a cultural resources evaluation of the fish rock road sediment ...
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a cultural resources evaluation of the fish rock road sediment ...
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A CULTURAL RESOURCES EVALUATION OF THE<br />
FISH ROCK ROAD SEDIMENT REDUCTION PROJECT<br />
MENDOCINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA<br />
DOT AGREEMENT NO. 90012<br />
DOT PROJECT NO. D-0703<br />
Submitted to:<br />
Alex Straessle, Engineer<br />
Drainage and Habitat Conservation<br />
Mendocino County Department <strong>of</strong> Transportation<br />
340 Lake Mendocino Drive<br />
Ukiah, CA 95482-9432<br />
Submitted by:<br />
Sally Evans and William Roop<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 � FAX (707) 762-1791
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
TABLE OF CONTENTS<br />
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 1<br />
PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................. 1<br />
PROJECT LOCATION and APE ....................................................................................................... 1<br />
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................ 2<br />
REGULATORY SETTING .................................................................................................................. 6<br />
RESULTS OF LITERATURE CHECK ................................................................................................ 7<br />
Ethnographic Setting ...................................................................................................................................................... 8<br />
Historic Setting ............................................................................................................................................................. 10<br />
Previous Studies and Recorded Cultural Resources ................................................................................................ 11<br />
FIELD SURVEY ................................................................................................................................ 15<br />
SURVEY RESULTS .......................................................................................................................... 15<br />
CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................ 20<br />
RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................................................................... 22<br />
REFERENCES CONSULTED .......................................................................................................... 25<br />
APPENDICIES<br />
APPENDIX A: Cultural Resource Sensitivity Maps [confidential, not for general distribution)<br />
Table <strong>of</strong> treatment (DIRT) sites with results <strong>of</strong> surface inspection<br />
APPENDIX B: Department <strong>of</strong> Parks and Recreation 523 Forms<br />
ARS 09-037-01: building >45 years <strong>of</strong> age<br />
ARS 09-037-02: remnants <strong>of</strong> private bridge and structure<br />
ARS 09-037-03: building >45 years <strong>of</strong> age<br />
APPENDIX C: Native American Correspondence<br />
i
A Cultural Resources Inventory for <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
As requested and authorized by <strong>the</strong> Mendocino County Department <strong>of</strong> Transportation, Archaeological<br />
Resource Service has conducted an archaeological <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Area <strong>of</strong> Potential Effect (APE) as<br />
described below. The <strong>evaluation</strong> consisted <strong>of</strong> six aspects:<br />
1. A check <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> information on file with our <strong>of</strong>fice and <strong>the</strong> Northwest Information Center<br />
(NWIC) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS), to determine<br />
<strong>the</strong> presence or absence <strong>of</strong> previously recorded historic or prehistoric <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong><br />
within or adjacent <strong>the</strong> APE;<br />
2. A check with <strong>the</strong> Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) to determine if <strong>the</strong>re are<br />
sites listed in <strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands File within or near to <strong>the</strong> current project area, and sending<br />
letters <strong>of</strong> notification and request <strong>of</strong> comment to <strong>the</strong> local Native American contact<br />
persons regarding traditional, <strong>cultural</strong>, and religious values;<br />
3. A check <strong>of</strong> appropriate historic references to determine <strong>the</strong> potential for historic era<br />
archaeological deposits or features, such as standing structures greater than 45 years <strong>of</strong><br />
age, to be located within or adjacent <strong>the</strong> APE;<br />
4. A surface reconnaissance <strong>of</strong> treatment (DIRT) sites to locate any visible signs <strong>of</strong><br />
potentially significant historic or prehistoric <strong>cultural</strong> deposits, features or isolated that<br />
would be adversely impacted by <strong>the</strong> proposed activities;<br />
5. An archaeological sensitivity analysis <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> appurtenant <strong>road</strong> segments to provide<br />
appropriate recommendations for those areas, where warranted; and<br />
6. A site visit with <strong>the</strong> engineer at locations where fur<strong>the</strong>r recommends are warranted to<br />
discuss recommendations and options to mitigate impacts to a less-than-significant level.<br />
PROJECT DESCRIPTION<br />
The Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project is proposed as part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Mendocino County<br />
Department <strong>of</strong> Transportation’s Site Specific Management Plan and Erosion Control Plan to improve <strong>road</strong><br />
drainage and reduce <strong>sediment</strong> on portions <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road that are within or hydrologically connected<br />
to <strong>the</strong> Garcia River watershed.<br />
Activities will generally include <strong>the</strong> replacement <strong>of</strong> corroded or undersized culverts, installation <strong>of</strong> new<br />
culverts at filled stream crossings, installation <strong>of</strong> new ditch relief culverts, installation <strong>of</strong> culvert<br />
downspouts, installation <strong>of</strong> energy dissipaters at culvert outlets, remediation <strong>of</strong> eroded sites, removal or<br />
breaching <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>side berms, and <strong>road</strong> reshaping. The project will involve up to 219 locations and about<br />
nine miles <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way within and immediately adjacent to appurtenant sections <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way along <strong>the</strong><br />
approximately 24-mile stretch <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. The appurtenant <strong>road</strong> sections lie within <strong>the</strong> Garcia<br />
River watershed boundary.<br />
An initial record search conducted by <strong>the</strong> Northwest Information Center <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> California Historical<br />
Resources Information System indicated that seven archaeological projects have included all or part <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> current project area, and five <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, including four Native American sites and one Euro<br />
American site, lie in or immediately adjacent to <strong>the</strong> project site (Guldenbrein 2009). As a result <strong>of</strong> that<br />
initial records search, <strong>the</strong> Mendocino County Department <strong>of</strong> Transportation retained ARS to conduct a<br />
<strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong> to identify <strong>the</strong> significant and potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> within<br />
and adjacent to <strong>the</strong> project area, to assess potential impacts as a result <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project, and to provide<br />
fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations to satisfy <strong>the</strong> requirements <strong>of</strong> Section 106 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> National Historic Preservation<br />
Act and <strong>the</strong> Mendocino County Archaeological Commission.<br />
PROJECT LOCATION AND APE<br />
The project area includes a 24-mile stretch <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road that extends west from Highway 128 at<br />
Yorkville to Iverson Road near Gualala. The appurtenant <strong>road</strong> segments along Fish Rock Road, which lie<br />
within <strong>the</strong> Garcia River watershed, are indicated on <strong>the</strong> APE maps. The maps also indicate <strong>the</strong> treatment<br />
(DIRT) site locations and segments <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way that may undergo reshaping and/or berm work, or where<br />
additional treatment sites could be proposed.<br />
1
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
The project area traverses portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> USGS 7.5’ Gualala, McGuire Ridge, Zeni Ridge and Orbaun<br />
Valley quadrangle maps. The project area traverses <strong>the</strong> following Township and Range coordinates and<br />
Section numbers:<br />
Township 11 North / Range 15 West: Sections 2,3,4,5<br />
Township 12 North / Range 15 West: Sections 34, 35, 36<br />
Township 12 North / Range 14 West: Sections 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 21, 22, 28, 29, 30<br />
Township 12 North / Range 13 West: Sections 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 18<br />
The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid coordinates at each end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area, as<br />
determined by measurement from <strong>the</strong> USGS 7.5' Gualala (1960; 1977 photo revision) and Orbaun Valley<br />
(1991) quadrangle maps, are:<br />
West end (Gualala 7.5’): 4298300 meters north and 451150 meters east, zone 10<br />
East end (Orbaun Valley 7.5’): 4307210 meters north and 474280 meters east, zone 10<br />
The Area <strong>of</strong> Potential Effect (APE) for archaeological <strong>resources</strong> includes <strong>the</strong> areas <strong>of</strong> direct impact within<br />
<strong>the</strong> appurtenant <strong>road</strong> segments, including <strong>the</strong> treatment (DIRT) project points and segments <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way<br />
that may undergo berm work or reshaping. The APE for architectural and historical <strong>resources</strong> is bounded<br />
by <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way width <strong>of</strong> 40 feet. The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) has concurred<br />
with <strong>the</strong> APE determination.<br />
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION<br />
Fish Rock Road stretches east-west through a mountainous region <strong>of</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn Mendocino County. This<br />
area is characterized by extremely steep terrain and rugged forestland. Elevation ranges from about 500<br />
feet to 2,225 feet above sea level. The average annual temperature is about 53 °F (12 °C) and <strong>the</strong><br />
average annual precipitation ranges from 35 to 80 inches. Towards <strong>the</strong> west end <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road near<br />
Gualala <strong>the</strong> summers are cool and moist with frequent fog due to <strong>the</strong> coastal influence, while <strong>the</strong><br />
Anderson Valley at <strong>the</strong> east end hosts a warm to hot summer climate, with daytime highs sometimes in<br />
excess <strong>of</strong> 100 °F (38 °C).<br />
Fish Rock Road crosses over Signal Ridge, which is an east-west running ridge situated about 1,600 feet<br />
above sea level. This ridge marks <strong>the</strong> divide between <strong>the</strong> drainages <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Garcia River and <strong>the</strong> North<br />
Fork <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Gualala River.<br />
The dominate vegetation is a mixed forest <strong>of</strong> Coast Redwood, Douglas fir, pine, madrone, bay and a<br />
variety <strong>of</strong> oak species, including tan oak. Much <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> land has been harvested over <strong>the</strong> last 150 years<br />
and parts are scarred by erosion from past logging activities and <strong>road</strong> construction, particularly along<br />
Signal Ridge. Towards <strong>the</strong> eastern end <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road is a small valley called Ornbaun Valley,<br />
situated 1300 to 1400 feet above sea level. This is a small open valley surrounded by forestland and<br />
contains about 20 mineral springs.<br />
The Malliard Ranch is located at Ornbaun Valley and <strong>the</strong>re are a few large ranches, including <strong>the</strong> Zeni<br />
and Gianoli ranches on Signal Ridge; and <strong>the</strong>re are many more recent residences. However, for <strong>the</strong> most<br />
part residential development has remained limited along Fish Rock Road.<br />
2
Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project APE Map<br />
Map 1 <strong>of</strong> 3<br />
! Fish Rock Sites (Milepost Marker, Site ID, Generalized Site Type)<br />
MP 19.13<br />
C220<br />
DRC<br />
Appurtenant Road Segments<br />
Reshape Road, Remove Berm, Improve Drainage<br />
Streams<br />
Parcels<br />
USGS Quad Grid<br />
Not all sites labeled to reduce map clutter<br />
No <strong>road</strong> treatments between MP 16.56 and MP 19.13<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
48.01-B<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
48.01<br />
DITCH<br />
!! ! ! !<br />
! !<br />
MP<br />
48.01-A<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
48.1<br />
DITCH<br />
MP<br />
48.1-B<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
48.1-C<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
48.1-A<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
48.2-B<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!<br />
McGuire Ridge 7.5 min. Quad.<br />
MP 20.00<br />
48.2<br />
DITCH<br />
MP 20.89<br />
50.2<br />
DRC<br />
! ! !<br />
! !!!<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
48.2-A<br />
BERM<br />
MP<br />
48<br />
SPOILS SITE<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP 20.62<br />
49.1<br />
STR<br />
MP 21.79<br />
50.6<br />
DRC<br />
MP 21.30<br />
C226<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!<br />
! !<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
Zeni Ridge 7.5 min. Quad. Ornbaun Valley 7.5 min. Quad.<br />
² Feet<br />
0 1,000 2,000<br />
1:24,000<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
! !<br />
!!!<br />
!<br />
!!<br />
!! !<br />
MP 22.52<br />
62.1<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
MP 22.23<br />
!<br />
57<br />
DRC<br />
MP 21.66<br />
C228<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!!<br />
! !<br />
! !!<br />
! ! !<br />
! !<br />
!(<br />
MP 24.36<br />
86<br />
STR<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
! !!<br />
!(<br />
!<br />
! ! ! !!<br />
!<br />
MP 23.49<br />
70<br />
STR<br />
!(<br />
Boonville<br />
!(<br />
Point Arena !(<br />
¬« 1<br />
!(<br />
!(<br />
¬« 128<br />
MP 24.82<br />
92<br />
STR<br />
MP 23.92<br />
76<br />
STR<br />
! !<br />
Fish Rock Road<br />
! ! !<br />
! ! ! !! !<br />
! !<br />
MP 25.04<br />
C234<br />
DRC<br />
MP 25.36<br />
96<br />
STR<br />
MP 25.97<br />
104<br />
STR<br />
! !<br />
!!<br />
MP 26.14<br />
C241<br />
DRC<br />
! ! !<br />
!<br />
! !<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP 25.83<br />
102<br />
STR<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
105<br />
STR<br />
MP 26.87<br />
112<br />
STR<br />
! !! !<br />
Mendocino County<br />
MP 27.12<br />
114<br />
STR<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP 26.45<br />
108<br />
STR<br />
! ! !<br />
MP 26.78<br />
111<br />
STR
MP<br />
32.5<br />
DITCH<br />
Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project APE Map<br />
Map 2 <strong>of</strong> 3<br />
! Fish Rock Sites (Milepost Marker, Site ID, Generalized Site Type)<br />
MP 6.52<br />
C175<br />
DRC<br />
!!<br />
Appurtenant Road Segments<br />
Reshape Road, Remove Berm, Improve Drainage<br />
Streams<br />
Parcels<br />
USGS Quad Grid<br />
Not all sites labeled to reduce map clutter<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
32.6<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
MP 7.53<br />
C177<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
33<br />
SPOILS SITE<br />
!<br />
MP 8.00<br />
C179<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
MP 9.20<br />
C180<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP 9.37<br />
C181<br />
DRC<br />
Gualala 7.5 min. Quad. McGuire Ridge 7.5 min. Quad.<br />
² Feet<br />
0 1,000 2,000<br />
1:24,000<br />
MP 9.72<br />
35<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
???<br />
could not find<br />
MP<br />
C185.5<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
C185.3<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP 10.00<br />
C184<br />
DRC<br />
!(<br />
!(<br />
MP<br />
C185.4<br />
DRC<br />
!(<br />
Boonville<br />
!(<br />
Point Arena !(<br />
¬« 1<br />
!(<br />
!(<br />
¬« 128<br />
!<br />
MP 11.48<br />
C186<br />
DRC<br />
Fish Rock Road<br />
MP<br />
C187<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
35.5<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
NONE<br />
DRC o<strong>the</strong>r<br />
MP 13.57<br />
C190<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
! !! !<br />
No <strong>road</strong> treatments between MP 16.56 and MP 19.13<br />
MP 13.73<br />
C192<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
36.5<br />
DITCH<br />
MP<br />
NONE<br />
BERM<br />
MP<br />
C193<br />
DRC<br />
Mendocino County<br />
MP 14.00<br />
C195<br />
DRC<br />
MP 15.75<br />
36.7<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP 16.56<br />
37.1<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
36.8-A<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
MP 15.54<br />
36.6<br />
DITCH<br />
MP<br />
37.01<br />
DITCH<br />
! !<br />
MP 16.00<br />
36.8<br />
DITCH<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
36.9<br />
DITCH<br />
! !
Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project APE Map<br />
Map 3 <strong>of</strong> 3<br />
! Fish Rock Sites (Milepost Marker, Site ID, Generalized Site Type)<br />
Appurtenant Road Segments<br />
Reshape Road, Remove Berm, Improve Drainage<br />
Streams<br />
Parcels<br />
USGS Quad Grid<br />
Not all sites labeled to reduce map clutter<br />
MP 3.22<br />
C157<br />
DRC<br />
! !<br />
MP 3.38<br />
C158<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!!<br />
MP 3.52<br />
C159<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
C160<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
C162<br />
DRC<br />
MP 3.74<br />
C161<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
C163<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
30.01<br />
DITCH<br />
² Feet<br />
0 1,000 2,000<br />
!<br />
! !<br />
1:24,000<br />
MP 5.28<br />
C166<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
32.5<br />
DITCH<br />
MP 6.52<br />
C175<br />
DRC<br />
!!<br />
!(<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
32.6<br />
DRC<br />
!(<br />
!<br />
MP 7.53<br />
C177<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
33<br />
SPOILS SITE<br />
!(<br />
Boonville<br />
!(<br />
Point Arena !(<br />
¬« 1<br />
!(<br />
!(<br />
¬« 128<br />
!<br />
MP 8.00<br />
C179<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
Fish Rock Road<br />
MP 9.20<br />
C180<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP 9.37<br />
C181<br />
DRC<br />
Gualala 7.5 min. Quad. McGuire Ridge 7.5 min. Quad.<br />
MP 9.72<br />
35<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
! !<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
???<br />
could not find<br />
Mendocino County<br />
MP<br />
C185.5<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
C185.3<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
!<br />
!<br />
MP 10.00<br />
C184<br />
DRC<br />
MP<br />
C185.4<br />
DRC<br />
!<br />
MP<br />
C187<br />
DRC
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
REGULATORY SETTING<br />
The federal and state regulations pertaining to <strong>the</strong> identification, <strong>evaluation</strong> and treatment <strong>of</strong> <strong>cultural</strong><br />
<strong>resources</strong> are outlined below.<br />
FEDERAL REGULATIONS<br />
The federal regulations include Section 106 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) and its<br />
implementing regulations 36 CFR Part 800. Section 106 pertains to Federal “undertakings,” including<br />
projects that require a permit from a Federal agency in order for <strong>the</strong> project to proceed. The NHPA directs<br />
federal agencies to take into account <strong>the</strong> effects <strong>of</strong> proposed activities on historic properties and give <strong>the</strong><br />
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) an opportunity to comment. Historic properties are<br />
properties that are included in <strong>the</strong> National Register <strong>of</strong> Historic Places or that meet <strong>the</strong> criteria for <strong>the</strong><br />
National Register.<br />
In order to be included or qualify for <strong>the</strong> National Register a property, structure or site must possess<br />
significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering or culture, and must be<br />
associated with an important historic context and retain historic integrity <strong>of</strong> those features necessary to<br />
convey its significance. The resource should possess integrity <strong>of</strong> location, design, setting, materials,<br />
workmanship, feeling, and association, and meet any <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> following criteria:<br />
a) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to <strong>the</strong> b<strong>road</strong> patterns <strong>of</strong> our<br />
history; or<br />
b) Is associated with <strong>the</strong> lives <strong>of</strong> persons important in our past; or<br />
c) Embody <strong>the</strong> distinctive characteristics <strong>of</strong> a type, period, or method <strong>of</strong> construction, or represent<br />
<strong>the</strong> work <strong>of</strong> a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represent a significant and<br />
distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or<br />
d) Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.<br />
The <strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong> described herein will attempt to identify all recorded <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong><br />
within <strong>the</strong> project area and evaluate <strong>the</strong>ir potential eligibility for inclusion in <strong>the</strong> National Register <strong>of</strong><br />
Historic Places.<br />
STATE REGULATIONS<br />
The state regulations include those established in <strong>the</strong> California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (14<br />
CCR 15064.5 and PRC 21084.1). CEQA states that significant historical <strong>resources</strong> need to be addressed<br />
before environmental mitigation guidelines are developed and approved. A “significant historical resource”<br />
(including both a prehistoric and historic resource) is one that is found eligible for listing in <strong>the</strong> California<br />
Register <strong>of</strong> Historical Resources. As per Title 14, California Code <strong>of</strong> Regulations Section 15064.5,<br />
historical <strong>resources</strong> are those that are:<br />
• Listed in, or eligible for listing in, <strong>the</strong> California Register <strong>of</strong> Historic Resources (Public Resources<br />
Code 5024.1, Title 14 CCR, Section 4850 et. seq.);<br />
• Listed in, or eligible for listing in, <strong>the</strong> National Register <strong>of</strong> Historic Places (CRHR);<br />
• Included in a local register <strong>of</strong> historical <strong>resources</strong>, as defined in an historical resource survey<br />
meeting <strong>the</strong> requirements <strong>of</strong> Section 5024.1(g) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Public Resource Code; or<br />
• Any object, building, structure, site, area, place, record, or manuscript which a lead agency<br />
determines to be historically significant or significant in <strong>the</strong> architectural, engineering, scientific,<br />
economic, agri<strong>cultural</strong>, educational, social, political, military, or <strong>cultural</strong> annals <strong>of</strong> California,<br />
provided <strong>the</strong> lead agency’s determination is supported by substantial evidence in light <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
whole record.<br />
Additionally, historical <strong>resources</strong> and historic districts designated or listed as city or county landmarks or<br />
historic properties or districts pursuant to any city or county ordinance can also be listed in <strong>the</strong> California<br />
Register, if <strong>the</strong> criteria for listing under <strong>the</strong> ordinance have been determined by <strong>the</strong> Office <strong>of</strong> Historic<br />
Preservation to be consistent with California Register criteria adopted by <strong>the</strong> commission (pursuant to<br />
Section 5024.1(e) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> PRC).<br />
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A resource may be listed as an historical resource in <strong>the</strong> California Register if it has integrity and meets<br />
any <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> following four criteria:<br />
1) Associated with events that have made a significant contribution to <strong>the</strong> b<strong>road</strong> patterns <strong>of</strong> local or<br />
regional history or <strong>the</strong> <strong>cultural</strong> heritage <strong>of</strong> California or <strong>the</strong> United States;<br />
2) Associated with <strong>the</strong> lives <strong>of</strong> persons important to local, California or national history;<br />
3) Embodies <strong>the</strong> distinctive characteristics <strong>of</strong> a type, period, region or method <strong>of</strong> construction or<br />
represents <strong>the</strong> work <strong>of</strong> a master or possesses high artistic values; or<br />
4) Has yielded, or has <strong>the</strong> potential to yield, information important to <strong>the</strong> prehistory or history <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
local area, California or <strong>the</strong> nation.<br />
CEQA (PRC 21083.2) also distinguishes between two classes <strong>of</strong> archaeological <strong>resources</strong>:<br />
archaeological sites that meet <strong>the</strong> definition <strong>of</strong> a historical resource as above, and “unique archaeological<br />
<strong>resources</strong>.” A “unique archaeological resource” has been defined in CEQA as an archaeological artifact,<br />
object, or site about which it can be clearly demonstrated that, without merely adding to <strong>the</strong> current body<br />
<strong>of</strong> knowledge, <strong>the</strong>re is a high probability that it meets any <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> following criteria:<br />
1) Contains information needed to answer important scientific research questions and that <strong>the</strong>re is a<br />
demonstratable public interest in that information,<br />
2) Has a special and particular quality such as being <strong>the</strong> oldest <strong>of</strong> its type or <strong>the</strong> best available<br />
example <strong>of</strong> its type, or<br />
3) Is directly associated with a scientifically recognized important prehistoric or historic event or<br />
person.<br />
Buildings, sites, structures, objects, and districts representative <strong>of</strong> California and United States history,<br />
architecture, archaeology, engineering, and culture convey significance when <strong>the</strong>y also possess integrity<br />
<strong>of</strong> location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. A resource has integrity if it<br />
retains <strong>the</strong> characteristics that were present during <strong>the</strong> resource’s period <strong>of</strong> significance. Enough <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se<br />
characteristics must remain to convey <strong>the</strong> reasons for its significance.<br />
The fact that a resource is not listed in, or determined to be eligible for listing in <strong>the</strong> CRHR, or included in<br />
a local register <strong>of</strong> historical <strong>resources</strong> (pursuant to Section 5020.1(k) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> PRC), or identified in an<br />
historical <strong>resources</strong> survey (meeting <strong>the</strong> criteria in Section 5024.1(g) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> PRC) does not preclude a<br />
lead agency from determining that <strong>the</strong> resource may be an historical <strong>resources</strong> as defined in PRC<br />
sections 5020.1(j) or 5024.1.<br />
RESULTS OF LITERATURE CHECK<br />
Prior to performing <strong>the</strong> fieldwork, <strong>the</strong> authors conducted a literature search to assess <strong>the</strong> archaeological<br />
sensitivity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area. The literature search was conducted using information on file at<br />
Archaeological Resource Service, <strong>the</strong> Northwest Information Center (NWIC) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> California Historical<br />
Resources Inventory Systems (CHRIS) <strong>of</strong>fice located in Rohnert Park, CA (File No. 09-0306 and 09-<br />
0321), and <strong>the</strong> California Department <strong>of</strong> Forestry (CDF) <strong>of</strong>fice in Santa Rosa, CA. This record search<br />
included checking ethnographic documents, historic maps, survey reports, site records and timber<br />
harvest plans pertaining to this area <strong>of</strong> Mendocino County. The Native American Heritage Commission’s<br />
list <strong>of</strong> Sacred Sites was also consulted as was <strong>the</strong> Historic Properties Directory. The Historic Property<br />
Directory incorporates properties listed on <strong>the</strong> National Register <strong>of</strong> Historic Places, California Inventory <strong>of</strong><br />
Historic Resources, State Historic Landmarks, California Points <strong>of</strong> Historical Interest and many locally<br />
designated properties.<br />
SACRED SITES IN THE VICINITY AND NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION<br />
A check with <strong>the</strong> Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) to determine if <strong>the</strong>re are sites listed in<br />
<strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands File located within or near to <strong>the</strong> current project area was conducted on August 20,<br />
2009. The California NAHC works to identify, catalogue, and protect places <strong>of</strong> special religious or social<br />
significance, graves, and cemeteries <strong>of</strong> Native Americans per <strong>the</strong> authority given <strong>the</strong> Commission in<br />
Public Resources Code 5097.9.<br />
A search <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands File did not indicate <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> a Native American <strong>cultural</strong> resource in<br />
<strong>the</strong> immediate project area, but <strong>the</strong>y recommended contacting <strong>the</strong> local Native American<br />
individuals/organizations for fur<strong>the</strong>r information (Sanchez 2009). On September 1, 2009 ARS sent letters<br />
