ENVISIONING THE MOON VILLAGE - Space Architecture Design Studio SS2018

HB2

Envisioning the Moon Village

Space Architecture Design Studio SS 2018

Department of Building Construction and Design

Institute of Architecture and Design

Vienna University of Technology


Space Architecture Design Studio SS 2018

Building Construction and Design 2



2018


Space Architecture Design Studio 2018

Published by



Building Construction and Design 2 - HB2

Prof. Gerhard Steixner (Head of Department)

www.hb2.tuwien.ac.at

Editors

Dr. Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger

Editorial assistants

Sabrina Kerber, Mohammad Elzahaby, Gözde Yilmaz,

Emirhan Veyseloglu, Irene Schindl

Original text and projects by students

Proofreading by Evelyn Zünd

Coverdesign

Günes Aydar, Mohammad Elzahaby

Copyright

Department HB2, authors, students, photographers

© 2018

Building Construction and Design 2 - HB2


Print

Vica Druck

This project has received funding from the European Space

Agency and the Austrian Ministry for Transport, Innovation

and Technology.

Content

The Idea of the Moon Village 6

Design Studio Approach 8

Instructors / Lecturers 10

Students / Project Overview 16

The Moon Village Workshop 20

Space Architecture Workshop 26

Final Presentation and Panel Discussion 30

Projects 38

HB2 | ENVISIONING THE MOON VILLAGE

The Idea of the

MOON VILLAGE

In 2016, Director General of ESA, Jan Wörner, introduced his

idea called MOON VILLAGE about future possibilities for

international cooperation for human spaceflight. This idea

was the starting point for the 2018 Moon Village design

studio at the Vienna University of Technology. During the

intensive semester course, 35 master students developed

hypothetical scenarios for a future Moon Village. The studio

was supported by the European Space Agency (ESA),

and several space experts from space-related entities

accompanied the studio with theme-specific lectures and

workshops. Incorporating the technical, environmental and

operational requirements of building and living on the Moon,

all projects present the multi-cultural and open concept of

the Moon Village.

„If I say Moon Village, it does not mean single houses,

a church, a town hall and so on. No, that would be

misleading. My idea only deals with the core of the

concept of a village: people working and living together

in the same place. And this place would be on the

Moon. In the Moon Village, we would like to combine

the capabilities of different spacefaring nations with

the help of robots and astronauts. The participants

can work in different fields, perhaps they will conduct

pure science and perhaps there will even be business

ventures like mining or tourism. […] A village starts with

the first house.“ (ESA, Jan Wörner)

The idea of the Moon Village is not yet a real project, nor an

active ESA programme. It represents an intention or rather

a vision for exploring the Moon on an international level. The

term ‘village’ is a synonym for a community that is open to

any interested parties to join forces and share interests and

capabilities. In that, it includes astronaut activities, as well

as robotic endeavours for scientific, technical, commercial

and touristic activities. The Moon Village idea has gained

momentum and led to a number of international discussions,

activities and networks (cf. Moon Village Association, etc.).

6

STUDIO APPROACH

7


Design Studio

Approach

Discussing the Moon Village with Piero Messina

The Moon Village design studio took place from March to

June 2018 at the Vienna University of Technology. During

this time, 13 concepts based on the Moon Village idea were

developed and elaborated by the students with support

from ESA and various space experts.

To begin with, the students had to prepare for the most

important issues of lunar habitation. All lunar facilities,

including habitats and transportation systems, are

dependent on the lunar environment. Environmental and

operational constraints include radiation, micrometeoroids,

gravity, dust mitigation, temperature extremes and diurnal

cycle, as well as atmospheric conditions.

Other challenges related to human activities include food

production, storage and recycling, hygiene and waste

collection. Social constraints and challenges include

intensive social interaction and isolation, personal space

and territorial issues. Each student team researched and

presented selected themes. Research topics encompassed:

Moon Characteristics and Environmental Challenges, Lunar

Missions and Science Opportunities, The Architecture of the

International Space Station, Lunar Habitats and Associated

Facilities and Technical Systems, Habitat Typologies and

Construction Possibilities, Life Support Systems and

Greenhouses, Robotics and Industrial Manufacturing,

Human Factors and Habitability, as well as Lunar Bases in

Science Fiction. A comprehensive list of relevant scientific

papers and literature was provided in our library at the

department.

The 3-month course was designed to include input lectures

from various space experts and professionals. The first

guest lecture was delivered by Piero Messina on the ESA

idea of the Moon Village. He asked the students to think

of new programmes. Prof. Irmgard Marboe provided an

input on space policy and space law. Austrian astronaut

Franz Viehböck talked with the students about his life

onboard the space station Mir. With Christophe Lasseur

the students had the possibility to discuss their ideas on life

support system, greenhouse and in-situ-resources. Gernot

Groemer shared some experiences of the analog missions

by the Austrian space forum and gave additional input on

moon-relevant physical facts.

8

STUDIO APPROACH

Lecture on space law by Irmgard Marboe

Meeting the Austrian astronaut Franz Viehböck

Input session on moon-relevant physics with Gernot Groemer

Discussing life support with Christopher Lasseur

9


Studio Director,

Tutors, Lecturers

and

Guest Critics

Tutors, lecturers and guest critics in alphabetical order

Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger

Space Architect | Habitability Researcher

TU Vienna, HB2

Studio Director

Dr. Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger is senior

lecturer at the Institute for Architecture

and Design. Her teachings include design

courses in space architecture and extreme

environment architecture and a

regular course on ‘Emerging Fields in

Architecture’. She is an architect at

space-craft Architektur and expert in

habitability design solutions for extreme

environments. She has worked and collaborated

on several aerospace design

projects. Sandra has published several

scientific papers and is author of the

books Architecture for Astronauts - An

Activity Based Approach (Springer 2011)

and Space Architecture Education for

Engineers and Architects - Designing

and Planning Beyond Earth (Springer

2016).

10

TUTORS | LECTURERS | GUEST CRITICS

Marlies Arnhof

Young Graduate Trainee

ESA

Tutor Space Architecture Workshop

Marlies Arnhof is a young graduate trainee

in the field of Space Architecture and

Infrastructure at ESA/ESTEC, where she

is a member of the Advanced Concepts

Team (ACT). She graduated from Vienna

University of Technology with a MSc in

Architecture. During her master’s with

Dr. Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger, she

focussed on architecture for extreme

environments. For her paper on her

diploma project Design of a Human

Settlement on Mars Using In-Situ

Resources she received the Best Student

Paper 2016 Award from the American

Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics

(AIAA). At the ACT her main research

interests are in-situ resource utilisation

for construction on the lunar and

planetary surfaces and user-architecturetechnology

interaction in isolated,

confined, extreme (ICE) environment

research-bases.

Miriam Dall‘Igna

Design Systems Analyst

Foster + Partners

Lecturer & Tutor Space Architecture

Miriam Dall‘Igna has experience in

designing and researching complex

structures for manufacturing and

construction. She joined Foster+Partners

in 2008 and has worked with additive

manufacturing since then as one of her

main design tools. Part of her tasks are

the experimentation and implementation

of state of the art software and hardware

to architectural practice. She is currently

focusing on the research of goal-oriented

autonomous robotic systems and additive

manufacturing for large scale construction

in harsh environments. Her background is

in architecture and computer science.

Norbert Frischauf

Physicist | OffWorld

Lecturer Moon Village Workshop

Dr. Norbert Frischauf is currently a

partner at SpaceTec Partners and

co-founder and chief scientific officer of

Off-World, Inc. Norbert is an accomplished

technologist with a comprehensive

insight in diverse industrial and scientific

sectors including experimental physics,

electrical engineering and aerospace

engineering. As such he has worked at

CERN, the European Space Agency

(ESA), the German Aerospace Center

(DLR), as well as several national

government agencies across Europe and

the European Commission (EC). Norbert

is a leading member in various associations

(such as IAA, OEWF), an active science

communicator and a keen aerobatic pilot.

11


foto: Voggeneder

Bernhard H. Foing

Lunar Scientist | ESA

Lecturer Moon Village Workshop

Prof. Foing obtained his PhD in

Astrophysics and Space Techniques. In

1993, he joined ESA as staff scientist,

where his varied roles have included being

a co-investigator for missions such as

SOHO, Mars Express, Expose-Organics

on ISS and COROT. He has been a project

scientist for SMART-1, the first ESA

spacecraft to travel to the Moon. He

serves as executive director of the

International Lunar Exploration Working

Group (ILEWG), is professor at Vrije

Universiteit Amsterdam and member of

the IAA. He coordinated ILEWG design

studies and field campaigns to support

the preparation to future bases on the

Moon and Mars.

Gernot Grömer

Astrobiologist | Director Austrian Space

Forum

Tutor Moon Facts

Dr. Gernot Groemer is the director of the

Austrian Space Forum; he is an alumni of

the International Space University and

holds a PhD in Astrobiology. He teaches

at the University of Innsbruck in the field

of Mars exploration and Astrobiology.

Moreover, he is a lecturer at various

universities and is a member of the Board

of Mentors of the Space Generation

Advisory Council. Gernot is an active

analog astronaut at the Austrian Space

Forum logging 113 simulated EVA-hours

and a total of 30 min of zero-gravity. He

led more 13 Mars expedition simulations

and coordinates the development of the

experimental spacesuit simulator

Aouda.X.

David Kendall

Physicist | ISU faculty member

Guest Critic Final Presentation

Dr. Kendall is the past chair of the United

Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses

of Outer Space (2016-2017). During his

career he has held senior positions with

the Canadian Space Agency including as

the director general of Space Science

and Space Science and Technology. He is

also an adjunct faculty member of the

International Space University based in

Strasbourg, France. He holds an

undergraduate degree in Physics from

the University of Swansea, UK, and

masters and doctoral degrees from the

University of Calgary in Atmospheric

Physics. In 2002, Davidl was awarded the

Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal

in recognition of his significant

contributions and achievements to

Canada.

12


Christian Köberl

Scientist | Director | Natural History

Museum

Panelist Final Presentation

Dr. Christian Köberl is director general of

the Natural History Museum in Vienna.

He is also full professor and chair of

Impact Research and Planetary Geology

at the University of Vienna. Christian

Köberl is a well-known reseacher with his

investigations of meteorite impact craters

and the determination of extraterrestrial

components in impact-related rocks. In

2006, an asteroid was named after him.

He is a member of the Austrian Academy

of Sciences and has published over 450

peer-reviewed research publications.

Since his involvment, the Natural History

Museum has increased the quality and

visibility of scientific research at the

museum.

Christophe Lasseur

Head of MELiSSA project | ESA

Lecturer Life Support Systems

Dr. Christophe Lasseur is the European

Space Agency coordinator of life support

R&D activities, head of MELiSSA project

and ESA representative of the

International Space Station medical

board: microbial safety. He is also an

ECLSS certified instructor for European

astronauts and has a PhD in Bio-

Engineering from Compiegne University

of Technology. From 2000 to 2010, he

chaired the International Life Support

Working Group, which involved NASA,

JAXA, CSA, RSA and ESA. Since 2012 he

chairs the life support sessions (F4) of

COSPAR. He regularly teaches in several

European engineering schools (e.g. KTH,

EPFL, Agro-Paris). In March 2017, he

received a Doctor Honoris Causa from

Antwerpen University (Belgium).

Irmgard Marboe

Professor of International Law | UNIVIE

Lecturer Space Law

Prof. Irmgard Marboe is professor of

international law at the Department of

European, International and Comparative

Law at the Law Faculty of the University

of Vienna. She is the head of the Austrian

National Point of Contact (NPOC) for

Space Law of the European Centre for

Space Law (ECSL) and member of the

Space Law Committee of the International

Law Association. From 2008 to 2012, she

was the chair of the Working Group on

National Space Legislation of the Legal

Subcommittee of UN Committee for the

Peaceful Use of Outer Space. She

authored and co-authored numerous

books and articles on space law. She was

a founding member and legal advisor of

the Moon Village Association, which was

established in Vienna in November 2017.

13


Piero Messina

ESA Director General‘s Cabinet | ESA

Rumi Nakamura

Physicist | IWF

David A. Nixon

Space Architect | Astrocourier

14

Lecturer Moon Village Vision

Piero Messina has been working on the

ESA’s space exploration programme

Aurora since its inception. In 1991, he

joined the European Space Agency, where

he held several positions in the field of

financial and project management. He

served as coordinator with the director of

Industrial Matters and Technology

Programmes. He was responsible for

education policies and relations with

European higher education institutions

until 2003. He holds a degree in Political

Science, International Economic Relations

from the University of Florence and a

Master in Space Studies (MSS) from the

International Space University in

Strasbourg. Currently he works in the

Director General’s Cabinet and ESA’s

Strategy Department.

