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Chapter 4img_path = 'cat.jpg'img = image.load_img(img_path, target_size=(224, 224))x = image.img_to_array(img)x = np.expand_dims(x, axis=0)x = preprocess_input(x)# get the features from this blockfeatures = model.predict(x)print(features)You might wonder why we want to extract the features from an intermediate layerin a DCNN. The reasoning is that as the network learns to classify images intocategories, each layer learns to identify the features that are necessary to performthe final classification. Lower layers identify lower-order features such as colorand edges, and higher layers compose these lower-order features into higher-orderfeatures such as shapes or objects. Hence, the intermediate layer has the capabilityto extract important features from an image, and these features are more likely tohelp in different kinds of classification.This has multiple advantages. First, we can rely on publicly available large-scaletraining and transfer this learning to novel domains. Second, we can save time forexpensive large training. Third, we can provide reasonable solutions even when wedon't have a large number of training examples for our domain. We also get a goodstarting network shape for the task at hand, instead of guessing it.With this, we will conclude the overview of VGG-16 CNNs, the last deep learningmodel defined in this chapter. You will see more examples of CNNs in the nextchapter.SummaryIn this chapter we have learned how to use deep learning convnets for recognizingMNIST handwritten characters with high accuracy. We used the CIFAR-10 datasetfor building a deep learning classifier with 10 categories, and the ImageNet datasetto build an accurate classifier with 1,000 categories. In addition, we investigated howto use large deep learning networks such as VGG16 and very deep networks suchas InceptionV3. We concluded with a discussion on transfer learning; in the nextchapter we'll see how to adapt prebuilt models trained on large datasets so that theycan work well on a new domain.[ 137 ]
Convolutional Neural NetworksReferences1. Y. LeCun and Y. Bengio, Convolutional Networks for Images, Speech, and Time-Series, Handb. brain Theory Neural networks, vol. 3361, 1995.2. L. Wan, M. Zeiler, S. Zhang, Y. L. Cun, and R. Fergus, Regularization of NeuralNetworks using DropConnect, Proc. 30th Int. Conf. Mach. Learn., pp. 1058–1066, 2013.3. B. Graham, Fractional Max-Pooling, arXiv Prepr. arXiv: 1412.6071, 2014.4. K. Simonyan and A. Zisserman, Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition, arXiv ePrints, Sep. 2014.[ 138 ]
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Deep Learning withTensorFlow 2 and
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packt.comSubscribe to our online di
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I want to thank my kids, Aurora, Le
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Sujit Pal is a Technology Research
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Table of ContentsPrefacexiChapter 1
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[ iii ]Table of ContentsConverting
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Table of ContentsSo what is the pro
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[ vii ]Table of ContentsChapter 10:
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Table of ContentsPretrained models
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PrefaceDeep Learning with TensorFlo
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• Supervised learning, in which t
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PrefaceThe complexity of deep learn
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PrefaceFigure 5: Adoption of deep l
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Chapter 1, Neural Network Foundatio
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PrefaceChapter 13, TensorFlow for M
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ConventionsThere are a number of te
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PrefaceReferences1. Deep Learning w
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Neural Network Foundations with Ten
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TensorFlow 1.x and 2.xThe intent of
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An example to start withWe'll consi
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Chapter 23. Placeholders: Placehold
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• To create random values from a
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To know the value, we need to creat
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Chapter 2Both PyTorch and TensorFlo
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Chapter 2state = [tf.zeros([100, 10
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Chapter 2For now, there's no need t
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Chapter 2Let's see an example of a
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Chapter 2If you want to save a mode
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Chapter 2supervised=True)train_data
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Chapter 2There, tf.feature_column.n
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Chapter 2print (dz_dx)print (dy_dx)
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Chapter 2In our toy example we use
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Chapter 2For multi-machine training
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Chapter 25. Use tf.layers modules t
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Chapter 2Keras or tf.keras?Another
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• tf.data can be used to load mod
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Page 137 and 138: RegressionIn regression the aim is
Page 139 and 140: RegressionThe Estimator outputs the
Page 141 and 142: RegressionThe following is the grap
Page 143 and 144: RegressionReferencesHere are some g