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to <strong>the</strong> local Native American individuals/organizations on <strong>the</strong> list provided by <strong>the</strong> NAHC to notify <strong>the</strong>m <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> project and to solicit information and comment in <strong>the</strong> event that <strong>the</strong>re are <strong>cultural</strong> places in <strong>the</strong> vicinity<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project that could be affected. As <strong>of</strong> this date, <strong>the</strong>re has been no response from any <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> contact<br />
persons. If any are received in <strong>the</strong> future <strong>the</strong>y will be forwarded to <strong>the</strong> applicant and appended to this<br />
report.<br />
The Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers is independently conducting Native American consultation for this project to<br />
comply with required procedures set forth in Section 106 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> National Historic Preservation Act.<br />
ETHNOGRAPHIC SETTING<br />
According to ethnographic maps <strong>of</strong> this portion <strong>of</strong> Mendocino County <strong>the</strong> current project area is situated<br />
within <strong>the</strong> linguistic boundaries <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Central Pomo, one <strong>of</strong> seven distinct Pomo language groups.<br />
Central Pomo territory extended as far north as <strong>the</strong> Navarro River, almost to Ukiah; east to <strong>the</strong> half-way<br />
point between Hopland and Clear Lake; south to half-way between Yorkville and Cloverdale; southwest to<br />
Gualala; and west to <strong>the</strong> Pacific Ocean (Barrett 1908; McLendon and Oswalt 1978). It was suggested that<br />
early Pomo who lived on Clear Lake eventually migrated westward to settle <strong>the</strong> Russian River Valley,<br />
<strong>the</strong>n spread north and south through <strong>the</strong> many smaller valleys; and from <strong>the</strong>re <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn division split<br />
into three autonomous groups including <strong>the</strong> Kashaya Pomo, <strong>the</strong> Sou<strong>the</strong>rn Pomo and Central Pomo<br />
(Oswalt 1964). Oswalt also postulated that <strong>the</strong> western expansion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Pomo from Clear Lake displaced<br />
earlier Yukian speaking peoples who had occupied <strong>the</strong> area.<br />
Central Pomo territory encompassed two ecozones: <strong>the</strong> Coast-redwood and <strong>the</strong> valley-foothill. The coastredwood<br />
zone extends from <strong>the</strong> coastline to about 25 miles inland and <strong>the</strong> settlements throughout this<br />
area were determined by climate and resource distribution. There were “permanent villages at varying<br />
distances from <strong>the</strong> ocean and seasonal campsites located along <strong>the</strong> shoreline, near river and creek<br />
mouths, and in favored areas in <strong>the</strong> redwood forest” (Bean & Theodoratus 1978:289). Most permanent<br />
villages were inland, a few as far as 20 miles inland. Fish, shell<strong>fish</strong>, snails, seaweed, sea lions and salt<br />
were collected from <strong>the</strong> oceans; deer, elk and small mammals were hunted in <strong>the</strong> adjacent redwood<br />
forest; and <strong>fish</strong> and mussels were collected from <strong>the</strong> rivers and streams. Clover, minor’s lettuce and a<br />
variety <strong>of</strong> bulbs, berries, roots, tubers and seeds were also available, but acorns were <strong>the</strong> primary<br />
vegetable staple.<br />
Seasonal campsites in <strong>the</strong> coastal-redwood zone were located near salmon streams, seal rookeries and<br />
o<strong>the</strong>r high yielding resource areas. However, <strong>the</strong> majority <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Central Pomo population occupied <strong>the</strong><br />
Russian River valley and Barrett reported numerous village sites located throughout that region. The<br />
occupants <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> river valley relied mostly on acorns, but also collected a variety <strong>of</strong> seeds, berries,<br />
grasses, roots and bulbs. Deer, elk and a variety <strong>of</strong> small mammals were hunted in <strong>the</strong> forested regions<br />
by occupants <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> coastal zone and <strong>the</strong> Russian River valley.<br />
The basic unit <strong>of</strong> Pomoan political organization was <strong>the</strong> tribelet. Tribelets consisted <strong>of</strong> one or more<br />
bilaterally related extended kin groups that ranged in size from 100 to 2,000 people; and a typical village<br />
may have contained 20 to 30 people, likely all from <strong>the</strong> same family. Each extended family had a<br />
headman or chief. Although each tribelet was a politically independent unit, <strong>the</strong>y did occasionally<br />
confederate and larger villages served as nuclei for many smaller villages.<br />
Pomo structures took three forms: dwelling houses, temporary shelters, and semi subterranean houses.<br />
Single-family dwellings were conical shaped and were constructed <strong>of</strong> redwood bark slabs. They ranged<br />
from 8 to 15 feet in diameter, and from 6 to 8 feet in height, but are said to have held as many as 12<br />
people. Each house was surrounded by a brush fence and <strong>the</strong> enclosed area was used for drying acorns.<br />
Multifamily communal structures were circular, elliptical, or L-shaped, and were constructed <strong>of</strong> brush and<br />
grass, or tule. Assembly houses were semi subterranean structures, about 70 feet in diameter, and were<br />
used for dancing and ceremonies (Bean and Theodoratus 1978).<br />
There are two Central Pomo ethnographic sites in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road (Barrett 1908). Klétel<br />
was reported to be an old village site that was located east or in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> Squaw Rock. Klétel, from<br />
kale’, tree, and ite’l, to peel <strong>of</strong>f, was located in <strong>the</strong> mountains between <strong>the</strong> Garcia River and <strong>the</strong><br />
headwaters <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> north fork <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Gualala River (Barrett 1908). This description places Klétel in <strong>the</strong><br />
vicinity <strong>of</strong> Squaw Rock, and <strong>the</strong>re are several recorded prehistoric sites in <strong>the</strong> Squaw Rock area,<br />
including those that appear to be seasonal campsites and one with well-developed midden soil and<br />
associated petroglyphs.<br />
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The o<strong>the</strong>r ethnographic site reported by Barrett is Bati’ukalewi. This was a campsite reported as being<br />
located in <strong>the</strong> mountains about four miles due west <strong>of</strong> Yorkville. This places <strong>the</strong> site about a mile south <strong>of</strong><br />
Ornbaun Valley which is <strong>the</strong> eastern extent <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area (Barrett 1908). Fish Rock Road, being <strong>the</strong><br />
only route to <strong>the</strong> coast between Mountain View Road and Skaggs Springs Road to <strong>the</strong> south may have<br />
been part <strong>of</strong> a prehistoric trail system. A possible prehistoric trail system along Signal Ridge is evident by<br />
<strong>the</strong> many seasonal campsites and isolated artifacts that have been found along Signal Ridge.<br />
FIGURE 4: PORTION OF BARRETT'S (1908) ETHNOGRAPHIC MAP SHOWING SOME CENTRAL POMO TERRITORY.<br />
Archaeologically, habitation sites are characterized by <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> midden soil deposits (as a result <strong>of</strong><br />
built-up decomposed organic matter), various kinds <strong>of</strong> chipped and ground stone implements and<br />
manufacturing debris, faunal and shell<strong>fish</strong> remains, human remains, fire-affected <strong>rock</strong>, and/or charcoal or<br />
ash from cooking fires; and depressions from former structures, <strong>of</strong>ten identifiable by a hard packed<br />
ear<strong>the</strong>n floor containing stone and o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>cultural</strong> materials. Scatters <strong>of</strong> chipped stone tools and<br />
groundstone implements <strong>of</strong>ten mark campsites or short-term settlements areas. Chipped and ground<br />
stone implements found in isolated contexts are commonly encountered on Signal Ridge. These<br />
specimens may represent hunting losses, on-spot tool manufacture or repair or mark prehistoric trail<br />
systems. O<strong>the</strong>r types <strong>of</strong> prehistoric activity areas include bed<strong>rock</strong> milling features (mortar depressions) or<br />
boulders <strong>of</strong> serpentine and o<strong>the</strong>r carvable metamorphic <strong>rock</strong>s such as schist that containing petroglyphs<br />
(<strong>rock</strong> art) in <strong>the</strong> forms <strong>of</strong> incised lines and cupule (small cup-like) depressions.<br />
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HISTORIC SETTING<br />
California reached statehood in 1850 and in 1876 <strong>the</strong> Survey <strong>of</strong> Public Lands was extended across<br />
California. Prior to 1850 only <strong>the</strong> boundaries <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Spanish land grants had been surveyed and <strong>the</strong><br />
Mendocino Coast remained mostly undeveloped, excepting Fort Ross, a Russian settlement located<br />
about 30 miles southwest <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road.<br />
The area <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road remained relatively undeveloped until <strong>the</strong> 1860s. The Homestead Act <strong>of</strong><br />
1862 allowed American settlers to claim 160 acres <strong>of</strong> undeveloped land as long as <strong>the</strong>y “improved” <strong>the</strong><br />
land and filed an application and a deed <strong>of</strong> title. Many <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> early settlers on Signal Ridge came to own<br />
land in this way, walking or riding horses up <strong>the</strong> ridge to find a suitable site to settle and build. The high<br />
altitude on <strong>the</strong> ridge top attracted some who wanted to grow chestnuts and wine grapes. Near <strong>the</strong> coast,<br />
towns like Gualala, Fish Rock, Signal Port, Iverson and Point Arena were established. Much <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
industry was focused on lumber and a several lumber mills were built, including a large one at Point<br />
Arena and ano<strong>the</strong>r in Gualala. Many chutes and landings were established along this stretch <strong>of</strong> coast as<br />
well, and it was said that in 1880 <strong>the</strong> Arena Township had more chutes in proportion to coastline than any<br />
o<strong>the</strong>r township along <strong>the</strong> coast. The chief export was lumber, posts, ties and tan-bark.<br />
A wagon <strong>road</strong> up Signal Ridge was eventually established by tan bark contractors and early settlers,<br />
many <strong>of</strong> whom were one in <strong>the</strong> same. Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> early settlers <strong>of</strong> Signal Ridge included Antone<br />
Ciapusci, Mark Pedotti, <strong>the</strong> Soldanis, <strong>the</strong> Giannolis and <strong>the</strong> Zenis. Edwino Zeni came to Signal Ridge via<br />
Yorkville in 1892 and in 1894 he helped extend <strong>the</strong> wagon <strong>road</strong> to Point Arena.<br />
Early American settlement <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Anderson Valley area began in 1852 when two bro<strong>the</strong>rs, Henry and<br />
Isaac Beeson, and <strong>the</strong>ir stepbro<strong>the</strong>r, William Anderson, settled in Anderson Valley. The Anderson’s built<br />
a log house at what is now Boonville, and <strong>the</strong>y raised horses and hogs. Mrs. Anderson died in 1857 and<br />
Mr. Anderson sold his property to Joseph Rawles, ano<strong>the</strong>r early settler <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> valley.<br />
The first white settlers in Yorkville were Cleve and Susan Murray who came to California from Missouri<br />
with <strong>the</strong>ir six children, first settling in Marysville <strong>the</strong>n moving to Yorkville in 1856. The family built a home<br />
near Rancheria Creek. About three years later, John Wesley McAbee settled on 700 acres across<br />
Rancheria Creek from <strong>the</strong> Murrays. Robert Stubblefield and his two daughters, Isaphene and Mary Ann,<br />
and <strong>the</strong>ir husbands, Patrick Adams and Richard York, arrived in 1856. The Yorks built a house about a<br />
mile from <strong>the</strong> Murray Ranch and <strong>the</strong> Adams built a house adjacent to <strong>the</strong> Murrays (Carpenter 1914;<br />
Hulbert 1984).<br />
Ornbaun Valley, located at <strong>the</strong> east end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area, was named for John Shipley Ornbaum, a<br />
native <strong>of</strong> Indiana who came to <strong>the</strong> county in 1854 and operated a large stock ranch along Rancheria<br />
Creek (Gudde 1998; Shultz 1981). He married Lucy Ann McGimpsey from Boonville and <strong>the</strong>y had 15<br />
children. He became an Indian agent <strong>the</strong>n Deputy Sheriff and he had a quicksilver mine in <strong>the</strong> nearby hills<br />
as well. Ornbaum established a mineral springs resort in Ornbaun Valley, improving one <strong>of</strong> 20 natural<br />