Guest Critic Moon Village Workshop

Dr. Rumi Nakamura, a group leader at the

Space Research Institute (IWF), the

Austrian Academy of Sciences and a

docent at University of Graz, participated

in a number of ESA and NASA physics

missions and is currently leading the

Active Spacecraft Potential Control

(ASPOC) instrument for the

Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS)

mission. She is an author of more than

360 refereed publications and was

awarded the Tanakadate Award in 2005

and the Julius-Bartels Medal in 2014. In

2018, she was elected the American

Geophysical Union (AGU) Fellow. She

currently is a member of the Board of

Trustees of the International Academy of

Astronautics. She worked on ideas for the

Deep Space Gateway, a crewed spaceship

in lunar vicinity.

Tutor Space Architecture Workshop

David Nixon was among a handful of

architects to work on the early design of

the Space Station in the mid-1980s. He

has worked on many space and

transportation projects for clients, ranging

from government agencies to cities,

private companies and start-up ventures

in the US and Europe, including NASA,

ESA, JPL, British Aerospace, Alenia

Spazio, McDonnell Douglas, Spacehab,

Kistler Aerospace Corp. and Rotary

Rocket Company. In 2007, he designed a

physics experiment kit to boost student

interest in space and flew a prototype on

ESA’s Foton-3 mission and a simulated

zero-g Airbus flight. He has authored

many technical space papers and written

a book on the design history of the ISS,

titled International Space Station -

Architecture beyond Earth (Circa Press,

2016).


Additional Acknowledments

We would like to thank the following

experts for supporting the work of

individual students:

Dumitru-Dorin Prunariu

Cosmonaut | ASE

Panelist Final Presentation

Dumitru-Dorin Prunariu is a Romanian

cosmonaut and flew into space aboard

the Soyuz 40 and Salyut 6 laboratory. He

was a founding member of the Association

of Space Explorers and was elected for a

three year term as the president of ASE

International. Since 1993, he has been the

permanent representative of the

Association of Space Explorers at the

United Nations Committee on the

Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS)

sessions. In 2004, he was elected as

chairman. For his engagement in raising

public awareness about the asteroid

impact hazard and help protecting planet

Earth, he was declared 1 st Official Asteroid

Day Ambassador. He has received several

high-ranking awards, including the Social

Sciences Award of the International

Academy of Astronautics.

Franz Viehböck

Cosmonaut | CEO | Berndorf AG

Lecturer Life in Space

Franz Viehböck is the assigned CEO of

Berndorf AG for 2020. He is also a

scientist and Austria‘s first cosmonaut.

Franz Viehböck studied electrical

engineering at the TU Vienna and was

selected to serve as the first Austrian

astronaut aboard the Austromir 91

mission. Subsequently, he worked for

Rockwell as programme-Development

manager of the Space-Systems-Division

and for Boeing as director for international

business development of the Space

Systems Group. Since 2000, he is also the

technology consultant of the province of

Lower Austria. He has been working for

the Austrian company Berndorf since

2002, where he currently is a member of

the board of directors.

Manuela Aguzzi, astronaut instructor, at

Space Applications Services, for her input

on astronaut training activities.

For providing research input related to

plant and greenhouse research:

Don Barker, planetary scientist.

Marc Cohen, spacearchitect.

Vittori Rossetti, space engineer.

Tomas Rousek, spacearchitect.

Franz Kerschbaum, professor of

astronomy at the University of Vienna for

his input on astronomy on the far side of

the Moon.

Claudio Maccone, director for scientific

space exploration, International Academy

of Astronautics, for providing his papers

on The Lunar Farside Telescope.

15


The Students

Students in project order

Günes Aydar (p.38)

Gözde Ylmaz (p.38)

Emirhan Veyseloglu (p.38)

Baris Dogan (p.50)

Iuliia Oblitcova (p.50)

Sabrina Kerber (p.64)

Theresa Brock (p.64)

Mohammad Elzahaby (p.64)

Katharina Lehr Splawinski (p.78)

Alexander Garber (p.78)

Leona Asrin Palantöken (p.90)

Irina Panturu (p.90)

Marius Valente (p.90)

Bernhard Redl (p.104)

Marta Mion (p.104)

Martina Meulli (p.104)

Simon Sekereš (p.112)

Luka Slivnjak (p.112)

Esat Sehi (p.122)

Amila Imamovic (p.128)

16

THE STUDENTS

17


Aleksandar Mrkahic (p.128)

Tetiana Frych (p.134)

Patrcik Rychtarik (p.134)

Polina Baliuk (p.134)

More projects (p.144)

Alexandros Ioannou-Naoum

Nadja Drageljevic

Daniel Can Wittek

Domagoy Krhen

Lovro Koncar-Gamulin

Two Aerospace Engineering students from FH Wiener Neustadt took part in the first workshop:

Kaarel Repän

César Sánchez

18

THE STUDENTS

19


Workshop

THE

MOON VILLAGE

The aim of the two-day workshop was to discuss relevant

issues prior to the design of the Moon Village architecture.

In order to prepare for the workshop, students prepared

posters on the topic of the Moon Village. Rumi Nakamura,

scientist from OEAW, joined us for the preliminary

presentation. Input lectures from ESA Moon specialist,

Bernard Foing, and space systems specialist Norbert

Frischauf enlivened the discussion among the students.

Former diploma student of the TU Vienna and current

YGT at ESA, Marlies Arnhof, supported the students with

valuable input. Additionally, space engineering students

from the FH Wr. Neustadt joined the workshop.

During the workshop, the students teamed up to produce

reports on five key topics, which are summarised below.

Presenting the Moon Village idea

20

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange-Punkte#/media/File:L2_rendering_de.jpg

ozdemir; 2012

THE MOON VILLAGE WORKSHOP - WORKGROUP REPORTS

Working Group 1: Explore Together

This working group highlighted the importance of cultural

diversity, tolerance and equality. Open questions include

the form of responsibility and universal laws. The group

proposed multifunctional shared spaces, which would not

only save resources and physical space itself, but also create

new lifestyles that could change the way we live our lives.

Working Group 2: Resources

This working group summarised resources available on the

Moon, such as solar power or substances contained in

the lunar soil, like oxygen, hydrogen, helium-3, aluminium.

In particular, they highlighted potential in-situ-resource

utilisation processes. In addition to open technical questions,

the group was concerned about future stakeholders,

environmental damages and ethical consequences of

moon-mining. Considerations comprise the impact on

future generations, importance of the moon’s role in human

culture, stakeholders in lunar heritage and the visual impact

from Earth.

Technische Universität Wien

Master programme Architecture

Coming soon S.S. 2018

the

MOON VILLAGE

Design Studio Space Architecture:

Envisioning the “Moon Village”

Professor:

Häuplik-Meusburger, Sandra

MOON VILLAGE

MoonNET from Digital to Analog

Moon Village vs Moon Base

Moon Village development

10 years

30 years

100 years

Moon Village Postcards

DANIEL CAN WITTEK

ALEXANDROS IOANNOU-NAOUM

IVAN MATAS

MARTINA MEULLI

MARTA MION

ESAT SEHI

Lunar Base timeline

6 months

2050 2045 2040 2030 2025 2024 2020

4 - 6

x25

CARGO First Phase

TEST ROBOTER with on board energy harvesting

solar panel

Material tests + machine test

MARS:

MOON:

First test-roboters

Next big solarand

cameras (NASA) storm in 2018-20

POTENTIAL ISS SHUTDOWN

CARGO Second Phase

Elements for first ONsurface station prefabricated on

earth

First hub with inflatables

Regolith cover made by robots and 3D printer

ORION Missions

Manned missions for mending 2 Weeks

COMPLETED SURFACE STATION

Regolith cover + habitat structure

CARGO Third Phase

Life support system modules:

OXYGEN Production

WATER Production

INTERNAL Climate Control

ENERGY:

Solar Panels

Nuclear Reactor

Orion

First engineers to stay on moon

6 months

Before the next big SOLAR STORM:

Tube system research finished

Tube based moon station + on surface entrance

module

More space for residents

SELF SUSTAINABLE STRUCTURE

x50

Producing enough oxgen/co2 and water

Independent foodproduction

Balanced recycling circle

LAGRANGIAN LAUNCHBASE

A new orbit station

Constant solar energy

Protection from lunar dust

Gravitation simulation

Stop for other space travels (mars moon)

MOON

Developping of a industry for marsian missions

MOON VILLAGE FACTS

moonNET

The moon village concept is a common shared ownership concept. The

program that is used has to be open sourced everybody is able to connect

with the robots and other given facilities.

When?

It is set in the near future to be the test labartory for the Mars mission and

others.

Why?

It will be a Test for Missions to other Planets like Mars. We can test the

procedure of colonizing other Planets without the risk having long distances.

After this stage the Moon can be used as a location for a space industry.

How?

First only colonised digitally with robots. Humans will come to the moon 10

years later or only for mending.

Inflatable hub

https://www.welt.de/mediathek/dokumentation/space/spacetime/sendung158326591/Spacetime-Aufbruch-zum-Mars-N24.html

Scetch of a possible surface station

Screenshots: Mars

Tube based Moonstation

Studentenarbeit: „Destination Moon“, 2012

Inflatable hub

deployable lunar habitation design; sandra häuplik-meusburger kursad

Large tunneler

Lunar Base and Space Activities of thr 21st Century. Author W.W. Mendell, 1985 Lunar and Planetary Institute

MARS:

Start of the Mars Base Mission

Mining Processing Tourism and Leisure Artificial Ecosystem Space Research Transports

253.B92 Großes Entwerfen Space Architecture: Envisioning the ‚Moon Village‘

Leona Asrin Palantoeken; Marius Valente; Irina Panturu;

Patrick Rychtarik; Günes Aydar; EmirhanVeyseloglu

21

Current residents decide what

to do with the space

Recycling and 3D printing

facilities

Different areas develop in

different scale : add-on

modules and replaceable

parts.

Areas divided by activities and interests

+ Equatorial areas are said to have higher

concentration of Helium-3 and other

volatiles because the solar wind is less

strong due to the angle.

—There is no constant sunlight and the

International Development of the Project

+ Protected from the Earth magnetic field

which gives a lot of freedom to magnet

based research and technology

— Not well researched yet

— No visual connection to Earth,

communication might be complicated

‘’Comfort making‘' architectural

approach

Life Support, Green Houses,

Energy.

Suitable for all category, Lorem

Ipsum is not simply random text.

Uneven terrain

The south pole contains mountains such as

Epsilon Peak which is taller than any

mountain found on earth.

Shaded Areas

The bottom of the craters are in instant

shadow, this saves volatiles and lunar ice

from evaporation.

Solar Illumination

The rim of the craters are nearly constantly

illuminated, this provide sustainable solar

power supply and stable temperatures of

-50°C.

Under the ground

The regolith layer creates a shield against

radiation, solar winds and small meteorites.

to reach.

Human friendly temperatures

They are shielded from the variations in

temperature at the lunar surface with a

temperature of approximately -20°C.

Skylights

Skylights are not only providing natural

sunlight to the tubes but also can help

finding and mapping the location of the lava

tubes.

Solar winds

Poles are exposed to radiation from the

Sun and the solar winds can cause

Meteorites and comets

Unstable structure

Due to the shape and the pressure the

lava caves could collapse and may

require additional structural support.

Complexity

position of a big enough lava tube might

be a problem.

Research

Laboratories

Mining

Nuclear

Gastronomie

Hobby

Library

Workshops

Houses

Dormitories

Personal Lockers

Communication

Short-term training: Pilots, Astronauts, Scape-

Explorers, Crews

Activities: Getting used to hard physical and

psychological conditions and isolation, adopting to

new environment

Short term scientific missions: Scientists

Activities: Collecting samples, research data, air,

water, ice, ground to test the samples back on Earth

Short term visits: Tourists, visitors of the residents

Activities: Exploration, Learning

Short term maintenance missions: Technical

support or special assistance

Short or long term production missions:

Activities: mining and production on the Moon,

maintenance of the factories, robots, post

production

Long term training: deep space explorers, potential

space

residents, astronauts

Activities: Education and experience sharing with

the previous participants

Long-term research mission: Scientist

Activities: Data and research based and tested

directly on the Moon

Space Tourists

Robots for Research

and Production

Moon-produced goods

Exploration to Mars

Space Tourists

Robots for Research

and Production

Moon-produced goods

Robots for Research

and Production

Exploration to Mars

tourists

Robots for Research

and Production

Exploration to Mars

emigratns

staff

3-6 months transit 3-6 months transit

Space Tourists

Robots for Research

and Production

Goods from Earth

Space Tourists

Robots for Research

and Production

Moon-produced goods


Working Group 3: Humans and Robotics

This working group dealt with the mission timelines,

production processes, new technologies, robot and human

relations and activities. Important considerations concern

the production and storage of energy and its reliability,

as well as the use of new technologies for human wellbeing.

