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Chapter 16: C. Inspection Planning and Procedures 165Inspection/check pointsStartPart in stock?NoOrder partYesBring part torepair stationHave resources?NoAssignresourcesYesInstall partMakeadjustmentsNoCheck forproperoperation?Retest needed?YesYesComplete formRetestSubmit formto accountingPart III.C.1NoCheck outFigure 16.2 An example of a flowchart of a repair job.In-Process InspectionThe purpose of in-process inspection is to determine the appropriateness of controltechniques employed by the company to decide on the degree of conformance toa system of standard requirements. In many cases, sampling is employed. Theresults of in-process inspection can be listed as follows:

166 Part III: Inspection and TestFinal Inspection1. Products are inspected and then classified into classes or grades,depending on the degree of conformity to standards.2. Nonconforming products may be classified as scrap or rework.In some cases the cost of reworking a product is more than toproduce it.3. Nonconforming products may be analyzed to determine theroot cause of the problem and the appropriate corrective actionto follow.Part III.C.1Finished product inspection is carried out to confirm that the product conformsto customer specifications. It may include assembly, installation, and packaging.In all cases, final inspection is thorough and complete and may be intensive andcostly, depending on the accuracy and severity of incoming inspection and inprocessinspection.Inspection planning also includes the preparation of a list of characteristics tobe inspected. The following guidelines may prove helpful (Raz 1992):• Inspect characteristics that affect the performance of the product.To the extent possible, product testing should be done underconditions that simulate actual use.• Select characteristics that can be measured objectively, to theextent possible.• Provide a seriousness classification in order to improve consistencyfor characteristics that are evaluated subjectively.• Inspect characteristics that can be related to a specific productionprocess in order to simultaneously obtain information aboutthe process.A detailed inspection plan should be prepared and approved by the customer andthe production, engineering, and manufacturing departments prior to the start offull-scale production. The inspection plan should include the following items:• The location of each inspection station in the sequence of productionoperations• The type of inspection or test to be carried out, including a descriptionof the environment, equipment, and procedures• Accuracy requirements for the measurements• The conformance criteria, normally based on product specifications• The sample size and procedure for drawing a sample in the case ofsampling inspection• The lot size and the criteria for lot acceptance, if applicable

Chapter 16: C. Inspection Planning and Procedures 165

Inspection/

check points

Start

Part in stock?

No

Order part

Yes

Bring part to

repair station

Have resources?

No

Assign

resources

Yes

Install part

Make

adjustments

No

Check for

proper

operation?

Retest needed?

Yes

Yes

Complete form

Retest

Submit form

to accounting

Part III.C.1

No

Check out

Figure 16.2 An example of a flowchart of a repair job.

In-Process Inspection

The purpose of in-process inspection is to determine the appropriateness of control

techniques employed by the company to decide on the degree of conformance to

a system of standard requirements. In many cases, sampling is employed. The

results of in-process inspection can be listed as follows:

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products

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