springs in <strong>the</strong> valley and building a hotel that could accommodate 50 people, as well as cottages and<br />
tents. The mineral water from <strong>the</strong> springs was effervescent, but was not bottled. The local Indians claimed<br />
<strong>the</strong> water was poisonous and would not go near it; but John Ornbaum insisted <strong>the</strong> water cured and kept<br />
him healthy and he reportedly drank a glass everyday (Orbaun in Levene et al. 1977). In 1906 <strong>the</strong> resort<br />
was advertised in <strong>the</strong> Chicago Clinic and Pure Water Journal as a <strong>the</strong>rmal mineral water spring that cost<br />
7$ per week to visit. In October 1919, Ornbaum leased <strong>the</strong> report to Harry S. Wolverton <strong>of</strong> San Francisco<br />
and it remained open to <strong>the</strong> public. Kate and Ward Mailliard purchased <strong>the</strong> Ornbaun Ranch sometime<br />
after 1920. In <strong>the</strong> 1940s <strong>the</strong>y conspired with UC Davis to bring Merino sheep to <strong>the</strong> valley and raised<br />
<strong>the</strong>m for <strong>the</strong>ir fine wool. The Mailliards still own <strong>the</strong> ranch. John and Lucy Ann Ornbaun and about 40<br />
o<strong>the</strong>rs are buried at <strong>the</strong> Ornbaun cemetery located in Ornbaun Valley near <strong>the</strong> historic ranch (Orbaun in<br />
Levene et al. 1977).<br />
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FIGURE 5: ORNBAUN SPRINGS RESORT IN ORNBAUN VALLEY.<br />
PREVIOUS STUDIES AND RECORDED CULTURAL RESOURCES<br />
A search <strong>of</strong> base maps, reports and site records on file at Archaeological Resource Service and <strong>the</strong><br />
NWIC show that 100% <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> APE was previously surveyed for <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> in 2000 as part <strong>of</strong> a<br />
fiber optic cable installation project from Point Arena to Sacramento (Jones & Stokes 2000) and that<br />
smaller portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> APE were part <strong>of</strong> four o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong>s (Origer 1991; Gary 1996,<br />
Hamilton 1995, 1998; Neri 1998a, 1998b).<br />
There are six sites located within or adjacent to <strong>the</strong> APE (CA-Men-1919H, CA-Men-2019, CA-Men-2136,<br />
CA-Men-2880/H, P-23-004718, P-23-004719) two <strong>of</strong> which are isolated prehistoric artifacts, and two<br />
additional prehistoric artifacts have been reported. There are eight o<strong>the</strong>r sites located within 500 feet <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> APE, two <strong>of</strong> which are isolated artifacts, and one additional artifact was reported. These eight sites<br />
are CA-Men-2135, CA-Men-2928, P-23-003396, P-23-004717, P-23-002779, P-23-002780 and isolated<br />
artifacts recorded as P-23-002590 and P-23-002591. Ornbaun Valley itself is listed as a historic resource<br />
in <strong>the</strong> Historic Property Data File (OHP 2009). The recorded <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> are fur<strong>the</strong>r described<br />
below.<br />
Orbaun Valley is located at <strong>the</strong> east end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> APE and is listed in <strong>the</strong> Historic Property Data file for<br />
Mendocino County with a National Register Status code <strong>of</strong> 7W. This status code means that paperwork<br />
for a State Historic Landmark nomination <strong>of</strong> Orbaun Valley was submitted to <strong>the</strong> SHPO, but has since<br />
been withdrawn. There is currently no paperwork on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC or <strong>the</strong> OHP for this property and it is<br />
not a State Historic Landmark. No information regarding <strong>the</strong> reasons for its prior nomination is available<br />
(Jordan personal communication 2009).<br />
CA-Men-1919H includes two recorded alignments <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> former Signal Ridge Wagon Road. One recorded<br />
alignment (b) is located halfway between post mile markers 6.52 and 6.82 and heads nor<strong>the</strong>ast from Fish<br />
Rock Road. The second alignment (a) is about 400 feet south <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road between post mile<br />
markers 9.37 and 9.72. In both areas, old <strong>road</strong> cuts and rutted tree roots were observed (Berg 1983).<br />
Much <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> hypo<strong>the</strong>sized route <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Signal Ridge wagon trail follows Fish Rock Road. It was suggested<br />
that <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way as a resource does not appear eligible for <strong>the</strong> National Register, but that it may have<br />
local significance (Berg 1983; Anker 1998).<br />
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CA-Men-2019 (P-23-001791) is a prehistoric petroglyph site located along Fish Rock Road near squaw<br />
Rock and within <strong>the</strong> project APE. This is a significant site that consists <strong>of</strong> two schist <strong>rock</strong>s which display<br />
numerous incised lines and cupules that have been carved onto <strong>the</strong> surfaces (Foster and Purcell 1985).<br />
To prevent <strong>the</strong> site from being disturbed as part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fiber optic cable installation project <strong>the</strong> cable<br />
alignment was routed to <strong>the</strong> east side <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road, opposite <strong>the</strong> site (Jones & Stokes 2000:59).<br />
There is no midden associated with <strong>the</strong> petroglyph <strong>rock</strong> along Fish Rock Road, but <strong>the</strong>re is at CA-Men-<br />
2135, located 800 feet to <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>ast <strong>of</strong> CA-Men-2019. CA-Men-2135 (P-23-001891) is a large<br />
habitation site with several artifacts and two schist boulders also covered in cupules and deeply incised<br />
lines (Foster, Gary et al. 1987).<br />
CA-Men-2136 is a Native American seasonal campsite located on <strong>the</strong> Zeni Ranch. The site is a seasonal<br />
campsite and yields artifacts from <strong>the</strong> Dry Creek Phase including mostly Franciscan and Monterey chert<br />
debitage, Mendocino concave-base and rattlesnake type projectile points, drills, scrapers, modified flakes<br />
and calcified bone. Very little ground stone was recovered. Radiocarbon analysis <strong>of</strong> a <strong>rock</strong> feature<br />
reveled a date around A.D. 450. This site was <strong>the</strong> subject <strong>of</strong> an archaeological investigation which was<br />
conducted and presented as a Master’s Thesis by Patricia Dunning <strong>of</strong> San Jose State University (1996).<br />
Dunning’s <strong>the</strong>sis sought to determine <strong>the</strong> arrival <strong>of</strong> abundant obsidian in this area <strong>of</strong> Mendocino County<br />
and if <strong>the</strong> site was occupied by <strong>the</strong> Pomo. Dunning observed that “<strong>the</strong> obsidian-to-chert and Monterey-to-<br />
Franciscan chert ratios and <strong>the</strong> various obsidian sources appear to change with time. The lower<br />
proportion <strong>of</strong> obsidian and Monterey chert and higher proportion <strong>of</strong> Konocti found in <strong>the</strong> temporally later<br />
components may indicate more circumscribed territories and restricted access to some toolstone sources<br />
later in time.” She goes on to suggest that <strong>the</strong> site appears to be on <strong>the</strong> distribution route for Konocti<br />
obsidian (Dunning 1996:171).<br />
CA-Mrn-2880/H (P-23-002473) is a multicomponent site located adjacent to Fish Rock Road on <strong>the</strong> east<br />
near post mile marker 14.70. The prehistoric component includes a scatter <strong>of</strong> Monterey chert flakes, one<br />
Franciscan chert flake, a quartz flake and a handstone. These artifacts were found in a historic fruit<br />
orchard, possibly from 1870 (DeGeorgey 2007c).<br />
P-23-004718 is a prehistoric artifact, a gray colored Franciscan chert flake, that was found about 50 feet<br />
west <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> post mile marker 14.89 (DeGeorgey 2007d).<br />
P-23-004719 is a prehistoric biface fragment made <strong>of</strong> Borax Lake obsidian that was found about 100 feet<br />
<strong>of</strong>f Fish Rock Road in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> post mile marker 14.50 (DeGeorgey 2007b).<br />
CA-Men-2135 (P-23-001891) is located about 700 feet sou<strong>the</strong>ast <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> petroglyph site CA-Men-2019.<br />
CA-Men-2135 is a habitation site and two boulders with petroglyphs on <strong>the</strong>m. The petroglyphs are similar<br />
to CA-Men-2019 in that <strong>rock</strong>s displays numerous incised lines, grooves and cupule depressions. When<br />
<strong>the</strong> site was recorded in 1987 a vague circular depression was noted, which may have represented a<br />
housepit. Artifacts observed at <strong>the</strong> site included chipped stone debris, projectile points and milling stones<br />
(Foster et al. 1987).<br />
CA-Men-2928 (P-23-002589) is located near post mile marker 13.57 and consists <strong>of</strong> a scatter <strong>of</strong><br />
prehistoric artifacts located on <strong>the</strong> north side <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. Artifacts consist <strong>of</strong> Monterey and<br />
Franciscan chert flakes and bifaces, including a Franciscan chert Excelsior foliate projectile point, Borax<br />
Lake and Konocti obsidian flakes, and polished and ground stone, including a blue schist milling slab. The<br />
site was interpreted as a small seasonal hunting camp that dates to <strong>the</strong> Dry Creek Phase (200 - 700 BP)<br />
and was Yukian or Pomoan. The site record sketch map shows <strong>the</strong> site boundary about 85 feet north <strong>of</strong><br />
Fish Rock Road (DeGeorgey 2007a; Hamilton 1995a).<br />
P-23-003396 is a prehistoric site located about 780 feet southwest <strong>of</strong> post mile marker 16 and about 500<br />
feet south <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. The site is a widely dispersed scatter <strong>of</strong> lithic and groundstone artifacts,<br />
such as Franciscan and Monterey chert flakes, Borax Lake and Konocti obsidian, sandstone metates<br />
fragments, battered cobbles (Neri 1998a).<br />
P-23-004717 is located about 615 feet sou<strong>the</strong>ast <strong>of</strong> mile post marker 14.89. The site is a sparse scatter <strong>of</strong><br />
“mostly modern materials” including white stoneware ceramics, porcelain, a pig tooth, modern clear glass,<br />
a pull tab can, ceramic spark plug and redwood staves (DeGeorgey and Huetter 2007e).<br />
P-23-002780 is located on <strong>the</strong> south side <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road near its intersection with Iverson Road, at<br />
<strong>the</strong> west end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area. This site, consisting <strong>of</strong> a possible hand-dug well that has been backfilled<br />
12
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
and some stove parts, was reported by William Roop in 1983 and interpreted as remnants <strong>of</strong> a possible<br />
homesteader or woodcutter’s camp. P-23-002779, foundations <strong>of</strong> a bridge with several redwood logs set<br />
vertically in <strong>the</strong> soil and evidence <strong>of</strong> a <strong>road</strong> cut, was also identified nearby.<br />
Several o<strong>the</strong>r homesteads and have been found in <strong>the</strong> vicinity and a few have been inventoried with <strong>the</strong><br />
state, CA-Men-2663H and P-23-002632; as well as a historic bridge foundation, P-23-002779; an old<br />
coral, P-23-004434; remnants <strong>of</strong> a picket fence, P-23-004651; and an old mill, P-23-004436.<br />
Additional prehistoric sites (CA-Men-2881, CA-Men-2882, P-23-004074, P-23-004075, P-23-004076 and<br />
P-23-004077) and prehistoric artifacts in isolated contexts (P-23-002592, P-23-004317, P-23-004435 and<br />
P-23-004652) have also been recorded in <strong>the</strong> vicinity.<br />
The following is a table <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> previous <strong>cultural</strong> resource studies that have been conducted within and<br />
adjacent to <strong>the</strong> project area and <strong>the</strong> sites that were identified near <strong>the</strong> current APE.<br />
S-No. Date Title Author(s) Sites near APE 7.5’ Quad.<br />
S-5806 1983<br />
S-6285 1983<br />
S-13217 1990<br />
S-14059 1992<br />
S-14287 1992<br />
S-14426 1992<br />
S-14509 1992<br />
S-14843 1993<br />
S-15189 1993<br />
S-16604 1994<br />
S-17758 1996<br />
S-17942 1995<br />
S-18062 1996<br />
S-20668 1998<br />
S-20755 1998<br />
S-20831 1998<br />
S-20922 1998<br />
S-21524 1998<br />
S-22267 1999<br />
Minor Land Division, Intersection <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock<br />
Road and Iverson Road, Mendocino County,<br />
CA.<br />
Louisiana Pacific/McKee Exchange<br />
Archaeological Reconnaissance Report.<br />
An Archaeological Survey for <strong>the</strong> AT&T Fiber<br />
Optics Cable, San Francisco to Point Arena,<br />
California.<br />
Archaeological and Historical Resources<br />
Survey and Impact Assessment, MacGrade<br />
THP, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Archaeological Review <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Y-Ranch THP,<br />
1-92-329 MEN, Mendocino County, CA<br />
Archaeological Review <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Yellow Dog<br />