Human-robot activities include transportation

systems, maintenance, life-support, wearables and medical

applications. Open questions are considerations on

constant monitoring and privacy requirements as well as to

what extent machines should be included into the societal

processes.

Working Group 4: Resilience and Sustainability

The members of this working group discussed the key

components for an open modular, dynamic and flexible

framework. Those included space transportation

and surface systems, the technical framework and

infrastructure development, power systems and waste

management. Key components, discussed for achieving

social resilience, comprised knowledge exchange,

typologies of networks and communication, public and

private partnerships and an output and share ratio.

Moonvillage

The Visions of the Future

Moonbase

Results of the Past

A RADICALLY HUMAN CENTERED APPROACH

04

01 02 03

06

05

07 08

Purposes

Divided by Nations

Research / Scientific Center

Funded by the Government

THE IDEA OF THE MOONVILLAGE

“The Moon Village is open to any and all interested parties and nations. There are no stipulations as to the form

their participation might take: robotic and astronaut activities are equally sought after. You might see not only

scientific and technological activities, but also activities based on exploiting resources or even tourism.“

Johann Dietrich Wörner

ARCHITECTURE

01.

Moon Nation

the mission should overcome the

“leadership in space” as a

purpose of the journey

05. Producing

self-sustainable village: produces

and recycles most of the needed

supplies

02.

Multiple Purposes

from mining to testing living in

space & space tourism

06. Recreation

human scale is taken into

consideration: recreation,

meditation and social aspects

03.

Private Business

investment from private

companies and “non-profit”

based organisations

07. Recycling

lets think about tomorrow and

how to make it better

04.

Long Term Missions

creating a new kind of

environment for working and

living together

08.

Robotic Missions

Human controlled Robots to create

and build.

Short Time Missions

Full Earth Support

Space Junk

Science Base

Human Missions

„Wie die Räume ohne den Menschen aussehen, ist unwichtig, wichtig ist nur, wie die Menschen darin aussehen.“

~ “How spaces look without humans ist not important. It is important how people look in it.”

Bruno Taut

phase I: Arrival - Leisure/Business - Departure

As architects we are interested in structures for humans rather than robots.

PREMISE

Being on the Moon is dangerous for human beings.

The presence of human beings on the moon has become obsolet as modern

technology becomes ever more sophisticated.

Activities on the moon - such as research, mining or production - can be handled

solely by machines.

Architecture

What does the Moon have to offer

Step 01

Step 02

Step 03

Infrastructure

Which structures do we need on the Moon

phase II: Arrival - Leisure/Preparation/Transfer - Departure

CONCLUSIO

We see two possible rational reasons for human beings to be on the moon.

Grey Areas

Construction Area

Multifuncitional Spaces

Social Life

8

Ideas

Research

Adaptable Structures

moon village location

Where do we build the Moonvillage

Mining

Robotic Construction

Long Term Relationships

Facilities

Tourism

Storage / Damp

Residence

Mooncity

Step 01

Research on materials : volatiles for

human exploration, gas, energy

supplies

Step 02

Potential starting point / space base /

stop for deep space exploration

Step 03

Reduced gravity research: human

body, growth, potential permanent

residence in space or on other

planets in the Galaxy

+

—

electrical charges on the surface of the

crater rims

Restricted Areas

Common Areas

Private Areas

Science

Resources

Energy

Entertaiment

Sport

Education

Habitations

Shelters

Working

Moon missions

What do we do on the Moon

“I am just an example of how a

leisure activity could look like...”

imagine 1 / 6 of earths gravity on a trampoline

ONE. To serve the natural human curiosity. Tourism.

TWO. As a stop-over to other destinations in our solar system. Transit.

QUALITATIVE SPACIAL RESEARCH

We are interested in examining fields that focus on

human experience rather than technical feasibility:

ARRIVAL INBETWEEN DEPARTURE

Arriving on & Leaving the Moon

And the Inbetween

free time:

Psychological Aspects

leisure or

Recreational Activities

preparation

Prospects for Health Resorts

Preparation for further Traveling

selfconsciousness

What are we space tourists to do with our time?

meditation exploration

Why did we go up there?

observation

What do we want to achieve while there?

(Oberservation, Meditation, Selfconciousness,

Exploration...)

TYPOLOGY

As assisting agents for our spacial research we

identified two possible structures:

a Space Haven

a Lunar Hotel

vacation, rich, exploring 1-2 weeks

transit, emigration to mars, new live

1-5 months

crews, pilots

workers, engineers, mars crews

6-12 months

moon day ~ 28 earth days

North Pole Peary crater

Equator Rima Bode

Lava Tube Marius Hills

South Pole Shackleton crater

Lunar Map

It would also help provide access to geology

that would otherwise require some digging

+

—

+

+

—

Not protected from asteroids and other

cosmic objects.

Lunar Poles

TIMEFRAME

The timeframe of stays range from a few days for the crews to up to a year for

the staff maintaining and living on the station.

Therefore different spacial solutions are necessary.

CHALLENGES

No / little continuous population leads to problems of social group behaviour

and knowledge transfer.

Interaction between distinct groups like tourists, emigrants (transit) and staff

could lead to social tensions.

Equatorial Areas

Far side of the Moon

+

temperatures are unstable because of the

lunar day and night cycles.

—

+

Placing a moon village underground is

desired but searching for a perfect

Lava Tubes

tu wien / ss18 / Grosses Entwerfen Space Architecture: Envisioning the Moon Village / Betreuerin sANDRA Hauplik-Meusburger

jULIA oBLITSOVA & baris dogan

Katharina Lehr Splawinski, Bernhard Redl, Alexander Garber

22

THE MOON VILLAGE WORKSHOP - WORKGROUP REPORTS

Working Group 5: Masterplan

The last working group addressed the potential aspects of

a master scenario, which requires consideration of steps,

such as finding a suitable starting point, transportation

and the question of the first module and infrastructure.

Furthermore, the topics of scouting, analysation and

preparation, stabilisation and initialisation, as well as selfsufficient

systems and potential for expansion were

approached.

A Hypothetical Moon Village Scenario

Lecture by ESA Moon specialist Bernard Foing

After the first workshop, students started to develop a

vision for a future settlement on the Moon and began to

work on a hypothetical scenario, addressing the questions

of what would happen and who would be involved. Each

student team, which consisted of two to three people,

developed their individual scenario and a timeline as part of

the Moon Village. In addition, the teams tried to connect to

neighboring facilities, in order to live up to the Moon Village

idea.

Input lecture with Norbert Frischauf

23


North Pole

7 LUNAR PEARL

Simon Sekereš, Luka Slivnjak

11 MOON OBSERVATORY

Alexandros Ioannou-Naoum,

Daniel Can Wittek

11

3 KRATERHAUSEN

RESEARCH OF THE CRATER-BASED RESOURCES

Theresa Brock, Sabrina Kerber, Mohammad Elzahaby

12 MATERIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH MODULE

Nadja Drageljevic

7

3

12

24

THE MOON VILLAGE SITEPLAN

1 SUNDIAL EXPLORER

THE HABITAT THAT FOLLOWS THE SUN

Günes Aydar, Gözde Ylmaz, Emirhan Veyseloglu

8 MOBILE SCOUTING

Esat Sehi

8

6

South Pole

10 LUNAR PORT

Polina Baliuk, Tetiana Frych, Patrick Rychtarik

9 SOCIALIZER

LUNAR SOCIAL NETWORK

Amila Imamovic, Aleksandar Mrkahic

2 ASTRO-SCIENTIST TRAINING CAMPUS

Baris Dogan, Julia Oblitcova

6 LUNAR GRAVITY RESEARCH CENTER

Bernhard Redl, Marta Mion, Martina Meulli

5

10

4

9

2

13

1

4 RESEARCH FOOD LAB

Katharina Lehr Splawinski, Alexander Garber

5 PACLINGS LUNAR FACILITY

Marius Valente, Irina Panturu, Leona Asrin Palantöken

13 SPIRAL

Domagoj Krhen, Lovro Koncar-Gamulin

stationary

mobile

25


Workshop

SPACE

ARCHITECTURE

Based on the students‘ initial political and societal vision for a

future Moon Village, they developed individual architectural

projects, incorporating the technical, environmental and

operational requirements of building and living on the Moon.

The three-day space architecture workshop took place

from the 23 rd to the 25 th of May. Miriam Dall‘Igna, design

system analyst at Foster + Partners, provided a lecture on

the 3D printing projects and research of Foster + Partners.

The following two days consisted purely of 1-to-1 project

discussions accompanied by Miriam Dall‘Igna, David Nixon,

space architect, and studio director Sandra Häuplik-

Meusburger.

The goal of the workshop was to foster an idea and

strengthen the individual concepts of the students. A

checklist of typical design issues was provided to the

students as a reference.

26

SPACE ARCHITECTURE WORKSHOP

Checklist of Typical Space Architecture Design Issues

Basic Concept

Lunar Location

Human Population

Overall Configuration

Habitable Elements

Construction Methods

Payload Schedule

Security and Safety

Life Support

Phasing

Geography, topography, latitude,

longitude

Size, gender, role, permanent,

temporary

Functional layout, accommodation

range, total volume, per-person volume,

ingress/egress

Architectural shapes and sizes, berthing

techniques, foundation techniques

Prefabrication, deployment, assembly,

manufacture, hybrid methods

Number of payloads, payload types

(elements, components, equipment,

materials, consumables)

Pressure containment, radiation

shielding, thermal range, contamination

exclusion

Atmospheric revitalisation, power supply,

water recycling, waste management,

ecological control

Crew visited, intermittent occupation,

permanent occupation

Table 1.

Checklist of typical space architecture design issues

(D. Nixon, 2018)

27


Workshop with David Nixon and Miriam Dall‘Igna

Project discussions between students and guest critics

Discussing preliminary design ideas

Discussion about space architecture with David Nixon

28

SPACE ARCHITECTURE WORKSHOP

29


Final Presentation

The final presentation and concluding panel discussion took

place on the 26th of June in the Festsaal of the Vienna

University of Technology.

David Kendall, past chair of the UN Committee on the

Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and adjunct faculty member

of the International Space University provided valuable

and straight-forward comments on each of the projects

presented.

After the presentations, a walkabout through the exhibition

allowed a closer look on the projects.

Festsaal, Vienna University of Technology

Students presenting the Moon Village designs

30

FINAL PRESENTATION AND PANEL DISCUSSION

Each group was given fifteen minutes to present ...

... followed by questions from the audience.

Exhibition of the models and design posters

Walkabout through the exhibition

31


Panel Discussion

A panel discussion by several space experts concluded the

last day of the Moon Village design studio. Each panelist

started with a fifteen minute presentation of a relevant

lunar topic. Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger, space architect,

senior lecturer and studio director introduced the design

studio and led the panel discussion.

The first short lecture was held by Piero Messina, a

member of the Director General’s Cabinet and ESA’s

strategy department. He talked about how the idea of the

Moon Village developed and what it strives to achieve.

Christian Köberl, director general of the Natural History

Museum in Vienna, covered the subject of lunar exploration

by giving an overview of the scientific rationale.

Cosmonaut and founding member of the Association of

Space Explorers, Dumitru-Dorin Prunariu, presented the

history and future outlooks of of human exploration of the

Moon.

Festsaal, Vienna University of Technology

The last panellist was Irmgard Marboe, professor

of international law at the department of European,

International and Comparative Law at the Law Faculty of

the University of Vienna and member of the Space Law

Committee of the International Law Association. She

approached the topic of legal and ethical aspects of the

Moon Village.

After the presentations, the panelists were joined by Irina

Panturu, a student of the design studio, for the panel

discussion. Subsequently, the discussion was continued at

a reception with drinks and animated conversations.

Arriving guests at the Festsaal, Vienna University of Technology

32


Piero Messina on the idea of the Moon Village

Christian Köberl on the subject of space exploration

Dumitru-Dorin Prunariu on the Moon‘s history

Irmgard Marboe on the topic of space law

33


Panel discussion following the presentations, moderated by Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger from the department HB2

Christian Köberl on the scientific rationale of lunar exploration

Discussing astronautics with Dumitru-Dorin Prunariu

34


Questions from the audience completed the discussion

After the panel discussion the exhibition continued ...

