vdoc

List of Figures and Tables xvii
Figure 18.10 Bar chart for annual revenues of a company over a five-year period. . . . . . 222
Table 18.6 Frequency distribution table for the data in Example 18.21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Figure 18.11 Bar graph for the data in Example 18.21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Figure 18.12 Pareto chart for the data in Example 19.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Table 18.7 Frequencies and weighted frequencies when different types of
defects are not equally important. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Figure 18.13 Pareto chart when weighted frequencies are used. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Table 18.8 Cholesterol levels and systolic blood pressures of 30 randomly
selected U.S. males. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Figure 18.14 Scatter plot for the data in Table 18.8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Table 18.9 Frequency distribution table for the survival time of parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Figure 18.15 Frequency histogram for survival time of parts under extreme
operating conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Figure 18.16 Relative frequency histogram for survival time of parts under
extreme operating conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Figure 18.17 Frequency polygon for the data in Example 18.23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Figure 18.18 Relative frequency polygon for the data in Example 18.23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Figure 18.19 A typical frequency distribution curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Figure 18.20 Three types of frequency distribution curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Figure 18.21 Box-whisker plot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Figure 18.22 Box plot for the data in Example 18.24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Figure 18.23 Box plot for the data in Example 18.25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Figure 18.24 The normal density function curve with mean m and standard
deviation s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Figure 18.25 Curves representing the normal density function with different
means, but with the same standard deviation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Figure 18.26 Curves representing the normal density function with different
standard deviations, but with the same mean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Figure 18.27 The standard normal density function curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Figure 18.28 Probability (a Z b) under the standard normal curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Table 18.10 A portion of the standard normal distribution table from Appendix D. . . 239
Figure 18.29 Shaded area equal to P(1.0 Z 2.0). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Figure 18.30 Two shaded areas showing P(–1.50 Z 0) = P(0 Z 1.50). . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Figure 18.31 Two shaded areas showing P(–2.2 Z –1.0) = P(1.0 Z 2.2). . . . . . . . . . . 241
Figure 18.32 Showing P(–1.50 Z .80) = P(–1.50 Z 0) + P(0 Z 0.80). . . . . . . . . . . 241
Figure 18.33 Shaded area showing P(Z 0.70). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Figure 18.34 Shaded area showing P(Z –1.0). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Figure 18.35 Shaded area showing P(Z 2.15). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Figure 18.36 Shaded area showing P(Z –2.15). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Figure 18.37 Converting normal N(6,4) to standard normal N(0,1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Figure 18.38 Shaded area showing P(0.5 Z 2.0). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Figure 18.39 Shaded area showing P(–1.0 Z 1.0). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Figure 18.40 Shaded area showing P(–1.50 Z –0.50). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244