THP, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Archaeological Review <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Big Cheese<br />
THP, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Archaeological Review <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ciapusci THP,<br />
Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Archaeological Review <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ciapusci<br />
Timber Harvest Plan, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Archaeological Review <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Barns THP,<br />
Gualala Redwoods Inc., Mendocino County,<br />
CA.<br />
Archaeological Review <strong>of</strong> THP 1-95-554 MEN<br />
(Road House).<br />
Archaeological Survey <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Proposed Road<br />
House THP, Mendocino County, California.<br />
Archaeological and Historical Resources<br />
Survey and Impact Assessment, A<br />
Supplemental Report for a THP, Mailliard-<br />
Schleuter’s THP, 1-96-100 MEN, Mendocino<br />
County, CA.<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Cheeseball THP, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Archeological Review <strong>of</strong> 1-98TNMP-018 Men<br />
(Barr) (California Department <strong>of</strong> Forestry).<br />
Archaeological Review <strong>of</strong> 1-98NTMP-025<br />
MEN (Schreiner).<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Schreiner NTMP, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Squaw<strong>fish</strong> 1998 THP, Mendocino County,<br />
CA.<br />
Cultural Resources Assessment <strong>of</strong> Portions<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Proposed AT&T Dunnigan to<br />
Manchester Fiber Optic Cable Alignment,<br />
Lake, Napa, Mendocino and Yolo Counties.<br />
13<br />
Roop, William<br />
P-23-002779, -<br />
002780<br />
Berg, Francis CA-Men-1919H<br />
Gualala<br />
Gualala,<br />
McGuire Ridge<br />
Origer, Thomas Gualala<br />
Solinsky, William CA-Men-1919H Gualala<br />
Fischer, Neil CA-Men-2663H<br />
Zeni Ridge,<br />
McGuire Ridge<br />
McKenzie, Donald McGuire Ridge<br />
McKenzie, Donald CA-Men-1919H McGuire Ridge<br />
McKenzie, Donald McGuire Ridge<br />
McKenzie, Donald McGuire Ridge<br />
Magnuson, Richard Gualala<br />
Gary, Mark Prehistoric isolate<br />
Hamilton, Jeffery<br />
Howell, Michael<br />
and Timothy Motl<br />
Neri, Maximillian<br />
Gary, Mark<br />
CA-Men-2928, P-23-<br />
002590, -002591, -<br />
002592<br />
McGuire Ridge,<br />
Zeni Ridge<br />
McGuire Ridge,<br />
Zeni Ridge<br />
P-23-002632 Orbaun Valley<br />
2 prehistoric isolates,<br />
1 unrecorded historic<br />
site<br />
McGuire Ridge,<br />
Zeni Ridge<br />
Orbaun Valley<br />
Gary, Mark Gualala<br />
Town, Chris Gualala<br />
Neri, Maximillian<br />
CA-Men-2019, CA-<br />
Men-2135, P-23-<br />
003396, 2 prehistoric<br />
& 1 historic artifact<br />
McGuire Ridge<br />
Peak & Associates Orbaun Valley
S-22536 2000<br />
S-22736 2000<br />
S-24629 2000<br />
S-24640 2000<br />
S-25705 2001<br />
S-25830 1999<br />
S-26488 2001<br />
S-27531 2000<br />
S-28561 1995<br />
S-29970 1996<br />
S-30640 2005<br />
S-32278 2004<br />
S-32625 1998<br />
S-32636 1998<br />
S-32709 1998<br />
S-32728 1998<br />
S-33134 2007<br />
S-33333 1998<br />
S-33351 1999<br />
S-33758 1996<br />
S-34487 2007<br />
S-34545 1996<br />
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
REVISED: Cultural Resources Assessment <strong>of</strong><br />
Portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Proposed AT&T Dunnigan to<br />
Manchester Fiber Optic Cable Alignment,<br />
Lake, Napa, Mendocino and Yolo Counties.<br />
Final Cultural Resources Inventory Report for<br />
<strong>the</strong> Williams Communication, Inc. Fiber Optic<br />
Cable System Installation Project, Point<br />
Arena to Robbins and Point Arena to<br />
Sacramento, California.<br />
A Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Alden 2000 THP, 1-00-289 MEN, Mendocino<br />
County, CA<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
THP #1-00-263 Men (Payin’ <strong>the</strong> bills),<br />
Mendocino County, CA.<br />
A Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
S.F. Garcia/Fleming THP, 1-01-240 MEN,<br />
Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Wildwood Ranch THP, 1-99-341 MEN,<br />
Mendocino County, CA<br />
A Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Doty Creek THP, 1-01-059 MEN, Mendocino<br />
County, CA<br />
A Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Mailliard Red Bridge THP, 1-00-470 MEN ,<br />
Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Archaeological Survey <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Proposed<br />
Gianoli THP, Mendocino County, California.<br />
Archaeological Survey <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Proposed<br />
Fatboy THP, Mendocino County, California.<br />
An Archaeological Survey Report for <strong>the</strong><br />
Camp THP, 1-04-260 MEN, Mendocino<br />
County, California<br />
An Archaeological Survey Report for <strong>the</strong><br />
Hollow Tree-Fish Rock THP, Mendocino<br />
County, California.<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Timber Operations for Signal Ridge THP, 1-<br />
98-122 MEN, Mendocino County, CA<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Cotton Mouth THP, 1-98-071 MEN,<br />
Mendocino County, CA<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Squaw<strong>fish</strong> 1998 THP, Mendocino County, CA<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Barr NTMP, 1-98NTMP-018 MEN, Mendocino<br />
County, CA<br />
A Cultural Resources Investigation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
Hollow Tree Road Improvement Project<br />
Located in Mendocino County, California<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Alden 1999 THP, 1-99-175 MEN, Mendocino<br />
County, CA<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for<br />
Signal Ridge THP, 1-99-186 MEN,<br />
Mendocino County, CA<br />
Confidential Archaeological Addendum for <strong>the</strong><br />
Barns THP, 1-96-334 MEN, Mendocino<br />
County, CA<br />
An Archaeological Survey Report for <strong>the</strong><br />
Brush Pasture THP, Mendocino County.<br />
Master’s Thesis: On <strong>the</strong> Trail to <strong>the</strong> Coast, A<br />
View from CA-Men-2136: The Zeni Site.<br />
14<br />
Peak & Associates Orbaun Valley<br />
Jones & Stokes CA-Men-2019<br />
Howell, Michael<br />
and Timothy Motl<br />
Richardson,<br />
Charles<br />
CA-Men-2663H<br />
Gualala,<br />
McGuire Ridge,<br />
Zeni Ridge,<br />
Orbaun Valley<br />
Zeni Ridge,<br />
McGuire Ridge<br />
P-23-002780 Gualala<br />
Shively, Russ Gualala<br />
Mahoney, Darcie Gualala<br />
Powers, Mike and<br />
Becky Matson<br />
Howell, Michael<br />
and Timothy Motl<br />
Hamilton, Jeffery<br />
Sharp, John and<br />
Jeffrey Hamilton<br />
CA-Men-2880/H, CA-<br />
Men-2881, CA-Men-<br />
2882<br />
CA-Men-2258, P-23-<br />
004074, -004075, -<br />
004076, -004077<br />
Gualala,<br />
McGuire Ridge<br />
Orbaun Valley<br />
McGuire Ridge<br />
Zeni Ridge,<br />
McGuire Ridge<br />
Hoveland, Patrick McGuire Ridge<br />
Gill, Linwood<br />
P-23-004434, P-23-<br />
004435, P-23-004436<br />
Zeni Ridge<br />
Anker, Brian CA-Men-1919H Gualala<br />
Ramaley, John McGuire Ridge<br />
Neri, Maximillian P-23-004317<br />
Howell, Michael<br />
and Timothy Motl<br />
Ainis, Amira and<br />
Erik Whiteman<br />
Howell, Michael<br />
and Timothy Motl<br />
Unrecorded<br />
Homestead<br />
Gualala,<br />
McGuire Ridge,<br />
Eureka Hill,<br />
Zeni Ridge<br />
Orbaun Valley<br />
Zeni Ridge,<br />
Orbaun Valley<br />
Zeni Ridge,<br />
McGuire Ridge<br />
Haschak, Art Gualala<br />
Williams, John Gualala<br />
Huetter, Risa and<br />
Alex DeGeorgey<br />
P-23-004651, P-23-<br />
004652<br />
Orbaun Valley<br />
Dunning, Patricia CA-Men-2136 McGuire Ridge
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
FIELD SURVEY<br />
The field survey was conducted on September 25, 28, 29 and October 12, 2009, and included a half-day<br />
visit on December 15, 2010. The survey began with an inspection <strong>of</strong> each proposed treatment site<br />
identified in <strong>the</strong> County DIRT database which identifies each site by <strong>the</strong> problem type or location features.<br />
The problem types included berms with erosion issues (BERM), ditches with associated erosion problems<br />
(DITCH), ditch relief culverts (DRC), spoils sites where material and equipment will be temporarily stored<br />
(SPOILS SITE), stream crossings with or without existing culverts and erosion features (STR), and<br />
unstable <strong>road</strong> features (UNSTABLE). Each problem location and type was flagged and labeled in <strong>the</strong> field<br />
enabling <strong>the</strong> ARS field crew to easily locate and inspect each DIRT point along <strong>the</strong> appurtenant <strong>road</strong><br />
sections.<br />
The surveyors visited, photographed and took a GPS reading at each treatment site using a Garmin<br />
76CSS. Each location was assessed for archaeological sensitivity, and special attention was given to <strong>the</strong><br />
treatment sites located in areas where <strong>the</strong>re was <strong>the</strong> potential for <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> to exist, or where<br />
<strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> are known to exist in <strong>the</strong> vicinity. At <strong>the</strong>se locations, a thorough inspection <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
ground surface around <strong>the</strong> proposed work site was accomplished.<br />
Additionally, about 7.8 miles <strong>of</strong> incongruous <strong>road</strong>way sections that will undergo reshaping and/or berm<br />
work to improve <strong>road</strong> drainage and reduce <strong>sediment</strong>, or where additional DIRT sites may be proposed,<br />
were inspected for sensitivity. Areas that appeared highly sensitive for prehistoric <strong>resources</strong> were subject<br />
to pedestrian inspection, where both sides <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way were physically surveyed to look for artifacts or<br />
o<strong>the</strong>r evidence <strong>of</strong> an archaeological site. The remaining segments were subject to a windshield survey,<br />
except for where a treatment site was proposed.<br />
There are several ranches located along Fish Rock Road, many <strong>of</strong> which contain buildings <strong>of</strong> significant<br />
age. Buildings located adjacent to a treatment site were inventoried, but since no buildings will be<br />
affected by this project an architectural <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong> those buildings and inventories <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> historic<br />
ranches along Fish Rock Road was not accomplished.<br />
SURVEY RESULTS<br />
A total <strong>of</strong> 171 treatment (DIRT) sites were inspected: 120 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m are negative for <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> and<br />
are located in areas that are not archaeologically sensitive. Cultural <strong>resources</strong> were found at 6 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
DIRT sites and <strong>the</strong> remaining 45 are located in archaeologically sensitive areas and fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />
recommendations are provided for those. DIRT sites 50.7 and C220 were not physically inspected due to<br />
<strong>road</strong> maintenance that was occurring at <strong>the</strong> time <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> survey, but both treatment sites are not located in<br />
areas that are archaeologically sensitive.<br />
Field inspection <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> DIRT sites identified six <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>: including two barns greater than 45<br />
years <strong>of</strong> age, a Caltrans bridge built in 1960, remnants <strong>of</strong> a small private bridge and o<strong>the</strong>r structures, <strong>the</strong><br />
previously recorded prehistoric petroglyph site CA-Men-2019 and one segment <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> old Signal Ridge<br />
Wagon Road previously recorded as CA-Mrn-1919H. Additionally, within <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> segments two areas<br />
with isolated prehistoric artifacts were found.<br />
Several sites recorded adjacent to Fish Rock Road were not re-located, including CA-Men-2136, CA-<br />
Men-2880/H (P-23-002473), P-23-004718, P-23-004719 and CA-Men-2928 (P-23-002589); but this was<br />
mostly because <strong>the</strong> survey was limited to <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way and <strong>the</strong> sites are recorded on private<br />
lands adjacent to <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way.<br />
The <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> located during <strong>the</strong> field survey are described as <strong>the</strong>y occur from east to west along<br />
Fish Rock Road.<br />
ARS 09-037-01<br />
This site is a barn greater than 45 years <strong>of</strong> age located adjacent to DIRT site 103. The barn is one <strong>of</strong><br />
several older outbuildings located on <strong>the</strong> ranch at 20111 Fish Rock Road. The house on <strong>the</strong> ranch that<br />
can be viewed from <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way does not appear greater than 45 years <strong>of</strong> age, but are o<strong>the</strong>r structures<br />
that do appear older. The barn is <strong>the</strong> only structure on this ranch located near a treatment point.<br />
15
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
The barn is a side gabled barn with a<br />