A reception concluded the day

35


36


Group picture of the students and panelists

37

SUNDIAL

THE HABITAT THAT FOLLOWS THE SUN

Project by

Günes Aydar | Emirhan Veyseloglu | Gözde Yilmaz

CREW

three to four astronauts

MISSION LENGTH

28 days, up to three months

MISSION OBJECTIVE

scientific research

robotic operation research

LOCATION

CONSTRUCTION

South Pole Aitkin Basin and

cold traps on South Pole

aluminium frame covered with

protective materials


Summary

The Sundial Explorer is a mobile habitat, which is designed

to perform early scientific research on the lunar surface.

According to NASA papers, those lunar missions require

human fieldwork. The Sundial Explorer shall make EVA

missions with astronauts and the mapping of the lunar

surface easier and safer.

Prior to concept development, the following mission goals

were determined:

The first goal was to optimise the design for safe and

efficient scientific research. While the Sundial Explorer

follows a dedicated path, small autonomous rovers can

be released for sample collection. The habitat includes a

laboratory, in which collected samples can be researched

further. The Sundial Explorer also has suitports, providing

space suits for every astronaut.

The second goal was to optimise the use of energy and

resources. The rover is designed to be self-sufficient while

travelling. The Sundial Explorer is a mobile infrastucture.

It will move between outposts to get life supporting

resources for itself and also transport resources (e.g.

water) from one outpost to another.

The third concept idea was the aim to constantly stay in

sunlight in order to gather energy. In addition, the thermal

tension on materials of the habitat can be reduced, which

extends the operational time of the habitat.

Main Concept Ideas

SCOUTS

EXPLORATION ON LUNAR SURFACE

NOMADS

MOBILITY AS INFRASTRUCTURE

SUNDIAL

CONSTANT SUNLIGHT

40

SUNDIAL EXPLORER

Choosing Locations & Creating the Path

SPA BASIN

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

ELLIPTICAL PATH

MALAPERT M.

WATER GATHERING

1. The first intention was to create a circular path, which

would lay between the South Pole and the equatorial

regions. But this would have prevented research on

equatorial regions.

3. The Sundial Explorer will start with an elliptical path around the

South Pole Aitkin Basin and Malapert Mountain, as they are seen

as optimal locations for scientific research and water gathering.

MALAPERT M.

WATER GATHERING

2. By creating an elliptical path that extends to the

equatorial regions, research on equatorial regions is enabled.

Furthermore, water for life support can be extracted from

the Malapert Mountain.

4. By rotating the elliptical path for further scientific research on

different areas around the South Pole (water gathering station on

Malapert Mountain), a pattern of a lotus flower is created. This

way, a large area of the lunar surface is researched while staying in

constant sunlight.

41


What is the Travel Speed?

HABITAT

8.125 km/h 11.04 km/h 12.88 km/h 5.76 km/h

5.67 km/h 10.89 km/h 10.89 km/h 9.91 km/h

9.73 km/h 6.3 km/h 5.67 km/h

6.3 km/h

Return to the outpost with a spare time of

5 days

9.91 km/h

A basic simulation on the optimal speed has been conducted, which resulted in a maximum of 10 km/h. This includes a

spare time of five days that can be spent on additional EVA or maintenance missions.

42

SUNDIAL EXPLORER

Main Design Features of the Skeletal Shell

SOLAR PANELS

At least 30 m 2 of solar panels ensure that

the habitat will have sufficient energy. A

200 kWh power storage is installed for an

48 hour emergency or in case the habitat

crosses to the dark side. The surface of

panels can be configured and rotated into

the direction of the sun to get sunlight in

90 degrees.

RADIATORS

Radiators underneath the solar

panels prevent the solar panels to

overheat and are also responsible

for cooling of the habitat.

STRUCTURAL SKELETON

The skeleton works as the carrier of all

infrastructural elements, including the mobility

and solar energy system. The skeleton is made

of aluminium trusses, with a thickness of 40

cm (at least 28 cm)

LIVING MODULE

Dimensions: 8,14x4,58x3,67 m

The hatch door has a big

glass panel in order to give

the crew the opportunity to

observe the lunar surface and

space.

ENGINE FORCE

The habitat is able to travel up to 15

km/h. A vehicle of 15 tons must have at

least an engine with 1,75 horsepowers

to ensure its mobilisation. Emergency

situations in mind, every engine (8

seperate engines, one for every wheel)

will have 1 horsepower (in total 8 HPs)

SUSPENSIONS & ROTATION

The suspension system is inspired by the Rocker

Boogie suspension system of the Curiosity Rover.

The Rocker Boogie system has been adapted to

reduce the tension load on the skeleton.

43


Assembly on the Lunar Surface

44

SUNDIAL EXPLORER

Life Support System

WATER FROM COLD TRAPS

The water obtained by the outpost on

Malapert Mountain will be transfered to

the Sundial Explorer every 28 days.

WATER TANK

Water for crew: 1197 kg

Water for electrolysis: 445 kg

80% recycling potential,

tank must hold 1110 kg

CREW (28 days Report)

Oxygen consumption: 210 kg

Water consumption: 1197 kg

Nitrogen need: 210 kg

H 2 O

Tank

CO 2

Scrub

Tank

530 kg

ELECTROLYSIS

performed by solar energy

+ -

O 2

Grey

Water

H 2

RECYCLING

The grey hygiene water, urine, respiration

steam from the crew and waste water from

fuel cells of rovers are recycled. Recycling

efficiency is 80%.

HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS FOR ROVERS

The hydrogen and oxygen, which are produced by electrolysis,

will be delivered to the rovers, to be used in fuel

cells, which are more efficient than batteries. Fuel cells produce

water as a waste product, which can be used further.

45


installations

installations

life support systems life support systems

glove box

glove box

WC

WC

5

5

running mil

running mil

folding

table

folding

table

water

dispenser

water shower

microwave microwave

dispenser

shower

tool box

tool box

installations

installations

LIVING

LIVING HYGIENE HYGIENELAB

LAB

EVA

EVA

Detail 2

life support systems

installations

8

8

glove box

Detail 3

WC

5

running mil

4

4

water

dispenser

microwave

shower

folding

table

tool box

Detail 1

installations

46

8

8

8

SUNDIAL EXPLORER

Sections

LIVING

HYGIENE

exchangable

seperator

lighting

foldable screens

food storage

cooking

equipment

folding chair

water tank

life support

system racks

folding chair

soft ceiling

personal item

storage

lighting

aluminium

composite panel

toiletries

storage

algae bags

personal item

storage

lightning

hygiene

products

storage

hydraulic table

urine recovery

LAB

EVA

lighting

lab equipment

storage

experiment

racks

exchangable

rack system

projector

curtain

hydro farm

experiment

spare space suits

lab equipment

storage

tools panel

experiment racks

suit ports

tool box entry

CO 2 N 2 H 2

tanks

H cell charge

glove box

entry

47


Details

D1

Formation of Ramp

Departure of Rovers

D2

The Window

Sleeping Quarters

D3

The Protective Shell

Around the Living Module

pyramid textured blanket

aluminum bumper 0,2 mm

Aluminium

Composite Panel

kevlar composite 0.64 cm

nextel fabric 0,3 cm

spacer 0,5 cm

MLI 0,5 cm

45°

ALU pressure shell 0,2 mm

polyethylene 15 cm

ALU inner shell 0.1 mm

48

OUTER SHELL 1/10

SUNDIAL EXPLORER

Comments by David Nixon

+ Compact and well-planned habitat accommodation.

+ Clever chassis unfolding methodology.

+ Good life support system approach (though harvesting

water from lunar cold traps presents another set of

difficulties).

- Hexagonal cross-section of habitat is not ideal for

efficient pressure containment and would incur a weight

penalty.

Comments by Miriam Dall‘Igna

+ Great and sustainable idea.

+ Clear diagrams help to understand the concept.

Open questions: If the solar panels adjust to capture the

best sun angles, how could the design enable that? How

does the habitat connect to the chassis? It would be

interesting to explore some design ideas.

49

Mooncampus

Astro-Scientist Training center

Project by

Baris Dogan | Iuliia Oblitcova

CREW

MISSION LENGTH

MISSION OBJECTIVE

between 6 to 20 Astro-

Scientist in two phases

phase 1 : 30 days

phase 2 : 60 days

astronaut training for deep

space exploration

LOCATION

South Pole, Shackleton Crater

CONSTRUCTION

in-situ built dome, concrete-like

structure made from regolith


Summary

MoonCampus is the first astronaut training center

on the lunar surface. The concept of the Moon

Campus is to train highly professional specialists to

become “Astro-Scientists” - astronauts and scientists

at the same time, able to perform complicated EVA

missions, perform advanced research in the conditions

of reduced gravity and other surface operations.

The goal is to learn new skills, to retrain skills learned

before in the real lunar environment and to prepare

to go for further deep space exploration in the

future.

The surface part of the MoonCampus is placed

under a dome to protect Astro-Scientists in training

from radiation and meteorites. The campus itself

consists of training and workshop areas, living areas,

sport facilities and VR training areas for learning

new skills. Living together in the provided spacial

conditions is considered to be part of the training

as well. The open design of the MoonCampus allows

every future Astro-Scientist to have access to

maintenance and life support systems, in order to

be able to control complex lunar bases themselves

after the training. In general, a maximum of seven

people will begin training to be able to perform

simultaneous surface and research missions with

three to four trainers supporting them.

52

S

T

O

R

Y

B

O

A

R

D

2018 2032 2035

Seeds

Destination on the Moon

Scouting

Planting

Choosing the location

First contact with the

surface

Roots

Establishing the base

Starting expansion

Making it self-sustainable

MOOONCAMPUS

Location

It is very important to use the energy resources

provided on the Moon and in space, especially

exploiting the maximum of sunlight and solar energy.

This and other benefits led to the decision to start the

journey at the South Pole near Shackelton Crater.

2041 2051

To infinity and beyond

Sprout

Connecting with new

infrastructure

Continuing expansion

Gaining new sources

Tree

Growing into a Moon Village

Looking into deep space

Fruits

Using the gained knowledge

Producing and storing

Setting new goals

Preparing to go further

53


Laboratories

Training Areas

Spaceport

C/P Areas

For

Experiments

Research

Life support

Field training

Simulations

Education

Robot control

Observation

Factory

Residents

Common

Private

Who

Scientists

Trainers

Technicians

All

Access

S

Te

T

Te

Te

S T Te

6

8

6

24

Stage 1

Astronauts after

Earth training //

Engineers

Assembling

Robots

3D Printing

Machines

Drones

8

30

Stage 2

Astro-Scientists

Trainers

Technicians

Experimenting

Researching

Discovering

Observing

Expanding

20-25

60-120

54

Restricted Areas

Private Areas

MOOONCAMPUS

Common Areas

Meeting

Spacial Connection

Lecture

Storage

Required Connection

Part of Astronaut

Training on the site

Life

Support

Living

WC

Workshops

Technologies

3D Printing

Life Support

Vehicles

Campus

"Lobby"

Common Areas

Restrooms

Bedroom

Storage

Load

Maintenance

Kitchen

Dining

VR Areas

Laboratories

Space Port

Arrival / Departure

Storage

Gym

Leisure

Hobby

Labs

Common Areas

WC

Research

Fuel Storage

WC

Medical

Facilities

Storage

Meeting

Field

Training

Maintenance

Recycling

Storage

Liquid Oxygen

Storage

LSS

Greenhouses

O2 / H2O

Solar Panels

Industrial Zone

Production

Reactor

Cooling Facilities

Research

Power

Fuel

Food

Supply

Manufacturing

55

Mining


Handle

Astronaut Suit

Hatch

Donning Area

Level -4

Suit Port

Sulfite Dome

Protection against micro

meteorites, radiation

shielding

Surface

Opening in the dome for

Training Pit 1

EVA missions

Rover Dock

Surface Training Pit 2

Portable Greenhouse

Aluminium Joints Coated

Multi-Layer Insulation

Fused Silica and

borosilicate glass

Level 0

Cupola Glass

Life Support

Pipes: water / electro

Air Pipes

Crew Capsules

Fireman´s Pole for fast connection

Lounge

Level -4

Guest Capsule

View Point

Workshops

Workshop Areas / Med

Capsule

3D Printing / Scientific

Gloves

Level 0 / -3

Optic Fiber Pipe

Shelf

Door with

blinders

Hygiene / Kitchen / Dining

Lounge

Level -3 / -4

Private Bubble

Foldable table

Foldable bed

56

MOONCAMPUS

Arrival

The first modules are transported

from Earth to the crater rim. Robots/

excavators/machines and food

supplies are delivered from Earth.

Placement

They are placed underground

to protect them from radiation.

Connection to the surface and to the

crater bottom is organised.

Expansion

The modules are assembled on the

Moon and are ready to expand to the

surface, while the usage of regolith

as a raw material is researched.

