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Appendix C: General Tables of Units of Measurement 377Units of Mass Not Less Than Avoirdupois OuncesAll underlined figures are exact.Avoirdupois Avoirdupois ShortUnits ounces pounds hundredweights Short tons1 avoirdupois ounce = 1 0.0625 0.000625 0.000031251 avoirdupois pound = 16 1 0.01 0.00051 short hundredweight = 1600 100 1 0.051 short ton = 32,000 2000 20 11 long ton = 35,840 2240 22.4 1.121 kilogram = 35.27396 2.204623 0.02204623 0.0011023111 metric ton = 35,273.96 2204.623 22.04623 1.102311Units Long tons Kilograms Metric tons1 avoirdupois ounce = 0.00002790179 0.028349523125 0.0000283495231251 avoirdupois pound = 0.0004464286 0.45359237 0.000453592371 short hundredweight = 0.04464286 45.359237 0.0453592371 short ton = 0.8928571 907.18474 0.907184741 long ton = 1 1016.0469088 1.01604690881 kilogram = 0.0009842065 1 0.0011 metric ton = 0.9842065 1000 1Units of Mass Not Greater Than Pounds and KilogramsAall underlined figures are exact.ApothecariesUnits Grains scruples Pennyweights Avoirdupois drams1 grain = 1 0.05 0.04166667 0.036571431 apoth. scruple = 20 1 0.8333333 0.73142861 pennyweight = 24 1.2 1 0.87771431 avdp. dram = 27.34375 1.3671875 1.139323 11 apoth. dram = 60 3 2.5 2.1942861 avdp. ounce = 437.5 21.875 18.22917 161 apoth. or troy oz. = 480 24 20 17.554291 apoth. or troy pound = 5760 288 240 210.65141 avdp. pound = 7000 350 291.6667 2561 milligram = 0.01543236 0.0007716179 0.0006430149 0.00056438341 gram = 15.43236 0.7716179 0.6430149 0.56438341 kilogram = 15,432.36 771.6179 643.0149 564.3834
378 Part V: AppendicesApothecaries Avoirdupois Apothecaries or Apothecaries orUnits drams ounces troy ounces troy pounds1 grain = 0.01666667 0.002285714 0.002083333 0.00017361111 apoth. scruple = 0.3333333 0.04571429 0.04166667 0.0034722221 pennyweight = 0.4 0.05485714 0.05 0.0041666671 avdp. dram = 0.4557292 0.0625 0.5696615 0.0047471791 apoth. dram = 1 0.1371429 0.125 0.010416671 avdp. ounce = 7.291667 1 0.9114583 0.075954861 apoth. or troy ounce = 8 1.097143 1 0.0833333331 apoth. or troy pound = 96 13.16571 12 11 avdp. pound = 116.6667 16 14.58333 1.2152781 milligram = 0.0002572060 0.00003527396 0.00003215075 0.0000026792291 gram = 0.2572060 0.03527396 0.03215075 0.0026792291 kilogram = 257.2060 35.27396 32.15075 2.679229AvoirdupoisUnits pounds Milligrams Grams Kilograms1 grain = 0.0001428571 64.79891 0.06479891 0.000064798911 apoth. scruple = 0.002857143 1295.9782 1.2959782 0.00129597821 pennyweight = 0.003428571 1555.17384 1.55517384 0.001555173841 avdp. dram = 0.00390625 1771.8451953125 1.7718451953125 0.00177184519531251 apoth. dram = 0.008571429 3887.9346 3.8879346 0.00388793461 avdp. ounce = 0.0625 28,349.523125 28.349523125 0.0283495231251 apoth. or troy = 0.06857143 31,103.4768 31.1034768 0.0311034768ounce1 apoth. or troy = 0.8228571 373,241.7216 373.2417216 0.3732417216pound1 avdp. pound = 1 453,592.37 453.59237 0.453592371 milligram = 0.000002204623 1 0.001 0.0000011 gram = 0.002204623 1000 1 0.0011 kilogram = 2.204623 1,000,000 1000 15. TABLES OF EQUIVALENTSIn these tables it is necessary to differentiate between the “international foot” andthe “survey foot”—the survey foot is underlined.When the name of a unit is enclosed in brackets (thus, [1 hand] . . . ), this indicates(1) that the unit is not in general current use in the United States, or (2) thatthe unit is believed to be based on “custom and usage” rather than on formalauthoritative definition.Equivalents involving decimals are, in most instances, rounded off to the thirddecimal place except where they are exact, in which cases these exact equivalentsare so designated. The equivalents of the imprecise units “tablespoon” and “teaspoon”are rounded to the nearest milliliter.
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Appendix C: General Tables of Units of Measurement 377
Units of Mass Not Less Than Avoirdupois Ounces
All underlined figures are exact.
Avoirdupois Avoirdupois Short
Units ounces pounds hundredweights Short tons
1 avoirdupois ounce = 1 0.0625 0.000625 0.00003125
1 avoirdupois pound = 16 1 0.01 0.0005
1 short hundredweight = 1600 100 1 0.05
1 short ton = 32,000 2000 20 1
1 long ton = 35,840 2240 22.4 1.12
1 kilogram = 35.27396 2.204623 0.02204623 0.001102311
1 metric ton = 35,273.96 2204.623 22.04623 1.102311
Units Long tons Kilograms Metric tons
1 avoirdupois ounce = 0.00002790179 0.028349523125 0.000028349523125
1 avoirdupois pound = 0.0004464286 0.45359237 0.00045359237
1 short hundredweight = 0.04464286 45.359237 0.045359237
1 short ton = 0.8928571 907.18474 0.90718474
1 long ton = 1 1016.0469088 1.0160469088
1 kilogram = 0.0009842065 1 0.001
1 metric ton = 0.9842065 1000 1
Units of Mass Not Greater Than Pounds and Kilograms
Aall underlined figures are exact.
Apothecaries
Units Grains scruples Pennyweights Avoirdupois drams
1 grain = 1 0.05 0.04166667 0.03657143
1 apoth. scruple = 20 1 0.8333333 0.7314286
1 pennyweight = 24 1.2 1 0.8777143
1 avdp. dram = 27.34375 1.3671875 1.139323 1
1 apoth. dram = 60 3 2.5 2.194286
1 avdp. ounce = 437.5 21.875 18.22917 16
1 apoth. or troy oz. = 480 24 20 17.55429
1 apoth. or troy pound = 5760 288 240 210.6514
1 avdp. pound = 7000 350 291.6667 256
1 milligram = 0.01543236 0.0007716179 0.0006430149 0.0005643834
1 gram = 15.43236 0.7716179 0.6430149 0.5643834
1 kilogram = 15,432.36 771.6179 643.0149 564.3834
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