slight broken ro<strong>of</strong> line on <strong>the</strong> north<br />
side and has a newer ro<strong>of</strong> made <strong>of</strong><br />
sheets <strong>of</strong> corrugated metal. The<br />
sides are clad with vertically placed<br />
wood planks <strong>of</strong> various sizes and<br />
lengths. Most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> doors are made<br />
<strong>of</strong> planks as well, except gate doors<br />
at ei<strong>the</strong>r end on <strong>the</strong> west side. The<br />
barn is located on a medium slope to<br />
<strong>the</strong> north and slightly cascades down<br />
<strong>the</strong> hill with a ro<strong>of</strong> length twice as<br />
long on <strong>the</strong> downhill side from <strong>the</strong><br />
apex uphill. There are hay doors on<br />
<strong>the</strong> l<strong>of</strong>t level on both gable ends.<br />
There is not much distinctive<br />
character to <strong>the</strong> barn, but it looks old<br />
and wea<strong>the</strong>red. Two window<br />
openings on <strong>the</strong> north side are<br />
partially covered with slats <strong>of</strong> wood<br />
and <strong>the</strong>re is one hinged door on <strong>the</strong><br />
east side at <strong>the</strong> north end, and a set<br />
FIGURE 6: BARN (ARS 09-037-01) SOUTHWEST OF DIRT SITE 103.<br />
<strong>of</strong> double barn doors on <strong>the</strong> west side in <strong>the</strong> center. Fenestration on <strong>the</strong> south side is unknown, as this<br />
side could not be viewed from <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way.<br />
ARS 09-037-02<br />
Remnants <strong>of</strong> a small private bridge were observed at DIRT site 89. The bridge crossed over Mill Creek<br />
providing access to a residence that was located on <strong>the</strong> north side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek. The only remnants <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
residence that could be seen from <strong>the</strong> south side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek were a cinder block fireplace that is 10 to<br />
12 feet tall and a somewhat neatly stacked pile <strong>of</strong> boards. On <strong>the</strong> south side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek, along Fish<br />
Rock Road were a few 1” by 8” wood beams and what appears to be a steel beam protruding about 18”<br />
from <strong>the</strong> top <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek bank. On <strong>the</strong> north bank <strong>the</strong>re are similar sized wood beams placed vertically in<br />
<strong>the</strong> soil at <strong>the</strong> top <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek bank. These materials indicate <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> a former bridge, but nothing<br />
else <strong>of</strong> it remains. The residence is depicted on <strong>the</strong> USGS Orbaun Valley 15’ map from 1960, and<br />
according to <strong>the</strong> USGS Orbaun<br />
Valley 7.5’ map from 1991 three<br />
outbuildings were added to <strong>the</strong><br />
property between 1960 and 1991.<br />
Nothing could be seen <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r<br />
structures from Fish Rock Road.<br />
Bridge at Pardaloe Creek (Bridge<br />
No. 10C0145)<br />
The bridge over Pardaloe Creek at<br />
DIRT site number 69 was built in<br />
1960. On <strong>the</strong> Caltrans Structure<br />
Inventory and Appraisal Report it is<br />
described as 3 span RC slab with<br />
solid piers and closed end cantilever<br />
abutments on spread footings. It was<br />
also classified as not eligible for <strong>the</strong><br />
National Register and not historically<br />
significant.<br />
ARS 09-037-03<br />
A barn greater than 45 years <strong>of</strong> age<br />
FIGURE 7: BARN LOCATED WEST OF SITE C224 (ARS 09-037-03).<br />
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A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
is located adjacent to site C224. It is one <strong>of</strong> several older structures on <strong>the</strong> ranch with <strong>the</strong> address 23751<br />
Fish Rock Road. The o<strong>the</strong>r structures could not be seen from <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way due to vegetation and fencing.<br />
The barn is a small side gabled barn with a shed addition on <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>ast side. The barn and shed<br />
addition are open on <strong>the</strong> northwest side. The southwest side and gable portion on <strong>the</strong> northwest side are<br />
clad with horizontally placed false beveled boards, with each plank consisting <strong>of</strong> two false beveled strips.<br />
The sou<strong>the</strong>ast side (rear) is clad with three inch wide (approximately) plain boards. There were two<br />
windows on <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>ast side which are falling out <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> frames. The ro<strong>of</strong> was covered with wood<br />
shakes, but a high percentage <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se are missing. The structure is currently used to store wood and<br />
does not appear to get repairs. The northwest side appears to be missing many <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> external boards.<br />
Due to <strong>the</strong> opening on <strong>the</strong> northwest side it appears that this small barn was used for parking or storing<br />
equipment.<br />
CA-Men-2019 /<br />
(P-23-001791<br />
CA-Men-2019 is a previously recorded petroglyph site located about 55 feet north <strong>of</strong> DIRT site 37.01. The<br />
site consists <strong>of</strong> two chlorite schist <strong>rock</strong>s which display numerous incised line lines (100±) and cupules<br />
(17±) that have been carved onto <strong>the</strong> surface <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> two <strong>rock</strong>s.<br />
The site was first inspected on September 29, 2009 and at that time it appeared that a few <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> incised<br />
lines may have been created more recently. When <strong>the</strong> site was re-inspected on December 15, 2010 <strong>the</strong>re<br />
were two additional incised lines that appeared recent, including one that formed <strong>the</strong> letter “A” located<br />
near <strong>the</strong> top <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> larger <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> two <strong>rock</strong>s.<br />
Also on December 15, 2010 <strong>the</strong> engineer, William Roop and Sally Evans discussed <strong>the</strong> most appropriate<br />
means <strong>of</strong> conducting earth-disturbing work in <strong>the</strong> immediate vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> site so that it would not be<br />
disturbed; and what preventative measures would best help protect <strong>the</strong> resource from being impacted by<br />
general use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way.<br />
FIGURE 8: CA-MEN-2019 PETROGLYPH.<br />
17
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
FIGURE 9: CA-MEN-2019 SHOWING INCISED LINES AND CUPULE DEPRESSIONS.<br />
CA-Men-2880/H (P-23-002473)<br />
This site is located on <strong>the</strong> east side <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road, just east <strong>of</strong> mile post marker 14.70 near <strong>the</strong><br />
entrance to <strong>the</strong> Giannoli Ranch. The site consists <strong>of</strong> a historic apple orchard with a sparse scatter <strong>of</strong><br />
prehistoric artifacts. No DIRT sites are currently proposed for this location, but it is near <strong>the</strong> north end <strong>of</strong> a<br />
<strong>road</strong> segment that may undergo reshaping and/or berm work, or where additional DIRT sites could be<br />
proposed, if needed. The <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way in this location was subject to a pedestrian survey, but no<br />
evidence <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> site was observed. The site appears confined to <strong>the</strong> Gianoli Ranch.<br />
P-23-004719<br />
This site marks <strong>the</strong> location where a single biface fragment made from Borax Lake obsidian was found,<br />
near mile post marker 14.50. No DIRT sites are proposed for <strong>the</strong> area where <strong>the</strong> isolated artifacts was<br />
found, however it is within a <strong>road</strong> segment that may undergo reshaping and/or berm work, or where<br />
additional DIRT sites could be proposed, if needed. The <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way in this location was subject to a<br />
pedestrian survey, but no artifacts were observed.<br />
CA-Men-2928 (P-23-002589)<br />
Treatment sites C190 and C191 were thoroughly inspected for evidence <strong>of</strong> CA-Men-2928 (P-23-002589),<br />
which is recorded about 100 feet north <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road at DIRT site 190. The site is recorded as<br />
remnants <strong>of</strong> a Native American seasonal hunting camp. The ground surface on ei<strong>the</strong>r side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> at<br />
both locations was inspected and <strong>the</strong> ground visibility at both sites was poor, but no artifacts were<br />
observed.<br />
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A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
CA-Men-1919H<br />
Segment B <strong>of</strong> CA-Men-1919H, a disjunct portion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Signal Ridge Wagon Road, is recorded as being<br />
located on <strong>the</strong> north side <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock <strong>road</strong> at DIRT site 32.6, which was inspected on December 17,<br />
2010. The segment <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>bed was observed heading 20º east <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong> north side <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. It is<br />
about 8’ wide and 200’ long and heads in a nor<strong>the</strong>ast direction. The surveyors physically inspected <strong>the</strong><br />
wagon trail segment and assessed its location in relation to proposed improvement area. It was<br />
determined that <strong>the</strong> resource would not be impacted by <strong>the</strong> removal <strong>of</strong> brush and soil, which is proposed<br />
for this location.<br />
Segment A <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> wagon trail is located about 380 feet south <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road between DIRT sites 35<br />
and C181. This segment was not observed, but will not be affected by proposed activities.<br />
Isolated Artifacts<br />
Two areas <strong>of</strong> isolated prehistoric artifacts were<br />
observed along segments <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way that may<br />
undergo reshaping and/or berm work, and one is<br />
also near a DIRT site.<br />
Three prehistoric artifacts were found along <strong>the</strong> south<br />
side <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road, just southwest <strong>of</strong> DIRT site<br />
36.8. The artifacts include a fragment <strong>of</strong> sandstone<br />
that displayed areas <strong>of</strong> battering and grinding and<br />
two cobbles <strong>of</strong> a harder, quartzite material that<br />
displayed battering, and <strong>the</strong> rounder one is possibly<br />
polished.<br />
There is a prehistoric site (P-23-003396) consisting<br />
<strong>of</strong> a widely dispersed scatter <strong>of</strong> lithic and<br />
groundstone artifacts located about 530 feet south <strong>of</strong><br />
DIRT site 36.8. The battered and ground stone<br />
artifacts found during <strong>the</strong> survey could be associated<br />
with that site.<br />
One, possibly two, o<strong>the</strong>r prehistoric artifacts were<br />
found along Fish Rock Road between DIRT sites<br />
C187 and 35.5 and within a <strong>road</strong> segment that may<br />
19<br />
FIGURE 10: ISOLATED ARTIFACTS FOUND NEAR DIRT<br />
SITE 36.8.<br />
undergo reshaping and/or berm work or where additional sites could be proposed. The two artifacts in this<br />
location include a rounded piece <strong>of</strong> Mt. Konocti obsidian retaining cortex over about 40% <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> surface,<br />
and a small rim fragment <strong>of</strong> an abalone shell. The area where <strong>the</strong> artifacts were found was thoroughly<br />
inspected, and while <strong>the</strong> ground visibility was very<br />
good, no additional artifacts were found. The pre-field<br />
research indicated that isolated prehistoric artifacts<br />
are somewhat common on Signal Ridge and <strong>the</strong>re<br />
are a few prehistoric sites within 1.5-miles <strong>of</strong> this<br />
location.<br />
Stone Headwalls<br />
Although not identified as <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, stone<br />
and concrete headwalls were observed at treatment<br />
sites C226, 50, 50.2, 50.3, 50.5, 84, 87, 94 and 99.<br />
According to <strong>the</strong> County <strong>of</strong> Mendocino DOT, <strong>the</strong>se<br />
headwalls are <strong>the</strong> result <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Comprehensive<br />
Employee Training Act (CETA) and were constructed<br />
in 1976. They are not considered <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong><br />
due to <strong>the</strong>ir recent age. Figure 8 is <strong>the</strong> one located at<br />
treatment site 99 and represents one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> larger<br />
and better examples.<br />
FIGURE 11: STONE-LINED HEADWALL AT SITE 99.