57

16

EVA missions

Control tower

Surface Level

58


18

Working area

Life support system

Laboratory

Level 2

59

MOONCAMPUS


Level 3

Crew capsules

C/P areas

Gym

Capacity: 6

60

MOONCAMPUS

Level 4

Guest capsules

C/P areas

VR area

Capacity: 8

61

GSEducationalVersion


Surface Level // EVA Missions

Rover rides on the uneven terrain

Robot manipulation on the surface

Cleaning dust from solar panels,

suits, rovers, robots

Portable greenhouse observation

EVA suit walking training

-1 Level // Meeting

Trainees / Crew / Visitors

Maintaince

Outside Skin

Concept

Carbon Panels

Aluminized polyimide

Multi Layer Insulation

Graphite-fiber reinforced

epoxy

Sintered Regolith

-2 Level // Workshops

Repairing robots / drones / system

LSS maintenance

Medical operations

Scientific training

3D Printing in low gravity conditions

Geological test training

-4 Level // VR training

Learning new skills in VR

Practising learned skills in VR

62

MOONCAMPUS


+ Sensible adjacencies organization.

+ Accommodation areas providing both communal and

private facilities.

+ Architecturally interesting multilevel accommodation

approach.

- Excavating those underground volumes would be a

major challenge and assumes the subsurface geology is

soft enough for Earth-style mechanical diggers.


+ Great architectural programme.

+ Clear diagrams and graphics help to understand the

ideas.

Open questions: Considering energy, how much electricity

would be necessary to maintain the campus facilities?

What is the strategy to bring in or simulate natural light?

In terms of modularity and resilience, it would be interesting

to detail how parts of the structure can be replaced.

63

RESEARCH FACILITY FOR

CRATER BASED RESOURCES

Project by

Theresa Brock | Mohammad Elzahaby | Sabrina Kerber

CREW

MISSION LENGTH

MISSION OBJECTIVE

LOCATION

CONSTRUCTION

first base for two astronauts

research base for six astronauts

minimum six months

maximum theoretically indefinite

research of the crater’s natural

resources

using the crater from top to

bottom

Philolaos Crater, North Pole

regolith sintering and on-site

additive manufacturing to adapt

the existing lava tubes


Summary

The crater research facility ‘Kraterhausen’ is located in a

crater near the North Pole. Here, a lot of natural resources

can be found – including ice water in the lava tubes

at the bottom and eternal sunlight at the crater rim.

A mixed team of humans and robotics research the possible

uses of those resources. The research base is located

in the natural lava tubes in the crater wall, so that the

rock provides constant shelter from radiation and extreme

temperature.

On the rim, the first habitation and surface base is

located. Farther down, still in the sunlight zone, lies the

research and human habitation base. Here, existing caves

are made habitable by 3D printing layers of solid regolith

to maintain the pressure inside the base. A coating

of silicon sintering separates the regolith layer from the

habitation areas.

Farther down lies a second, mainly robotic, research base,

where bigger scaled projects are manufactured.

At the bottom, ice water is harvested from the lava tubes

and transported to the upper research bases via funicular

rovers. Here, it is filtered and converted to drinkable water

and oxygen. Using a whole slice of the crater wall, the

crater’s resources are researched from top to bottom.

The infrastructural route, which connects the various

bases, is depressurised and requires the use of rovers or

spacesuits.

‘Kraterhausen’ strives to provide well-funded research

and a better understanding of the lunar craters for future

generations, combined with a conscious handling of the

sensitive lunar environment.

66

KRATERHAUSEN

Overview - Crater Bases

lunar lander/first

habitation/surface base

habitation and research base

peak of eternal light

permanently shadowed

top to bottom and

inside out direction of

construction, due to

rubble and bed rock

robotic base

lava tubes with ice

resources

67


Timeline

PHASE I

PHASE II

PHASE III

PHASE IV

PHASE V

6 months

1 year

1 year

5 years+

PHASE I PHASE II PHASE III PHASE IV PHASE V

6 months 1 year 1 year 5 years+

EXPLORATION

ROBOTIC

CONSTRUCTION

HUMAN

CONSTRUCTION

HABITATED

RESEARCH

FUTURE ASPECTS

Robotic exploration of

the chosen crater area

and existing lava tubes

to analyse the site

situation and adapt the

plan. This helps avoid

planning and sending

EXPLORATION

bigger missions before

suitable lava tubes are

found.

Robotic exploration of the

chosen crater area and exisitng

lava tubes to analyse the site

situation and adapt the plan.

Start of construction

by a purely robotic

workforce: adaption

of the caves through

drilling and additive

manufacturing as well

as preparation of the

site for the first human

habitat.

ROBOTIC CONSTRUCTION

Start of construction by a

purely robotic workforce: adaption

of the caves through drilling

and addetive manufacturing

as well as preparation of

the site for the first human habitat.

Completion of the

habitation area and

research facilities by a

small human workforce

in cooperation with

robotics.

HUMAN CONSTRUCTION

Completion of the habitation

area and research facilities by a

small human workforce in cooperation

with robotics.

Habitated crater research

by an extended

team of humans and

robotics with a top-tobottom

utilisation of the

crater face.

HABITATED RESEARCH

Habitated crater research by an

extended team of humans and

robotics with a top-to-bottom

untilisation of the crater face.

Possible expansion to

different nations

and projects as

cooperation with

the crater research

as funded base for

peaceful and ecoconscious

co-existing in

the crater.

FUTURE ASPECTS

Possible expansion to diffenrent

nations and projects as

cooperation

TIMELINE

2

15

15

20

∞

0

0

2

6

∞

1

2

2

1

68

KRATERHAUSEN

Phase III

docking

layered inflatable:

flame resistant nomex 3

pressure bladders (kevlar) 15

vectran 3

thermal protection (mylar) 15

meteorite-safe kevlar 15

lunar lander

engine, storage

hatch for tunnel

connection

possible

rover

docking

Step 1: Lunar lander lands on

crater rim with 2-man-crew

Step 2: Inflatable habitat for first habitation phase during human construction

139m² (23m²/ P)

connection of inflatable

habitat to crater base

transportation to

underground bases via

funicular rover

The concept strives to create

as little waste as possible.

Everything that is brought up

to the Moon’s surface is used

in all phases of the project,

thus no payloads are wasted

and nothing is left behind.

Therefore, the lunar lander

acts as first base and is later

connected to the crater bases

as surface base.

A funicular rover is used as

means of transportation

between those different areas.

Step 3: Early habitat turns into surface base

--> connected to tunnels, permanent use of lunar lander and inflatable

69


Lunar Rover & Athlete

For human exploration of the unpressurised zones,

lunar rovers (concept based on NASA‘s Desert

Rats) are docked at the airlocks.

An athlete type rover (concept based on JPL‘s

Desert Rats) is used to transport material through

the tunnels. This six-legged robotic vehicle can be

used for multiple purposes in uneven territory.

70

KRATERHAUSEN

Suitport & Glovebox

hatch cover

portable life

support system

hand hold

entry hatch

pressure

bulkhead

wall

entry hatch

suitport

interface

pressure vessles

joystick

receptable

portable

life support

system

hatch cover

supports

female/male adapters

polyethelene

gloves

handling

compartment

needle velve

gas/vacuum outlet/inlet

transfer compartment

To avoid any dust inside the habituated zone,

suitports (concept by Marc M. Cohen) and glove

boxes are positioned at the airlocks.

Suitports furthermore bring the advantage of a

shorter pre-breathing and no oxygen loss through

opening the airlock doors.

71


Phase IV - Habitation Level | 71 m²

sect B

lounge platform

fitness platform

level-overlapping

greenhouse

...and spends

his leisure time

in the lounge.

storage

Scotty uses the hygiene unit.

seating

accomodation

sleeping quarters

sect A

sleeping cubicles for

two, seperable

...while Uhura sleeps on

the other side of the

privacy-partition.

...eats...

Kirk takes pictures for his

family on Earth through

the crater-viewing

window.

Diana takes a

book from her

private storage

and reads...

Wesley

prepares

dinner...

airlock

crater

1m

3m

The main area of ‘Kraterhausen’, the habitable base, is split into

two levels – a habitation level and the research level. Those two

levels are connected through a two-story chamber, containing a

greenhouse, which acts as a spatial buffer zone between work

and leisure time and provides fresh vegetables but also has great

psychological value.

72

KRATERHAUSEN

Phase IV - Research Level | 68 m²

storage

robotic base/

surface base

airlock

...is postprocessed,

decontaminated;

dust is blown out...

Material is transported

from the robotic base...

storage

...parts are

assembled and

used.

sect B

storage

research area

level-overlapping

greenhouse

filtration

airlock

crater

Uhura 3D prints a

replacement part...

sect A

technic area

...and fixes

the robot.

airlock

Kirk experiments in

the depreassurised

chamber...

...while Spock assists him

through the glove-box.

depreassurised

chamber

1m

3m

73


Section A

private storage

Diana sleeps

behind the

privacy-partition...

...while Spock watches

something on the

media screen.

The greenhouse

robot moves

vertically/rotates...

sleeping quarters

10,15

... and

tends to

the

plants/

harvests.

10,80

lounge platform

9,00

The elevation difference can be overcome

either by using the lunar stairs

or the climbing wall, which acts as an

exercise motivation in 1/6 g.

... and works out

on the bike in 1/6

g in the

greenhouse for

optimal oxygen

regulation.

6,00

Wesley climbs

to the exercise

platform...

filtration

depressurised

chamber

0,00

airlock

crater

1m

3m

74

KRATERHAUSEN

Section B

kitchen

Spock enjoys the view

of the greenhouse...

sleeping

quarters

lounge

10,15

The research level

accommodates

various robotic

machines, a

filtration station

and a large 3D

printer. Here, the

crater material is

researched and

processed.

In order to limit the payloads brought up from

Earth, additive manufacturing is used. The main

inner structure of sleeping accommodations, hygiene

units, storage and food preparation are 3D

printed on site.

Kirk transfers to the

habitation level via the

climbing wall in 1/6 g.

lounge

platform

...from both

sides.

6,00

9,00

exercise

platform

...and controls

the purity.

Diana takes a

sample from the

filtred ice water...

depressurised

chamber

0,00

1m

3m

75


76

KRATERHAUSEN


+ Efficient combination of a lunar lander with an inflatable

habitat in Phase III.

+ Novel approach to the use of crater sides for facilities

siting.

+ Fascinating interior ‘cave’ architecture formed from

lava tubes.

- Penetrating steep crater sides might result in rock falls.

- Ability of sintered tubes to function for pressure

containment is optimistic and internal bladder linings

would be wise.


+ Great spatial arrangement.

+ Diagrams and drawings are clear and consider user

routines and flows.

Open questions: Concerning toxicity, would pressurised

areas need special wall treatment? Consider light

strategy on deep crater area.

77

a Botanical Garden

a Walkabout

a familiar counter-part in a harsh

and inhuman environment

a translation of earth’s nature

an escort of cultural development

a research facility for food production on the moon

TUBE OF EDEN - FOOD RESEARCH LAB

Project by

Alexander Garber | Katharina Lehr-Splawinski

CREW three individuals in phase I;

successive growth

MISSION LENGTH

MISSION OBJECTIVE

LOCATION

6 months per individual

mission end not defined

research on plants, fungi,

algae, insects and cooking

methods

lunar South Pole

near Shakelton Crater

CONSTRUCTION pre-fabricated deployable

elements in phase I; isru for

radiation protection


Summary

FUNCTION

The Tube of Eden concentrates on food production and

cooking. Cooking is a unique cultural feature of mankind.

Eating is an activity that everyone has to do. Of course it

is not only a must - it is also a pleasure and a social activity.

The project creates a research facility that offers possibilities

to research the following: establishing a life-friendly

environment; growing plants, fungi and algae; breeding insects;

recycling, processing and preparation methods; recipes;

creation of new plants; storing of terrestrial seeds for

possible emergencies; as well as psychological effects of

plants on humans in space.

UTOPIA

The function of the ring-shaped lab could change

over time. From the research facility itself it would

progress to a mere garden with attached production

units. The food lab could turn into a restaurant for

visitors.

ACTORS

The food lab is located on the lunar South Pole, near the

Shackleton crater. It accommodates five to ten individuals,

each of whom will stay for approximately six months. The

individuals will be chosen from the following fields: biology

(botany, microbiology, life sciences), engineering (life

supporting systems, mechanical engineers),… There will be

cooks, grandmas and other individuals with culinary background.

In addition, several helpers will work along with human

inhabitants. These will be natural helpers as we know

from Earth (bees, earth worms and microorganisms), semifuturistic

devices such as farming robots as well as life supporting

systems sustaining a livable atmosphere and providing

water, electricity, light, etc.