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Advanced Convolutional Neural Netwo
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GenerativeAdversarial NetworksIn th
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[ 193 ]Chapter 6Eventually, we reac
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[ 195 ]Chapter 6Next, we combine th
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Chapter 6And handwritten digits gen
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Chapter 6Figure 1: Visualizing the
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Chapter 6The resultant generator mo
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Chapter 6Figure 4: A summary of res
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Chapter 6def train(self, epochs, ba
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Chapter 6The preceding images were
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Chapter 6Another interesting paper
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Chapter 6To elaborate, let us say t
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Chapter 6Figure 7: The architecture
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Chapter 6Figure 11: Illegible initi
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Chapter 6Bedrooms: Generated bedroo
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Chapter 6The images need to be norm
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Chapter 6initializer = tf.random_no
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Cool, right? Now we can define the
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Chapter 6d_loss = (dA_loss + dB_los
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Chapter 6generator_AB.save_weights(
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6. Ledig, Christian, et al. Photo-R
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Word EmbeddingsDeep learning models
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Word EmbeddingsFor example, "crucia
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Word EmbeddingsAssuming a window si
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Word EmbeddingsGloVeThe Global vect
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Word Embeddingsgensim is an open so
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Word Embeddingsgensim also provides
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Word EmbeddingsSpecifically, we wil
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Word EmbeddingsWe will also convert
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Word EmbeddingsE = np.zeros((vocab_
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Word Embeddingsx = self.embedding(x
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Word EmbeddingsThe change in valida
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Word EmbeddingsThe dataset is a 114
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Word Embeddingsprint("random walks
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Word Embeddingssize=128, # size of
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Word EmbeddingsfastText computes em
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Word EmbeddingsIn the future, once
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Word EmbeddingsA much earlier relat
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Word EmbeddingsOnce you have the fi
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Word EmbeddingsThis will create the
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Word EmbeddingsClassifying with BER
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Word Embeddings2. Each Transformer
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Word EmbeddingsOnce trained, we sav
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Word Embeddings4. Pennington, J., S
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Word Embeddings34. Google Research,
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Recurrent Neural NetworksWe will th
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Recurrent Neural NetworksFor notati
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Recurrent Neural NetworksThis probl
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Recurrent Neural NetworksThe line a
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Recurrent Neural NetworksGated recu
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Recurrent Neural NetworksThis probl
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Recurrent Neural NetworksThe topolo
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Recurrent Neural Networkstexts = do
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Recurrent Neural Networksdef call(s
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Recurrent Neural Networks# callback
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Recurrent Neural NetworksExample
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Recurrent Neural NetworksAs can be
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Recurrent Neural Networksdata_dir =
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Recurrent Neural NetworksWe can als
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Recurrent Neural NetworksIn order t
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Recurrent Neural Networkssource_voc
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Recurrent Neural NetworksFinally, w
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Recurrent Neural Networks38 - val_l
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Recurrent Neural NetworksIf you wou
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Recurrent Neural NetworksExample
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Recurrent Neural NetworksNext we ha
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Recurrent Neural Networksself.embed
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Recurrent Neural NetworksThis is a
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Recurrent Neural Networksreturn np.