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
CONCLUSIONS<br />
The pre-field research indicated that <strong>the</strong>re are seven sites recorded adjacent to Fish Rock Road,<br />
including a prehistoric petroglyph site (CA-Men-2019), a historic apple orchard with scattered prehistoric<br />
artifacts (CA-Men-2880/H), two seasonal camps or hunting sites (CA-Men-2136 and CA-Men-2928), two<br />
isolated prehistoric artifacts (P-23-004718 and P-23-004719) and segments <strong>of</strong> an old wagon <strong>road</strong> (CA-<br />
Men-1919H). Of those, only CA-Men-2019 and CA-Men-1919H were observed during <strong>the</strong> field inspection.<br />
The field inspection resulted in <strong>the</strong> recordation <strong>of</strong> two barns greater than 45 years <strong>of</strong> age (ARS 09-037-01<br />
and ARS 09-037-03), and <strong>the</strong> remnants <strong>of</strong> a small private bridge (ARS 09-037-02). Also, two locations<br />
having isolated prehistoric artifacts were observed, but were not recorded.<br />
The field survey included a physical inspection <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> individual DIRT sites that are proposed. Also,<br />
segments <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> that may undergo reshaping and/or berm work, or where additional DIRT sites<br />
could be proposed were assessed for <strong>the</strong>ir archaeological sensitivity. The archaeological sensitivity maps<br />
are provided in Appendix A. Fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations are provided for DIRT sites where proposed<br />
activities could impact a <strong>cultural</strong> resource and for those stretches <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way that are in archaeologically<br />
sensitive areas.<br />
In general, it was concluded that areas with a steep side hill terrain are not archaeologically sensitive<br />
because <strong>the</strong>re is little potential to encounter historic or prehistoric <strong>resources</strong> in that type <strong>of</strong> topography.<br />
Earth-disturbing activities in those type locations are not likely to encounter <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> and work<br />
can proceed with no fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations. Stream crossings in valleys, creek terraces and ridge tops<br />
saddles are topographic features that tend to be archaeologically sensitive. Earth-disturbing activities in<br />
those type areas have <strong>the</strong> potential to encounter <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>.<br />
Excavation work in areas that were not physically surveyed and deemed not archaeologically sensitive<br />
has minimal potential to affect <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>. However, excavation work along segments that were<br />
deemed archaeologically sensitive could encounter <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> in native soil. If native soil is not<br />
disturbed <strong>the</strong>re is little chance that significant impacts to a site will occur. If excavation <strong>of</strong> native<br />
previously undisturbed soil is planned <strong>the</strong>n <strong>the</strong>re is <strong>the</strong> potential to affect <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>. Fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />
recommendations are provided below for proposed excavation <strong>of</strong> native undisturbed soil that occurs in<br />
archaeologically sensitive areas.<br />
ARS 09-037-01<br />
The barn was inventoried on a DPR 523 Primary form to record its presence and location. It is part <strong>of</strong> a<br />
complex <strong>of</strong> older structures, most <strong>of</strong> which could not be viewed from Fish Rock Road. The barn itself does<br />
not appear to be a significant historic resource, but it was not assessed for historic significance as a<br />
contributor to a group <strong>of</strong> related historic structures.<br />
The barn will not be affected by proposed activities at DIRT sites 102, 102-B or 103 and no fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />
recommendations are warranted at this time. The General Recommendations provided below should be<br />
followed if historic artifacts are found during excavation at <strong>the</strong> above named DIRT sites.<br />
ARS 09-037-02<br />
The bridge and fireplace do not appear to represent a significant <strong>cultural</strong> resource. A resource has<br />
significance when it retains integrity <strong>of</strong> location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and<br />
association, and meets at least one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> National Register <strong>of</strong> Historic Places (NRHP) criteria. While <strong>the</strong><br />
whole resource could not be inspected, integrity <strong>of</strong> design, materials, workmanship, feeling and<br />
association appear to have been compromised and it seems that <strong>the</strong> resource no longer has <strong>the</strong> ability to<br />
convey significance.<br />
The bridge remnants are adjacent to DIRT site 89 will be removed or o<strong>the</strong>rwise affected by project<br />
activities. This is not considered a potentially significant historic resource and <strong>the</strong>re are no fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />
recommendations warranted. The site was inventoried on a DPR 523 Primary form to record its presence<br />
and location, but no fur<strong>the</strong>r consideration is warranted.<br />
Bridge at Pardaloe Creek<br />
This is Caltrans bridge number 10C0145. The Caltrans Structure Inventory and Appraisal Report noted<br />
<strong>the</strong> historic significance <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Bridge as “not eligible” for <strong>the</strong> National Register <strong>of</strong> Historic Places. The<br />
20
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
bridge is not considered a potentially eligible <strong>cultural</strong> resource. It is located adjacent to DIRT site 69, but<br />
will not be affected by any treatment <strong>the</strong>re. No fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations are warranted.<br />
ARS 09-037-03<br />
The barn is part <strong>of</strong> a complex <strong>of</strong> older structures located behind <strong>the</strong> fenced property at 23751 Fish Rock<br />
Road. The barn itself does not appear to be a significant historic resource, as it is in serious disrepair; but<br />
it was not assessed for its contribution to <strong>the</strong> group <strong>of</strong> related structures at this address. The o<strong>the</strong>r older<br />
structures at this address could not be viewed from <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way.<br />
The barn will not be affected by maintenance <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> culvert at DIRT site C224. It was inventoried on a<br />
DPR 523 Primary form to record its presence and location, but no fur<strong>the</strong>r consideration is warranted for it.<br />
CA-Men-2019 (P-23-001791)<br />
This petroglyph site is a potentially eligible <strong>cultural</strong> resource. It has not been evaluated for its eligibility for<br />
listing on <strong>the</strong> National Register <strong>of</strong> Historic Places, but it appears eligible for listing. It retains integrity and<br />
has <strong>the</strong> potential to yield important information about prehistory (NRHP, Criterion D). It could also qualify<br />
under Criterion C, in that it embodies <strong>the</strong> distinctive characteristics <strong>of</strong> a type, period, or method <strong>of</strong><br />
construction, or represent <strong>the</strong> work <strong>of</strong> a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represent a<br />
significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. It may also<br />
continue to be used in a traditional way by local Native Americans and may have significant value to <strong>the</strong><br />
Native American community.<br />
The site is located near DIRT site 37.01. Proposed treatment at this location includes <strong>road</strong> out sloping to<br />
decommission <strong>the</strong> existing ditch relief point so that intrusive <strong>road</strong> maintenance will not be necessary at<br />
this location. This activity will avoid impacts to <strong>the</strong> archaeological site. However earth-disturbing activities<br />
in <strong>the</strong> immediate vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>rock</strong>s may uncover additional <strong>resources</strong> and fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations are<br />
warranted. Also, fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations have been to help prevent <strong>the</strong> site from being damaged by<br />
general use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way.<br />
CA-Men-2880/H (P-23-002473)<br />
This site consists <strong>of</strong> an old apple orchard with prehistoric lithics scattered throughout. The site was not relocated<br />
during <strong>the</strong> field survey, as it is located on a private property. The right-<strong>of</strong>-way in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
archaeological site was inspected for additional lithic artifacts, but none were found.<br />
No DIRT sites are proposed for this area, but <strong>the</strong> proposed work will encompass removal <strong>of</strong> outside<br />
berms and cleaning out ditch relief points. This is an archaeologically sensitive area and fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />
recommendations are warranted for future work that could be proposed near this location. Fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />
recommendations are provided below.<br />
CA-Men-2928 (P-23-002589)<br />
This site was not re-located during <strong>the</strong> field survey, as it is located on a private property. The right-<strong>of</strong>-way<br />
at DIRT site C190 was inspected for signs <strong>of</strong> CA-Men-2928, which is recorded as coming within 100 feet<br />
to <strong>the</strong> north, but none were found. While <strong>the</strong> site was not observed in <strong>the</strong> field, based on <strong>the</strong> site records<br />
it appears to be a potentially significant archaeological site that has <strong>the</strong> ability to convey information that<br />
is important in prehistory (NRHP, Criterion D).<br />
Proposed treatment at DIRT site C190 is to remove <strong>the</strong> outside berm to <strong>the</strong> degree that is feasible and<br />
maintaining existing drainage facilities. It does not appear that <strong>the</strong> archaeological site will be affected by<br />
this activity, but it is close enough to <strong>the</strong> activity area to warrant fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations, which are<br />
provided below.<br />
CA-Men-1919H<br />
Segment B <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Signal Ridge wagon trail was re-located at DIRT site 32.5 that was inspected on<br />
December 1, 2010. Proposed work at this location includes ditch relief. In <strong>the</strong> field, <strong>the</strong> engineer was<br />
shown <strong>the</strong> path <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> old wagon <strong>road</strong> and it was planned that no earth-disturbing activities would<br />
encroach onto it. Never<strong>the</strong>less, <strong>the</strong> site record states that <strong>the</strong> resource is not eligible for <strong>the</strong> National<br />
Register <strong>of</strong> Historic Places, but may have local significance. However, it will not be affected and no fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />
recommendations are warranted.<br />
21
A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project, Mendocino County, California.<br />
January 7, 2011<br />
Isolated Artifacts<br />
In two areas isolated prehistoric artifacts were observed. At one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se areas, about 100 feet west <strong>of</strong><br />
DIRT site 36.8, three battered and ground stone artifacts were found. The previously recorded<br />
archaeological site P-23-003396, which is a widely dispersed scatter <strong>of</strong> lithic and groundstone items, is<br />
located about 650 feet to <strong>the</strong> south-southwest <strong>of</strong> this location. The three artifacts were not recorded, as<br />
<strong>the</strong>y do not appear to mark a discrete archaeological site and are likely related to <strong>the</strong> nearby site P-23-<br />
003396. Fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations are provided for work in this area.<br />
At ano<strong>the</strong>r location, one angular piece <strong>of</strong> Konocti obsidian and a small rim fragment from an abalone shell<br />
were observed. Both items were found in a graveled area where an abandoned logging <strong>road</strong> has been<br />
blocked with a log and small berm. There was a large cleared area to <strong>the</strong> west <strong>of</strong> where <strong>the</strong> artifacts were<br />
found, which was physically inspected but no additional artifacts were located. The two artifacts were not<br />
recorded, and <strong>the</strong>y do not appear to mark a discrete archaeological site. The activities proposed for <strong>the</strong><br />
stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way where <strong>the</strong>se isolated artifacts were found includes frequent breaching <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> outside<br />
berms, <strong>road</strong> reshaping and surfacing, and <strong>the</strong> possible installation <strong>of</strong> a culvert. Fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations<br />
are warranted due to <strong>the</strong> archaeological sensitivity <strong>of</strong> this location.<br />
RECOMMENDATIONS<br />
Fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations are warranted for this project. Specific recommendations for an archaeological<br />
monitor are warranted for earth-disturbing activities at DIRT sites 37.01, C190, 36.8 due to <strong>the</strong> presence<br />
<strong>of</strong> prehistoric <strong>resources</strong>.<br />
Road segments that were not physically inspected but that may undergo reshaping and/or berm work, or<br />
where additional DIRT sites could be proposed were judged for <strong>the</strong>ir archaeological sensitivity 1 . In<br />
general, it was determined that areas with a steep side hill terrain are not archaeologically sensitive, while<br />
stream crossings in valleys, creek terraces and ridge tops saddles are archaeological sensitive.<br />
Archaeologically Sensitive Segments<br />
Excavation that occurs within <strong>road</strong> segments deemed archaeologically sensitive may have <strong>the</strong> potential to<br />
encounter potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>. Earth-disturbing activities that are limited to <strong>the</strong><br />
immediate <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way and conducted within previously disturbed soil have minimal potential to<br />
cause any adverse effects to potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> and those type activities can occur<br />
without fur<strong>the</strong>r inspection or monitoring by an archaeologist.<br />
For earth-disturbing activities that occur beyond <strong>the</strong> immediate <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way or within previously<br />
undisturbed soil it is recommended that an archaeologist be retained to inspect <strong>the</strong> work location to<br />
determine if important <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> will be impacted. If any potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong><br />
are identified fur<strong>the</strong>r recordation, <strong>evaluation</strong> and/or archaeological monitoring may be warranted.<br />