80

FOOD RESEARCH LAB

WATER

REGOLITH

SUNLIGHT

SEEDS

CO 2

O 2

ENERGY

LIGHT

ENJOING

VISUALLY

ATMOSPHERIC

CONTROL

SUBSYSTEM

WATER

CONTROL

SUBSYSTEM

THERMAL

CONTROL

SUBSYSTEM

LIGHT

CONTROL

SUBSYSTEM

BREATHING

BEES

POLINATION

INSECTS

ALGAE

EARTH WORMS

STRUCTURE

RECYCLING

FUNGI

VEGETABLES

SEEDS

DATABASE

BACTERIA

NITROGEN

RESEARCH

FARMING ROBOTS

HARVESTING

EATING

FOOD PRODUCTION

RESTAURANT

FOOD LAB

PRODUCTS

WASTE

FOOD

HELPERS

PLACES

PROCESSES

FOOD

SOURCES

FOOD

4 FOOD

RECYCLING

CO

ASH

2

FERTILISER

WATER

HEAT

COOPERATION

AS LEISURE

81


Construction

A foldable origami-like structure allows for

densely packed transport. It furthermore

allows to generate spaces with long distances

while ensuring flexibility to shape it in the

desired way.

The rigid elements of this foldable structure

have integrated sufficient shielding and serve

as a safe haven.

The complex foldable elements are

complemented by inflatable structures that

offer bigger spaces.

A covering with local regolith protects

the structure from solar storms as well as

radiation and minor impacts.

82

FOOD RESEARCH LAB

Payload Distribution and Robotic Construction

NASA Tri-Athlete

13,1 m

cargo

cargo

soil

work

robot

soil

work

robot

NASA Tri-Athlete

5,2 m

Space X

Falcon 9

v1.2 (FT)

83

JECT PHASES

MOON VILLAGE INTEGRATION & CONTRIBUTION


INPUT

OUTPUT

humans

plants

seeds

waste

carbon dioxid

food for MV

oxygen for MV

seeds for MV

waste for recycling

research

knowledge

Project phase I: 1 single unit + 1 double unit + 1 airlock for 3 people

Project phase II-III: continuous growth with existing and new arriving units

Project phase IV: Ring completed, increasing density of functions

Project phase I: research focused experimental phase

Project phase II-III: continuous growth with existing and new arriving units

Project phase IV: full moon village integration with contributions to food and oxygen supply

SE IV

food lab

84

living quarters

FOOD RESEARCH LAB

The spatial arrangement of the facility is in the geometry

of a ring which allows for certain qualities.

Movement and Distance. The circular structure allows

long and varied strolls. This shall encourage inhabitants

to exercise physically. It also creates a certain sense of

wideness in an enclosed structure.

85


Phase I

PHASE I

snacks

quick

lunch

have dinner and

enjoy the view

climb

these

special

moon

stairs

stowage

stand here

stowage

ventilation

chill

EXPERIMENTAL FOOD LAB

LIVING QUARTERS

stowage

lay down here

anywhere

its flexible space

platform

step

step

step

AIR LOCK

& SAFETY HAVEN

stowage

RESEARCH

GREENHOUSE

& LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS

stowage

stowage

stowage

stowage

experimental cooking zone

systems

safe haven

chilling

stand here

sit

listen to

“fly me to

the moon” in

private


beneath

step up

pull out your

emergency beds

from sofa

multifunctional

store-away space

stowage beneath

stand here

chill

platform

temporary zone


beneath

moon apple

tree

step

insects live

here

suiteport

experiment

with food

stowage beneath

step up

bathe

step up

little helpers

live here

balcony

insects live

potato-carrot

here

breeds

experimental greenhouse

full of experimental plants

in varous conditions

go on an

adventure

work out

refresh

yourself

first step

to everything

systems

water closet

FLOOR PLAN PHASE I 1:50

GREENHOUSE & LIFE SUPPORT

EXPERIMENTAL FOOD LAB

LIVING QUARTER

86

FOOD RESEARCH LAB

87


suitport

Section

multi-functional laboratory

fold-out stairs

SECTION C 1:50

SECTION D 1:50

SE

OUTSIDE

circular sun collector element:

fresnel lenses split up sun beams

for heat energy, electric energy (pv) and

indirect natural light

junctions every 10 m via

a connection pipe

outgoing air

1,5 m regolith covering + synthetic 3d printed supportive structure

regolith serves as solar radiation protection

the synthetic 3d printed structure serves as meteoroid protection

0,3 m empty puffer layer

serves as shock absorbant for meteoroid impacts

uses a temporary inflated membrane as a lost formwork

0,3 m pressurised inflatable

3 cm debris protection

15 cm thermal protection

1 cm restraint and structure

10 cm airtight pressure bladder

1 cm puncture and flame-resistant innermost layer

suspended hideaway

INSIDE

daylight dispenser

40° slope

40° slope

acustically and visually

shielded chamber for temporary

privacy

ingoing air

flexible function elements see

diagram

low maintenance systems

stowage

+ exceptional

manhole

pictured manuals

+ special tools

installations

+ service openings

integrated in flooring

SE

88

FOOD RESEARCH LAB

Greenhouse and Life Support


+ Food production and cooking are understudied and

ignored aspects of human spaceflight, the assumption

being that eating processed food out of cans is

acceptable, so it is valuable to focus on this subject.

+ Toroidal segmented greenhouse design unfolding and

inflating from an accordion-fold payload is an excellent

concept.

- Sharply-creased inflatable fabric can lose strength along

the crease and joint lines but potential lower ambient

pressure inside greenhouse segments may alleviate.

Living Quarters


+ Extremely relevant theme and concept idea.

+ interesting design ideas for compact transportation and

deployment by utilising origami structures.

+ Shape configuration contributes to maximise scientific

experimentation.

Open questions: Further information on what species

would benefit from pragmatic necessities, such as air

purifying, would be interesting.

89

THE PAClings

Providing Awesome Conversion

Project by

Asrin Leona Palatöken | Irina Panturu | Marius Valente

CREW

MISSION LENGTH

MISSION OBJECTIVE

LOCATION

CONSTRUCTION

starting with 3 PAClings, the

crew will grow gradually up to

8 or 10 PAClings

the crew will change every

few months.

recycling of human and green

waste from all of the lunar

facilities

close to the other main

facilities, like the Food

Production Lab

ISRU fabrication


Summary

The PAClings are a team of scientists who want to

improve the lunar settlements.

Where?

Near Shakelton Crater

The PAClings Lunar Facility will be in charge of the waste

management for all the other facilities and thus improve

the living standards on the Moon. By collecting

the human and green waste, the facility will recycle

these organic materials through different processes. At

the end of the recycling cycle fertilizer for the greenhouses

will be produced, in order to make the lunar

settlement more independent from Earth.

The by-product of this process is gas methane, which will

be stored in tanks to later be used for heating.

The architecture will consist of two different types of

inflatable modules, which are connected with airlocks. It

will be very much influenced by the different processes

that are taking place inside. An important aspect of the

architecture is the biosafety level 4, which consists of

multiple decontamination showers, air and water recycling

needs for every laboratory. The living modules are

strictly separated from the rest of the laboratories and can

only be entered after a decontamination process. The habitat

will provide enough space for three people. Each

habitat is equipped with all main and sublife support

systems and even has a special mechanism for collecting

condensed water.

... more exactly: near the

Greenhouse Facility

92

THE PACLINGS

Timeline

When?

The PAClings

First cargo and

habitat

First crew

First expansion

Waste production

grows

Future

Robotic mission and

preparing the first

habitat for the crew.

Habitat and

laboratory with a

composter and heat

reactor in testing

Biosafety Level 2

First testing lab

becomes the bioreactor

chamber. Additional

inflatables for composter

and heat reactor.

Biosafety Level 4

Facilities grow and

produce more waste

and so does the

PAClings facility.

Biosafety Level 4

Architecture can

expand; more

recycling possibilities,

like polymeres and

metals.

Biosafety Level 4

+ + +

Moonlings

Second phase with

first working lunar

station. Missions for

mending every few

weeks.

Habitats have

increased in safety

for the crew. Solar

and nuclear energy

production grows.

Mission for a few

months.

Transportation

systems between

the facilities have

improved.

Self-sustainable

habitat producing

enough oxygen,

water and food. Food

production from the

greenhouses for the

crew.

Development of

industry for futher

missions to Mars.

Lagrangian launchbase.

Possible orbital

stations for energy

production. Gravity

simulations.

x4 x6 x15 x30 x50

93


Payloads

First stage

1. One main airlock and a

suitlock for EVA.

2. Two inflatables of

different sizes for

one habitat and one

laboratory.

3. One lunar rover and a

smaller docking-airlock.

4. Crew with the first three

PAClings.

94

THE PACLINGS

Payloads

Second stage

1. One main airlock

and a suitlock for

EVA.

2. Two inflatables of

different sizes for

one habitat and one

laboratory.

3. One lunar rover and

a smaller dockingairlock.

4. Third main airlock

with an additional

mini airlock.

5. and 6. Two

additional rockets,

each with one

inflatable and

additional free

space for scientific

equipment.

7. Crew with the first three

PAClings.

95


Chemical processes

POO BAGS

BIOWASTE

GREEN WASTE

H 2 O WATER

O 2 OXYGEN

N 2 NITROGEN

H 2 HYDROGEN

H 2 S HYDROGEN SULFIDE

NH 2 AMMONIA

P PHOSPHATE

LUNAR GREENHOUSES

LUNAR HABITATS

144kg per month

URINAL

45L per person per month

COMMODE

9,83kg per person

per month

COMPOSTER URINE COLLECTOR BIOREACTOR

10% SLUDGE

CH 4

MOLECULE SEPARATION

PROCESS

K + N 2

P H 2 O

ELECTROLYSIS

STATION TANK

H 2 O+ electricity

O 2

2H 2

BIOGAS

CH 4

CO 2

N 2

O 2

H 2 S

H 2

NH 3

SABATIER REACTION

4H 2 +CO 2 ---> 2H 2 +CH 4

HEAT REACTOR

CH 4

FERTILISER

0,334L per month

HEAT

ROCKET FUEL

FERTILISER

40,16L per month

96

THE PACLINGS

Level 0

ERZEUGT DURCH EINE AUTODESK-STUDENTENVERSION

97


Bioreactor

1m

1m

98

THE PACLINGS

Composter

Composter

Rack

Controlling

Composter

Pad

Element

2m‡

URIN AND WATER

191m†

COMPOSTER

191m†

DELIVERY

COMPOSTER

Gastank

Opening

Delivery Module

BIOREACTOR

DELIVERY

BIOREACTOR

Groundfloor Composter

1:100

1m 5m 10m

99


Habitat

1m

Air fountain for collecting

condensed water

with small house plant racks

Eating area

3 sleeping capsules

Water and oxygen

generator

Control station

Laboratory station

100

THE PACLINGS

Axonometry

Methane, oxygen and hydrogen tanks

Outer shells

Water shells for safe haven

Connecting elements

Habitats

Complete structure

101

Element

Detail HB2 Cargo | ENVISIONING THE MOON VILLAGE

1:50

Details

1m 2m 3m

A

11

1

2

3

B

A

4

lass 10mm

nnected to

tem 25mm

ssure Panes

licate Glass

25mm

6

Outside 5

7

8

9

10

1m² Total V

2,96m³

1Element Total V

0,9129m³

B

Regolith 1000mm

A

loss Front Silver View Section AA Section BB Cargo Package

Coating

Dock

Groundfloor

Cargo Docking Module

A

ssure Panes

licate Glass

25mm

nnected to

tem 25mm

lass 10mm

Buffer Zone 800mm

B

Inflatable 30mm

Connection

10x124x10mm

B

Waterbag

300x300x150mm

Spacer Ø10

H120mm

A

Safe Haven Water Wall 30mm

Detail Suitlock

1:50

Inner Layer 3mm

Wall construction detail

1m 2m 3m

Suitlock detail

Inside

Detail Safe Haven

1:20

102

0,5m 1m 1,5m

AUTODESK-STUDENTENVERSION

THE PACLINGS

Methane

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Carbon dioxide

Atmosphere

80-90 Pa


+ Another subject – biodegrading and recycling human

waste – that deserves a lot more research and development

among space nations, and a very worthwhile

subject to study.

+ Rational approach to payload stowage and manifesting.

- Burning methane with oxygen for heating would add

more carbon dioxide to the crew respiration life support

load and may not be the best way to heat the lunar base.

Methane could be converted into something useful.


+ Extremely relevant theme.

+ Well structured work – concept, programme, payload

schedule and phasing are well explained and illustrated.