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Recurrent Neural NetworksAttention
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Recurrent Neural NetworksFinally, V
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Recurrent Neural Networks# query.sh
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Recurrent Neural Networksself.atten
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Recurrent Neural Networks30 try to
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Recurrent Neural Networks3. Because
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Recurrent Neural NetworksSummaryIn
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Recurrent Neural Networks18. Shi, X
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AutoencodersAutoencoders are feed-f
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Depending upon the actual dimension
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• __init__(): Here, you define al
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Chapter 9And then we reshape the te
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Chapter 9plt.imshow(x_test[index].r
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Chapter 9Keeping the rest of the co
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noise = np.random.normal(loc=0.5, s
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Chapter 9x_train,validation_data=(x
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Chapter 9import matplotlib.pyplot a
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Chapter 9self.conv4 = Conv2D(1, 3,
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Chapter 9You can see that the image
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[ 367 ]Chapter 9Let us use the prec
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Chapter 9Our autoencoder model take
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We train the autoencoder for 20 epo
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Chapter 90.97905576229095460.989323
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Unsupervised LearningThis chapter d
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Chapter 10Next we load the MNIST da
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Chapter 10TensorFlow Embedding APIT
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3. Recompute the centroids using cu
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Chapter 10Figure 4: Plot of the fin
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Chapter 10In SOMs, neurons are usua
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[ 387 ]Chapter 10Colour mapping usi
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Chapter 10# Calculating Neighbourho
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We will also need to normalize the
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Chapter 10ρρ(vv oo |h oo ) = σσ
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# Generate the sample probabilityde
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Chapter 10And the reconstructed ima
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Chapter 10inpX = rbm.rbm_output(inp
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Chapter 10(60000, 28, 28) (60000,)(
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Chapter 10Figure 11: Summary of the
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Chapter 10This chapter, along with
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Reinforcement LearningThis chapter
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Chapter 11And unlike unsupervised l
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Chapter 11Normally, the value is de
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Chapter 11• The next question tha
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Chapter 11This neural network takes
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Chapter 11The MuJoCo environment re
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Chapter 11We will first import the
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Chapter 11The αα is the learning
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Chapter 11We set up the global valu
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Chapter 11else:return np.argmax(sel
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Chapter 11DQN to play a game of Ata
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Chapter 11self.model.add( Conv2D(64
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Chapter 11Here the action A was sel
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Chapter 11Image source: https://arx
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Chapter 11A neural network is used
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Chapter 1111. Details regarding ins
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TensorFlow and Cloud• Scalability
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TensorFlow and Cloud• Azure DevOp
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TensorFlow and Cloud• Lambda: The
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TensorFlow and Cloud• Deep Learni
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TensorFlow and CloudEC2 on AmazonTo
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TensorFlow and CloudCompute Instanc
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TensorFlow and CloudYou just share
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TensorFlow and CloudIn case you req
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TensorFlow and CloudIt starts with
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TensorFlow and CloudTFX librariesTF
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TensorFlow and CloudReferences1. To
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TensorFlow for Mobile and IoT and T
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An introduction to AutoMLThat is pr
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An introduction to AutoMLFeature co
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An introduction to AutoMLThis Effic
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An introduction to AutoMLGoogle Clo
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An introduction to AutoMLThen, we c
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An introduction to AutoMLOnce the d
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An introduction to AutoMLIf your mo
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An introduction to AutoMLClicking o
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An introduction to AutoMLFigure 16:
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An introduction to AutoMLYou can al
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An introduction to AutoMLPut simply
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An introduction to AutoMLLet's star
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An introduction to AutoMLThe token
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An introduction to AutoMLThis will
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An introduction to AutoMLAt the end
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An introduction to AutoMLUsing Clou
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An introduction to AutoMLOnce the d
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An introduction to AutoMLAt the end
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An introduction to AutoMLAs the nex
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An introduction to AutoMLOnce the m
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An introduction to AutoMLThe most e
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An introduction to AutoMLReferences
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The Math Behind Deep LearningSome m
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The Math Behind Deep LearningSuppos
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The Math Behind Deep LearningNote t
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The Math Behind Deep LearningTheref
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The Math Behind Deep LearningIn thi
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The Math Behind Deep LearningHere,
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The Math Behind Deep LearningIf we
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The Math Behind Deep LearningThis c
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Tensor Processing UnitMany people b
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Tensor Processing UnitThe sequentia
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Tensor Processing UnitIf you want t
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Tensor Processing UnitOn the other
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Tensor Processing UnitHow to use TP
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Tensor Processing UnitNote that ful
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Tensor Processing UnitEpoch 10/1060
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Tensor Processing UnitFigure 11: Go
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Tensor Processing UnitThen the usag
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Other Books YouMay EnjoyIf you enjo
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Other Books You May EnjoyAI Crash C
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Other Books You May EnjoyLeave a re
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AutoML pipelinedata preparation 493
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Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(
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Google cloud consolereference link
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used, for building GAN 193-198MNIST
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regularizersreference link 38reinfo
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TensorFlow Lite 81TensorFlow Core r
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Xxception networks 160, 162YYOLO ne
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