[Blake_Stimson,_Gregory_Sholette]_Collectivism_aft(z-lib

256 Irina Aristarkhova
At various points in his writings, Anatoly Osmolovsky has tried
to address this crisis of representation without throwing out the idea of politically
engaged art altogether. For him, “the absence of true knowledge of the
world, the collapse of homogenous social structures and subcultures, and the
impossibility of developing a logical behavior inevitably make us deny one
of the main political principles of social governance—the principle of representation.”
He continues thus in his inXuential 1998 article:
The whole democratic parliamentary and party system is based on the principle of representation.
Their profession is to express our opinion! But isn’t it the main goal of a modern
leftist to create the social conditions through which each would have his own opinion
and thus would be free from the totalizing state machine? Maybe Lenin’s famous catchphrase
“Every kitchen-maid will be able to rule a country” was the establishment of every
ordinary member of society having his own personal opinion within Communism? Moreover,
this very presence of personal opinion can be the warranty and the carte blanche
for any pretension to any kind of governance.
Don’t be afraid of insane ideas—they are never clinically insane! Singularity and
the intensive “drive” of thinking is the sign of modern competence! Did anyone think
why Zhirinovsky won the 1994 election (and in 1996 proved that his success was not an
accident)? Only due to that competency! 3
Such reXexivity and vigilance to not speak for others is something
that was, and still remains, an ill-articulated issue in Russian contemporary
art, and it is often disguised as a response to Western superWcial political
correctness. According to many hasty critics, such singularity disables politics—it
puts the artist in a situation of silence and impotence, with no basis
for action or its justiWcation. “And what are we to do now,” such critics ask,
“nothing?” Even though we might disagree with Osmolovsky’s transfer of
the question of representation from politicians to artists, his insistence that
reXexivity is the most important question for politically engaged art had a
unique vitality in an era of apathy.
The main action the group is known for and that made their work
signiWcantly distinct is one that is directly connected to the Russian elections
and leftist thought—the Against All Parties Campaign, a project that
included street actions, publications, and exhibitions. The Against All Parties
Campaign work exploited the typical election process. In addition to the
actual standing political candidates and party afWliations, the Russian ballot
has one further line that reads “Against All Parties, Groups, and Candidates.”
As such, if a voting person strongly feels that none of the candidates
satisfy his or her demands in elections, he or she can express this by choosing
the vote option “Against All.” Osmolosvky’s project made a political
campaign advocating for this particular option. Additionally, according to
the current Russian election law, if other candidates or parties receive less
votes than the “Against All” candidate (as they term such a ballot option