+ Good distribution of facilities, great diagrams facilitate

an understanding of the flow.

101 Pa

19-24 o C

15-19 o C

under 10 o C

high risk

moderate risk

low risk

103

LUNAR

gravity

orbiting satelLite.

R

research

centre

over misSion.

GReEN-

HOUSES

airlock

pv

South pole.

A

x

20

x 4

airlock

x 1

x 1

mundsen

Crater.

SHORTLY LATER...

bigelow

b 330

x 6

x 1

2021

LANDING.

ROVER

x 1

D EFLATED... ... I NFLATED... ... WITH AIRLOCK.

4 YEARS LATER.

JUMBO

DRIlLING

MACHINE

x 2

...D RIlLING...

...IN FEW MONTHS.

M EANWHILE...

...M OVING

B 330

INSIDE...

L ife on

the MoOn...

INFLATABLE AND DEPLOYABLE!

2025:

C onclusion.

LUNAR

gravity

research

centre

The first children in low gravity!

GARAGE GATE...

NEW FAMILIES!

...FOR ROVER TRIPS.

CREW

Project by

SPACE ARCHITECTURE:

ENVISIONING THE MOONVILLAGE

Martina Meulli | Marta Mion | Bernhard Redl

MISSION LENGTH

TU Wien

Summer Semester 2018

Professor: Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger

Martina Meulli

Marta Mion

Bernhard Redl

up to 5 families

initially 6 people

for many years!

MISSION OBJECTIVE

scientific research

first children born on the Moon

LOCATION

South Pole Amudsen Crater

...E xperiencing

1/6 gravity.

the

end

CONSTRUCTION

use of lava tubes


Summary

The Lunar Gravity Research Centre focuses on the long term

effects of the low gravity on humans and especially children. In

this project, five pioneer couples build a base in multiple phases

and will give birth to the first extra-terrestrial children.

The proximity to Earth, which allows for a possible fallback,

should not trivialise the enormous personal dedication these

explorers will need to have. With only the bravest scientists and

future Moon-parents, daily life on the Moon will be organised

by themselves, resulting in a commune style research facility.

Humanity has reached the point where a exploration of deeper

space and other celestial bodies has become important. This goal

requires the performance of generation spanning space journeys.

Distance and time ultimately require human reproduction on the

journeys, for which the Moon can serve as first testing area.

WHO?

The facility is deep inside the lunar rock, which shields the habitats

COMMUNE

from any form of external radiation, preventing degeneration of

stem cells. Additionally, the interior of the base is organised in a

way that encourages physical education and make advantage

WHO?

of

COMMUNE

the reduced gravity on the Moon.

The base is self-sufficient regarding food, oxygen and water,

but will be supplied from Earth with essential goods. Humanity

5 families

already has proven that it can settle in harsh environments on

Earth. Now it needs to be proven that this can be done on the

Moon as well.

5 families

WHERE?

SOUTH POLE

Main Concept Ideas

WHO?

COMMUNE

5 families

WHERE?

SOUTH POLE

WHY?

LOW-GRAVITY RESEARCH

WHY?


Amundsen Crater

1/6 g

1/6 g

HOW?

COUPLES

BECOMING MOON FAMILIES

GRAVITY

EFFECTS ON HUMAN BODY

WHY?


1/6 g

HOW?

Bigelow B330

Jumbo drilling machines

WHERE?

SOUTH POLE

HOW?

Bigelow B330

Amundsen Crater

Jumbo Bigelow drilling B330 machines

Amundsen Crater

Jumbo drilling machines

CAVE

FOR RADIATION PROTECTION

106

LUNAR GRAVITY RESEARCH CENTRE

Time Frame & Payloads

WHEN?

2021

2021

2021

2023 2021

2025

44 people people + 2 airlocks

+ PV

panels + PV + panels B330 + inflatable B330

2 jumbo drilling drilling machines machines 20 20 inflatable inflatable greenhouses greenhouses

6 people people + cargo cargo + + rover rover

The time frame begins with the first crew of four people

bringing airlocks, PV for energy and an inflatable to the

Moon. Additionally, the equipment for drilling the cave is

brought to the surface of the Moon.

SATELLITE

NAVIGATION

MOON VILLAGE

The inflatable greenhouses are brought shortly after the

cave has been excavated, which is an autonomous task.

Finally, when the cave is pressurised and the greenhouses

are ready, six people arrive.

Drilling / Deployable Operation

For the drilling process, two mechanical jumbos are used.

These machines are used on Earth in mining operations by

deploying explosives into small drilled holes.

Machine designs and dimensions from Sandvik are used

as a reference.

Human

waste

PAC

LINGS

General

waste

Visitors

Extra

oxygen

LUNAR

PORT

Landings

RESEARCH

FOOD

LAB

Extra

food

Food

waste

ROBOTIC

OPERATION

The excavated material of the artificially built cave can be

used as additional shielding for the entrance area, which

consists of a suite board module acting as an airlock.

Integration to the Moon Village

Although independent and resilient, the Gravity Research

Centre integrates with the rest of the Moon Village and

uses services like transportation and enrichment of the

diet by getting extra food from the food research lab.

The lunar port is used to enable scientists to visit the

commune and to bring essential goods to the research

centre.

107


Floor Plan

The greenhouses are stacked on multiple levels to create

food and oxygen for the commune. In total, there are 18

greenhouses to cover the basic needs of the inhabitants.

They are inflated once placed in the tunnels, which are

drilled for them.

secondary emergency exit

greenhouses

with attached life support

system

garage

kitchen

entrance with Bigelow

module for research

main sleeping area

public living room, gravity

experimental area

108


Section of the Habitat

The main sleeping area consists of

cones with a textile surface, which

are hanging in the cave. The cones

are of variable sizes to fit different

family sizes and needs.

Smaller cones can be attached to

bigger cones and allow for variable

living situations. All the cones can be

easily lowered to the ground by using

a rope for easy maintainability and

flexibility.

Most of the cones are dedicated

to the members of the commune,

however, some can be used to

accommodate visitors.

The main space is the highest part of the artificially

created cave and is used to ensure physical health

by using the lower gravity of the Moon to encourage

the inhabitants to climb.

mirror system to get

sunlight into the cave

109


Section of the Habitat

This section shows the entrances to the greenhouses,

which are inside the tunnels. The greenhouses

can be reached by special ladders that assist in the

climbing process.

To hide the pipes and technical infrastructure for

venting and life support, an artificial floor is created

on top of the cave’s natural surface.

110



+ Study of human adaptation to one-sixth gravity as the

defining phenomenon of a lunar settlement rather than a

by-product of it.

+ Designing the facilities around one-sixth gravity as an

innovative experience.

- Not a design weakness but rather a moral and ethical

dilemma of raising children in a partial gravity environment

and its potentially irreversible effect on human

physiology – something that deserves some discussion.

This section shows the use of the suitport and the

connection to the excavated cave. The suitport keeps

the dust outside the habitat and provides the transition

from the pressurised interior zone to the outside zone.

The module is covered with lunar regolith for protection.


+ Interesting concept, especially when considering its

placement within the Moon Village and the interdependence

with other projects.

Open Questions: Furhter exploration of the interaction,

which the desgin could cause between families, would be

interesting, for instance isolation versus interaction.

What are the best facilities to experiment with lower

gravity?

111

LUNAR PEARL

Project by

Luka Slivnjak | Simon Sekereš

CREW

3 astronauts

MISSION LENGTH

28 days, up to 3 months

MISSION OBJECTIVE

LOCATION

lava tubes scouting, geological

research and human factors research

North Pole (Philolaus crater)

CONSTRUCTION

prefabricated and deployable

modules for the first phase; use

of lava tubes


Summary

The design concept of the exploration centre follows

the idea of a pearl in a shell, because the main goal is

to make a module that can be later moved from the

surface to the inside of the lava tubes. In the beginning,

the module has to be located on the surface, because

the topography and structural stability of the lava tubes

is not known.

Lava Tube Rational

The Lunar Pearl concentrates on the topic of lava

tube exploration. Lava tubes provide a sheltered

environment that has a huge potential for human

habitation. The protection against micrometeoroids

(1) and radiation (2) along with constant temperatures

(3) are some of the advantages that lava tubes provide.

However, there are a lot of things that we do not know

about lava tubes, for example the topography, their

structural stability and the mineral composition of the

bedrock. Detailed research would provide evidence

of the lava tubes suitability for human habitation.

Geological research of the lava tubes could also

provide evidence of a pristine, undisturbed lunar

bedrock mineral composition. Lava tubes research is

the key to understanding the history of volcanism and

seismic activity on the Moon.

1

3

1

2 3

114

Shelter from micro-meteoroids Shelter from radiation High temperature differences

on the surface versus constant

temperature in the lava tubes

LUNAR PEARL

Location

Philolaus is a lunar impact crater that is located in the

northern part of the Moon’s near side. It lies east of

the crater Anaximenes, and west of the smaller crater

Anaxagoras. Philolaus retains a well-defined form that

has not changed significantly since it was originally

created.

+ Enables diversity of habitat construction

(on surface, inside lava tubes,...)

+ Near the North Pole

(relatively constant temperatures)

+ Possible ice water resources

+ Access to underground lava tubes and cave networks

+ Peaks of eternal light

+ Relatively young crater

+ Possibility for a good communication with Earth

+ Practice for Mars

- Not enough research done

PHILOLAUS

115


Storyboard

Observation

Arrival of module

Module transportation

Underground station

Robots build shelter

Module expansion

Robots research lava

tubes

116

GSPublisherEngine 0.9.100.100

LUNAR PEARL

Construction

Using robots for early lava tube exploration seems

to be a reasonable way, because it could be too risky

for humans. With robotic assistance, a suitable place

for the underground module’s placement could be

determined to ensure further lava tube exploration and

research.

Facing the challenge of how to create a multi-usable

research module that is protected from all sorts of

dangers that come along with constructing on the

Moon (SPE, micrometeoroids, ...), the idea of having

a fixed shielding system (1) that functions like a

shell to protect the pearl (the habitable module) was

developed.

Regolith is available on-site and is used as main

material for the shielding. After the construction of the

outer shell, the inflatable modules are deployed from

the main cylindric core. The core houses most of the

technical systems (life support system, hygiene, food

preparation, work ...). The inflatable volumes serve

as extension of the habitable space. Those can be

deflated later, in order to be transported underground.

1. Shield

+

2. Module

=

Core module

Inflatable module

3. Protected lunar surface base

Inflation system scheme

117


Floor Plan

B

medical and

exercise extension

medical

storage

sleeping/private

storage

storage

sleeping/private

A

exercise

sampling

sleeping/private

A

storage

scanning electron

microscope

kitchen area

infrared

spectroscopy

private sleeping

polarising microscope

work space

suitport

suitport

B

1m 2m 5m

118

GSPublisherEngine 0.9.100.100

LUNAR PEARL

Sections

systems

systems

A-A

1m 2m 5m

suitport

docked rover

water management

environmental monitoring

atmosphere management

life support

1m 2m 5m

B-B

119


Life support system scheme

120

LUNAR PEARL


+ Using robots to build the shelter and then explore

the lava tubes in advance of human arrival is definitely

a sensible approach.

+ Modest initial size of the habitat with just three

modules and suitport is also a sensible first step

- Need to avoid venting any waste gasses such

as acetylene into the lunar environment to avoid

contaminating it (consider the Bosch system).

- Hemispherical shield construction needs definition.


+ Very clear definition of the intent, giving background

of the lava tube relevance.

+ Phasing well demonstrated.

121

LUNAR

SCOUTING UNIT

Project by

Esat Sehi

CREW

2 - 3 astronauts

MISSION LENGTH

MISSION OBJECTIVE

LOCATION

CONSTRUCTION

7 to 30 days

scouting for new areas,

preliminary research

various scouting locations

double layered sandwich

aluminium shielding with

kevlar fabric & Nextel in

the intermediate bumper.

Carbonfibre membranes,

Nextel ceramic & foam, Nomex

fireproof material.


Summary

On December 11 th , 1972, Apollo 17 landed on the Moon.

That was the last mission that saw a human presence on

our closest celestial neighbour.

The Lunar Scouting Team consists of explorers who

research the Moon’s environment to better understand

its features in order to ease future human presence on

the Moon. The teams travel along the lunar surface and

its natural cavities such as caves, lava tubes, pit holes etc.

It is important to research and explore the unknown

and to provide humanity with all information about the

Moon. Research questions include: What are possibilities

for building, how and for what can we use ISRU such as

regolith, where are places for a safe stay, and how can we

best extract water for future breeding and cultivation etc.

The mobile habitable rover is designed to fit in today’s

modern rockets (Falcon) and enables missions for 15 - 40

days.

