horikawa Michio, 64, 65, 66, 71, 74 n.59, 74 n. 62Howells, Kim, 248 n. 3Howland, Rebecca, 204Hubbard, Jim, 105, 112 n. 11Huit Facettes, 222–51Hurrell, Harold, 80IAE, xv, 20, 22, 24, 25, 38identity, xiv, xvi, 8, 12, 14 n. 5, 54, 87,89, 96, 119, 123, 125, 128, 129,132, 133, 135, 140, 172, 216, 230,231, 254, 260, 268, 295ideology, 1, 17, 25, 27, 34, 39 n. 2, 41n. 49, 93 n. 24, 99, 117, 167, 170,193, 234, 249 n. 21, 260, 261, 266,269 n. 8, 277, 292 n. 8Ikemizu Keiichi, 65, 67, 68, 71Il Gesto (publication with MovimentoNucleare), 27Imaizumi Yoshihiko, 69, 75 n. 67imperialism, 2, 3, 55, 90, 99, 124, 128,155, 181Ina Ken’ichirō, 63–64, 66, 71, 74n. 55Independent Media Center (IMC),110–11indie records, 274individualism, xv, 24, 34, 37, 50, 54,69, 95, 97, 98, 116, 125, 144, 145,146 n. 5, 165, 166, 167, 175, 187,288Indra (weapons manufacturer), 287Industrial Paintings, 27, 34IndyMedia network, 213institutional critique, 61, 89, 133, 175,185–87, 206, 230, 247, 296institutionality, xvi, 4, 9, 18, 20, 46,48, 49, 57, 61, 63, 76–93, 119, 124,130, 130, 133, 146, 147 n. 8, 148n. 21, 161 n. 139, 171, 175, 176,185–87, 197, 206, 210, 214, 229,230, 236, 247, 249 n. 11, 275Instituto Superior de Arte, Havana(ISA), 121, 13, 145, 149 n. 29intermedia (interdisciplinary mergingof visual art, poetry, performance,music), 52, 201Internationale Lettriste, xv, 20, 21, 27,28International Monetary Fund (IMF),234, 250 n. 27, 285Internationale Situationniste (journal)Internationale Situationniste (SituationistInternational, SI), xv, 10,16–43, 97, 203, 213, 239 n. 28, 224,230, 267, 273, 277, 291 n. 2Internet, 2, 12, 109, 110, 213–15, 220n. 36, 221 n. 50, 275, 278, 279, 281,291Irigaray, Luce, 263–65, 267, 270 n. 13Islam, 2Isozaki Arata, 69Itoi Kanji (“Dada Kan”), 64Ivain, Gilles (Ivan Chtcheglov), 21Iwo Jima, 12
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▲COLLECTIVISMAFTERMODERNISM
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COLLECTIVISM▲AFTERMODERNISMThe Ar
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TO LOUISE AND ARIANA
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CONTENTS6. The Mexican Pentagon 165
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AcknowledgmentsThis book would not
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PrefaceThe collectivization of arti
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FIGURE P.1. Promotional poster for
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Prefacexvdirectly opposite individu
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Prefacexviiadmit a desire to see al
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Introduction: Periodizing Collectiv
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Introduction 3to increase their pro
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Introduction 5Modernist artists und
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Introduction 7Those good intentions
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Introduction 9and that helped give
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Introduction 11collectivism brings
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Introduction 13artists on Chicago
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Introduction 15Phase of the Cultura
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1. Internationaleries: Collectivism
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Internationaleries 19played a “us
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Internationaleries 21Rooskens, Euge
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FIGURE 1.2. Le “Realisme-Socialis
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Internationaleries 25and an active
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Internationaleries 27create a democ
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Internationaleries 29of the fourth
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Internationaleries 31Debord’s 196
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Internationaleries 33in which the n
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Internationaleries 35be demystiWed
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Internationaleries 37printing a ser
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Internationaleries 39NOTES1. Harold
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Internationaleries 4136. The exhibi
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Internationaleries 4377. Michel de
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2. After the “Descent to the Ever
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3. Art & Language and the Instituti
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Art & Language and the Institutiona
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Art & Language and the Institutiona
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Art & Language and the Institutiona
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FIGURE 3.4. Cover of Blurting in A&
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Art & Language and the Institutiona
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Art & Language and the Institutiona
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4. The Collective Camcorder in Arta
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The Collective Camcorder in Art and
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The Collective Camcorder in Art and
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The Collective Camcorder in Art and
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The Collective Camcorder in Art and
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5. Performing Revolution: Arte Call
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Performing Revolution 117developing
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Performing Revolution 119strictures
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Performing Revolution 121group, and
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Performing Revolution 123lies in Gr
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Performing Revolution 125problems i
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Performing Revolution 127Grupo Prov
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Performing Revolution 129from withi
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FIGURE 5.3. Art-De (Juan-Sí Gonzá
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Performing Revolution 133the museum
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Performing Revolution 135distribute
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Performing Revolution 137reason for
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Performing Revolution 139which cons
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Performing Revolution 141in which t
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Performing Revolution 143perhaps be
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Performing Revolution 145These priv
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Performing Revolution 1478. Gerardo
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Performing Revolution 14926. In 199
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Performing Revolution 151which appr
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Performing Revolution 155boy in que
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Performing Revolution 159And I beli
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Performing Revolution 161structures
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6. The Mexican Pentagon: Adventures
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The Mexican Pentagon 167grupos (the
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The Mexican Pentagon 169It was agai
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The Mexican Pentagon 171Bellas Arte
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The Mexican Pentagon 1735 million i
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The Mexican Pentagon 175Wlled it wi
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The Mexican Pentagon 177Ehrenberg a
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The Mexican Pentagon 179of a campai
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The Mexican Pentagon 181(including
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The Mexican Pentagon 183contributed
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The Mexican Pentagon 185criticisms,
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The Mexican Pentagon 187material fo
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The Mexican Pentagon 18911. The gro
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7. Artists’ Collectives: Focus on
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Artists’ Collectives Mostly in Ne
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Artists’ Collectives Mostly in Ne
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Artists’ Collectives Mostly in Ne
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Artists’ Collectives Mostly in Ne
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Artists’ Collectives Mostly in Ne
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FIGURE 7.7. Doug Ashford of Group M
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Artists’ Collectives Mostly in Ne
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8. The Production of Social Space a
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The Production of Social Space as A
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FIGURE 8.3. Le Groupe Amos, Peuple
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The Production of Social Space as A
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The Production of Social Space as A
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The Production of Social Space as A
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