Exploring natural and artificial openings. The openings

are closed with deployable airlocks, providing short term

habitation and a research facility.

Multiple different parametric deployable units cover the

initial openings and transform the space between the unit

and the hatches into short term protected ‘garden‘.

124

cted environment

, caves.

After the mission, Orbiter is relocating or moving back to park on L1 or L2 until the next mission. This is the approach for

landing on the Moon, but the design process is feasible with today’s rocket technology.

LUNAR SCOUTING UNIT

Exploring natural and artificial openings.

ks, providing short term habitat and research facility

irlocks, DU) covers providing the initial short openings term habitat and creates and research the space between facility the PDU and the hatchet into short term protected ‘garden‚.

its (PDU) covers the initial openings and creates the space between the PDU and the hatchet into short term protected ‘garden‚.

Psychological aspects play an important role in

rover design. Deployable and inflatable units provide

round and/or other naturaly protected cavities / openigs from hazards Lunar features.

sign. Deployable and

comfortable

Inflatable units

habitable

provide comfortable

conditions

habitable

in extreme

conditions

environment.

in extreme enviroment.

sh the perfect location for future Lunar Village

Two pressurised lunar scouting units can be connected

with each other. In addtion, an inflatable structure can

be deployed, allowing the crew to comfortably live in an

extreme environment.

oyable), each with 2 crew members connect with each other through the airlocks of the deployable and/or through the Inflatable.

erground and/or other naturaly protected cavities / openigs from hazards Lunar features.

like packed membrane that is being inflated for longer duration missions (> 7 days), thus allowing the crew a comfortable habitat in extreme enviroment.

r design. Deployable and Inflatable units provide comfortable habitable conditions in extreme enviroment.

tablish the perfect location for future Lunar Village

GADGETS & TECHNOLOGY

125


3

A

14

1

2 3

4

5a

5

3

12

8

7

6

5a

5

1

9

11

126

15

LUNAR SCOUTING UNIT

16

17

A


+ Scouting implies full mobility, which this scheme begins

to develop with a detailed drawing of an adaptable vehicle

that divides and transforms into an inflatable structure of

some kind.

- The inflatable structure has a complicated and

irregular form that is incompatible with the high internal

pressurisation required (i.e. concave depressions will billow

out).

.

6 7 8 14

2

1


+ Very interesting mobile exploration unit idea.

1:50

Open Questions: The system parts and system itself could

be explored in greater detail.

FLOORPLAN 1:25

4

13

3

2

1

4 7

1

12

9

10

SECTION A 1:25

127

SECTION 1 SECTION 2

LUNAR

SOCIALISER

Project by

Aleksandar Mrkahic | Amila Imamovic

CREW

2-6 people

MISSION LENGTH

max 14 days

MISSION OBJECTIVE

connecting the Moon village,

relaxation and exchange

LOCATION

moving over the Moon

CONSTRUCTION

prefabricated module


Summary

One of the crucial issues of the whole Moon Village

experience are social aspects and challenges the

inhabitants will be confronted with. The Lunar Socialiser

stimulates people to engage and spend more time with

their fellow villagers, and offers activities and content for

which they would not necessarily have the time, or the

means at their base.

Because everyday life on the Moon would be very

psychologically demanding and monotonous, the project

aims to give the inhabitants the opportunity to physically

connect with people from other Moon units.

The lunar social network isn’t tied to one specific location.

In order for it to function the assumption is made, that

there are already several Moon bases populated with

people. Once this is achieved, the lunar social network can

start to develop. Its use is intended for everyone living and

working on the Moon. The main concept of the lunar social

network are the Lunar Socialiser vehicles, which would

connect different Moon bases and also transport people

from one base to another, offering them a completely

different experience during the voyage.

Analogies from Earth helped develop the concept for the

Moon. One of the examples are semi-nomadic societies like

the Tuareg people, who inhabit the Sahara desert since the

5 th century. Their voyages through the desert in caravans,

riding on camels, facing all the environmental difficulties

have a lot of similarities with what Lunar Socialisers are

trying to accomplish.

130

SOCIALISER

1

Transportation from Earth to Moon

2Zoom in

3Socialiser’s path

4 Docking

5Travelling / Exploring mode

6Charging mode

Another aspect of our project is

the charging/docking stations

which would be located on the

paths between the moon bases.

One of our proposals for the

location of the stations is the trio

of craters Ptolemaeus, Alphonsus,

and Arzachel, north-east of Mare

Nubium. This is a very interesting

area carved with long valleys

and would provide an excellent

opportunity for sightseeing and

retreat from the base.

The Socialiser weights about three

to four tons, which means that the

16 t Falcon 9 heavy payload would

be enough to carry up to four

vehicles in one trip.

131


132

SOCIALISER

One Lunar Socialiser vehicle would be able to carry

between 2 to 6 people and it would be operated from

a fixed control deck at the front of the vehicle. It is

called The Socialiser because the idea is that the

vehicle is not just a transportation system, but that it

also offers enough space and content to make the trip

between the bases interesting and stimulating.


+ Another scheme with the emphasis on mobility that is

handled well with a flexible docking station approach to

enable crew contact and interchange.

+ Expandable/retractable module volume is a clever solution

to increased habitat volume on an intermittent basis.

- More definition of the vehicle design and construction

would have been a valuable addition.


+ Clear concept of increasing human interaction in the

context of isolation and confinement.

+ Great sketches.

Could develop the detailing of the units a bit further.

Open Questions: The units could be developed with greater

detail.

133

LUNAR PORT

Project by

Polina Baliuk | Rychtarik Patrick | Tetiana Frych

CREW

MISSION LENGTH

MISSION OBJECTIVE

2 astronauts

3 guests

astronauts: 6 months

guests: up to a few days

lowering the threshold for space

access

LOCATION

South Pole

CONSTRUCTION

prefabricated module and in-situresource-utilisation

for radiation

protection


Summary

The ‚Lunar Port‘ is a joint project, bringing independent

parties from the fields of science, tourism, mining and

further economical areas together. The idea is to establish

a transportation system between Earth, Moon and later on

Mars and other celestial bodies. The project itself is meant

to be open - everybody with an interest of getting into

space is invited to take part. The final goal is to give all its

participants an easy access to space. This can happen with

the benefit of sharing technology and hardware in addition

to generating rocket fuel in form of hydrogen directly on

the lunar surface.

In the future, there will be several moon bases for different

uses. Most likely, the majority of moon exploration will take

place around the South Pole.

The idea is to establish a central landing and starting point

in the area. People and goods from different institutions

could get there, have a short term stay and then move

forward to their destination.

Transportation Earth-Moon

1

4

2

3

The Lunar Port is located at the

South Pole, close to other

bases and the frozen water

deposits.

From frozen water rocket fuel

is produced and brought to

the port.

1

Rocket starts from Earth,

fully fueled with hydrogen.

Energy required for

a rocket launch from

the surface of Earth:

32,9 MJ/kg

2 Controlled landing at 3 Maintenance and refueling

the Rocket with

4

lunar port. Approximately

20% of the hydrogen oxygen. Ready for

is left.

restart to Earth.

Energy required for a

rocket launch from

the surface of Moon:

2,9 MJ/kg

The rocket goes back

to Earth. After its

landing still more than

90% of its tank is full.

136

LUNAR PORT

Transportation Earth-Deep Space

Next stop Mars!

4

1

3

Orbital Gateway at

Lagrange Point

EML1 (approx. 54.000

km from Moon‘s

centre of mass). A

satellite or a space

station can stay here

for years almost

without traction.

2

Mining H2O at the South

Pole for Hydrogen as rocket

fuel.

1

A space ship starts from

Earth to Lagrange Point

EML1 and stops at the

Orbital Gateway.

2

A ‘tanker rocket‘ is

coming from the Lunar

Port also to the Orbital

Gateway.

3

The ‘Tanker rocket‘ is

refueling the space ship.

4

The space ship takes off

for its final destination

into deep space.

Furthermore, several craters on the South Pole are known

to contain water deposits in minable quality. By electrolysis,

water can be decomposited into hydrogen and

oxygen. Amongst others things, these elements can be

used as rocket fuel.

Because of the lower Moon gravity, it is possible to

launch rockets and bring them back to Earth nearly fully

fueled. With the help of reusable rockets, it is possible

to establish a transportation system without consuming

large amounts of resources from Earth.

137


Phase 1

TERMINAL /

CONTROL CENTER

LAUNCH PAD 1

Phase 2

ROCKET

MAINTENANCE

HYDROGEN-/OXYGEN STORAGE

ROCKET

MAINTENANCE


LAUNCH PAD 2

TECHNOLOGY CENTER

GREENHOUSE

ACCOMMODATION

CONTROL

CENTER

LAUNCH PAD 1

ROCKET

MAINTENANCE


138

LUNAR PORT

ROCKET

MAINTENANCE


LAUNCH PAD 2

LAUNCH PAD 4

TECHNOLOGY CENTER

GREENHOUSE

ACCOMMODATION

CONTROL

CENTER

LAUNCH PAD 1

LAUNCH PAD 3

OPERATIONAL

TRAINING

LABORATORY

GREENHOUSE

ROCKET

MAINTENANCE


Phase 3

The final phase of the Lunar Port consists of four

different launch pads and two rocket maintenance

facilities. These are connected to the hydrogen

and oxygen storages. There will also be a laboratory,

technology centre, operational training area and

accommodations. The whole area is supported by

two greenhouses and several nuclear energy facilities.

The typical process at the port starts with a

successful landing and transportation of the people

by rover to the control centre, which also acts as

a terminal in the first phases. From there on, people

are brought to their final destinations by a cable car

system.

139


Floorplan ground floor // Scale 1:200

813

105

kitchen

hygiene unit

979

1

2

Athlete (NASA)

for transportation

of cargo

storage

SEV (NASA)

transportation of people from

the rocket to the base

security check

administration

air lock

2

566 105

979

51

sleeping unit (guests)

storage

1

140

LUNAR PORT

Floor Plan upper floor // Scale 1:200

1

greenhouse

hygiene unit

2

WM

276

2

sleeping unit (crew)

working space

controlling of other facilities

1

141


Section 1-1 // Scale

CABLE CAR SYSTEM

brings the passengers to their

final destination

239

60

234

480

265

720

76 584 60

200

Section 2-2 // Scale

CUPOLA

for observation and

launch control

INNER INFLATABLE

pressurised and decoupled from the

outer shell for meteorite protection

142

281

595 65

LAYER OF REGOLITH

2,00 m, 3d-printed

ADDITIONAL INFLATABLE

as support structure

720

142

LUNAR PORT


+ Incremental build-up through a three-phase master plan

would fit well with a stretched-out budget that will be

inevitable with any lunar base.

+ Interconnected modules shielded by lunar regolith shell

is a straightforward solution.

+ Projecting control tower is an innovative addition.

- Earth-Moon transportation trajectories are more complicated

than shown and low energy trajectories that use

less propellant are applicable for non-crewed payloads.


+ Great connection and link to other projects.

Open Questions: It would be interesting to see more

details on the landing pad design. What are the basic

requirements of current rocket landing technology?

143


More projects

...

144

MORE PROJECTS

MOON OBSERVATORY

Alexandros Ioannou-Naoum | Daniel Can Wittek

The main part of the lunar farside shall be defined by the

UN as protected area in order to explore the universe

in the interest of mankind (reference to a paper by Dr.

Maccone).

The Moon Observatory project uses the natural shielding

of the lunar far side from radio interferences, light

pollution and infrared waves from the Earth. The Lofarantennas

and infrared telescopes are placed on the

farside of the Moon - in a semi-protected area. The Moon

Observatory is situated on the near side of the Moon,

close to the North Pole.

No building

construction - No

interferences

Only scientific research -

Minimal interferences

The Moon Observatory consists of a hybrid central truncated

cuboctahedron structure, to which inflatables can be docked.

The observatory has been designed for 4 scientists. The concept

allows the exchange of a variety of inflatables over time, which

enhances the variability of space and function.

145


SPIRAL

Domagoy Krhen | Lovro Koncar-Gamulin

The idea is to establish a mining facility that would

utilise lunar resources by harvesting lunar soil and rare

Earth minerals for further development such as building

materials, scientific research and new electronic services.

The spine of the structure consists of a cargo elevator,

personel elevator and spiral functional floors.

146

MORE PROJECTS

MATERIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH MODULE

Nadja Drageljevic

The Material Science Research Module will research

and evaluate lunar materials to push the development of

the Moon village. Material research will help to provide

sustainability on the Moon and prevent any kind of

material-caused pollution.

147

ENVISIONING THE MOON VILLAGE - Space Architecture Design Studio SS2018

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