Several <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> DIRT sites located along archaeologically sensitive segments were inspected and no<br />
<strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> were found. At those DIRT sites <strong>the</strong> General Recommendations provided below should<br />
be followed. Specific recommendations are provided below for those DIRT sites where potentially<br />
significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> have <strong>the</strong> potential to be affected.<br />
Non-Archaeologically Sensitive Segments<br />
Excavation activities in areas deemed as not archaeologically sensitive have little chance to encounter<br />
potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, and no specific recommendations for those segments are<br />
warranted at this time. General Recommendations have been provided below and should be followed if<br />
any <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> are encountered during excavation and when an archaeologist is not present.<br />
Treatment (DIRT) Site 37.01<br />
A potentially significant Native American petroglyph site (CA-Men-2019) is located adjacent to this DIRT<br />
site. Based on <strong>the</strong> activities proposed for this location, which includes out sloping <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way to<br />
decommission <strong>the</strong> existing ditch relief point, <strong>the</strong> site will not be impacted. However, it is recommended<br />
that an archaeological monitor be present during earth-disturbing activities associated with that activity<br />
and any o<strong>the</strong>r earth-disturbing activities that occur within 50 feet <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> site.<br />
1<br />
The archaeological sensitivity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> remaining appurtenant <strong>road</strong> segments should be judged by <strong>the</strong> results <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> DIRT sites that<br />
lie within those sections which were physically inspected for <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>.<br />
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January 7, 2011<br />
It is also recommended that five to six large boulder sized <strong>rock</strong>s be placed along <strong>the</strong> east side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> site<br />
(between <strong>the</strong> <strong>rock</strong>s and <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way) to act as a physical barrier which will help prevent damage by<br />
general use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way. If <strong>the</strong> <strong>rock</strong>s can be placed directly onto <strong>the</strong> existing surface <strong>the</strong>n <strong>the</strong>re is no<br />
need for an archaeologist to be present; however, if any earth-moving is required to set <strong>the</strong> <strong>rock</strong>s in place<br />
<strong>the</strong>n an archaeologist should be present.<br />
Treatment (DIRT) Site C190<br />
Due to <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> a potentially significant prehistoric site (CA-Men-2829) about 100 feet from this<br />
treatment point, it is recommended that an archaeological monitor be present during some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activities<br />
that are propose for this location.<br />
Proposed work includes cleaning <strong>the</strong> inlet and defining <strong>the</strong> outlet trench for better drainage and this<br />
activity is not seen as having <strong>the</strong> potential to cause adverse impacts. However archaeological monitoring<br />
is recommended for ditch day-lighting and berm removal activities within that area, as well as any<br />
excavation within undisturbed portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> prism.<br />
Treatment (DIRT) Site 36.8<br />
Proposed work in this location includes removal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> outside berm and <strong>rock</strong> surfacing. About 100 feet<br />
east work includes out sloping and ditch relief work. Due to <strong>the</strong> discovery <strong>of</strong> isolated prehistoric artifacts it<br />
is recommended that an archaeological monitor be present some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activities.<br />
Earth-disturbing activities that are limited to <strong>the</strong> immediate <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way and conducted within<br />
previously disturbed soil have minimal potential to cause any adverse effects to potentially significant<br />
<strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> and those type activities can occur without fur<strong>the</strong>r inspection or monitoring by an<br />
archaeologist. Excavation into previously undisturbed soil should be monitored by an archaeologist.<br />
From Mile Marker 17 to 14.25<br />
The stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is highly sensitive for having <strong>the</strong> potential to contain prehistoric <strong>resources</strong>. DIRT<br />
sites 37.01 and 36.8 occur along this stretch and archaeological monitoring is recommended at those<br />
points due to <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> a petroglyph site and isolated prehistoric artifacts.<br />
This section contains three segments that may undergo reshaping, ditch relief and berm removal.<br />
Excepting <strong>the</strong> areas where monitoring has been specifically recommended and at <strong>the</strong> entrance to <strong>the</strong><br />
Gianoli Ranch where CA-Men-2880/H is located, <strong>the</strong>re is a low potential to encounter o<strong>the</strong>r potentially<br />
significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> as long as earth-disturbing activities are minor and limited to <strong>the</strong> immediate<br />
<strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way, and in disturbed cut and fill portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> prism. However, if earth-disturbing<br />
activities are planned beyond <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way or within undisturbed soil it is recommended that <strong>the</strong><br />
proposed work site be inspected by an archaeologist prior to excavation.<br />
The area near <strong>the</strong> entrance to <strong>the</strong> Gianoli Ranch has a high level <strong>of</strong> archaeological sensitivity. It is<br />
recommended that an archaeologist be present for activities such as ditch day-lighting, berm removal,<br />
turnout maintenance that includes excavation in undisturbed soil, and excavation within undisturbed<br />
portions <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> prism.<br />
From Mile Marker 13.65 to 12.25<br />
This <strong>road</strong> segment is highly sensitive for having prehistoric <strong>resources</strong>; however, <strong>the</strong> quarter-mile stretch<br />
between mile post marker 12.75 and 12.50 is only sensitive on <strong>the</strong> southwest side. There is prehistoric<br />
site (CA-Men-2928) recorded near mile post marker 13.57 and archaeological monitoring was<br />
recommended at DIRT site C190 due to <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> that site. Isolated artifacts were also found at <strong>the</strong><br />
west end <strong>of</strong> this appurtenant <strong>road</strong> segment.<br />
This entire stretch may undergo reshaping or berm removal and additional DIRT sites could be proposed.<br />
There is a low potential to encounter o<strong>the</strong>r potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> as long as earthdisturbing<br />
activities are minor and limited to <strong>the</strong> immediate <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way, and in disturbed cut and fill<br />
portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> prism. However, if earth-disturbing activities are planned beyond <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>way<br />
or within undisturbed soil it is recommended that <strong>the</strong> proposed work site be inspected by an<br />
archaeologist prior to excavation.<br />
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From MP Marker 9.20 to 8.15<br />
This stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is sensitive for having prehistoric <strong>resources</strong> and one isolated prehistoric artifact<br />
(P-23-004317) has been reported in <strong>the</strong> vicinity. The stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way from mile post marker 8.75 to<br />
8.50 is sensitive on <strong>the</strong> north side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> only.<br />
This stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way may undergo reshaping and berm removal or additional DIRT sites could be<br />
proposed. In this area, <strong>the</strong>re is a low potential to encounter <strong>resources</strong> within <strong>the</strong> immediate <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>way.<br />
As long as earth-disturbing activities are limited to <strong>the</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way and not within previously<br />
undisturbed soil, no fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations are warranted at this time. However, if earth-disturbing<br />
activities are proposed beyond <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way, it is recommended that it is inspected by an<br />
archaeologist prior to excavation to determine if <strong>the</strong>re are <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> present.<br />
From Mile Marker 5.0 to West End <strong>of</strong> Project Area<br />
This stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is sensitive for having prehistoric <strong>resources</strong> and <strong>the</strong> far west end, near mile post<br />
marker 3.13, is sensitive for historic <strong>resources</strong> due to <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> a historic feature (P-23-002780) on<br />
<strong>the</strong> property to <strong>the</strong> south <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>. The historic site will not be affected and <strong>the</strong>re is a low potential to<br />
encounter prehistoric or historic <strong>resources</strong> within <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way. If earth-disturbing activities are<br />
limited to <strong>the</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way and not within previously undisturbed soil, no fur<strong>the</strong>r recommendations are<br />
warranted. However, if earth-disturbing activities are proposed beyond <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way, it is<br />
recommended that it be inspected by an archaeologist prior to excavation to determine if <strong>the</strong>re are<br />
<strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong> present.<br />
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS<br />
In <strong>the</strong> unlikely event that any artifacts or <strong>cultural</strong> soil deposits are discovered during earth-disturbing<br />
activities associated with this project and <strong>the</strong>re is not an archaeologist present, Archaeological Resource<br />
Service recommends that all work in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> find be stopped until <strong>the</strong> discovery area can be<br />
evaluated by an archaeologist. Depending on <strong>the</strong> extent and <strong>cultural</strong> composition <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> discovered<br />
materials, it may be advisable to have subsequent excavation monitored by an archaeologist who should<br />
be ready to record, recover, and/or protect significant <strong>cultural</strong> materials from fur<strong>the</strong>r damage.<br />
Native American artifacts typically found in <strong>the</strong> area include chipped stone tools and debitage (chert,<br />
basalt, obsidian flakes), ground stone tools <strong>of</strong> sandstone and quartzite, and fire-affected <strong>rock</strong>. Midden<br />
deposits typically mark habitation spots and are recognizable by <strong>the</strong> characteristic dark colored soil, with<br />
traces <strong>of</strong> animal bone and charcoal intermixed. Most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> hunting camps in this area do not have a<br />
midden soil component. Historic artifacts potentially include all byproducts <strong>of</strong> human land use greater<br />
than 50 years <strong>of</strong> age.<br />
Although very unlikely, <strong>the</strong> discovery <strong>of</strong> human skeletal remains anywhere within a project area requires<br />
that work be immediately discontinued in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> discovery while <strong>the</strong> county coroner is<br />
contacted. If <strong>the</strong> skeletal remains are found to be prehistoric, Native American and not modern, <strong>the</strong>n <strong>the</strong><br />
coroner must call <strong>the</strong> Native American Heritage Commission in Sacramento, which will designate <strong>the</strong><br />
"Most Likely Descendant" <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> remains. The Most Likely Descendant will be responsible for<br />
recommending <strong>the</strong> disposition and treatment <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> remains. Although <strong>the</strong> likelihood <strong>of</strong> encountering<br />
human skeletal remains in <strong>the</strong> project area is very slight, it is important to have a procedure for alternate<br />
tasks that can be put into effect quickly in <strong>the</strong> event that human remains are discovered. This allows<br />
construction work to continue while <strong>the</strong> remains are investigated.<br />
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Hamilton, Fletcher<br />
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25
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January 7, 2011<br />
Haschak, Art<br />
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on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-33351. Report made available by <strong>the</strong> California Department <strong>of</strong> Forestry (CDF), Santa<br />
Rosa, CA.<br />
Hovland, Patrick<br />
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Howard, R. and R. Bowman<br />
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1999 Confidential Archaeological Addendum for Wildwood Ranch THP, 1-99-341 MEN, Mendocino County, CA. Unpublished<br />
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Santa Rosa, CA.<br />
McKenzie, Donald<br />
1992a Archaeological and Historical Resources Survey and Impact Assessment, Big Cheese THP, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
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1992b Archaeological and Historical Resources Survey and Impact Assessment, Yellow Dog THP, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Unpublished report on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-14426.<br />
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NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-14843 & S-15189.<br />
McLendon, Sally and Robert L. Oswalt<br />
1978 Pomo: Introduction. In California, edited by Robert F. Heizer, pp. 274-288. Handbook <strong>of</strong> North American Indians, vol. 8,<br />
William C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C.<br />
26
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January 7, 2011<br />
Neri, Maximillian<br />
1998a Confidential Archaeological Addendum for Squaw<strong>fish</strong> 1998 THP, Mendocino County, CA. Unpublished report on file at <strong>the</strong><br />
NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-21524.<br />
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Forestry (CDF), Santa Rosa, CA.<br />
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NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-20668.<br />
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Origer, Thomas M.<br />
1990 An Archaeological Survey for <strong>the</strong> AT&T Fiber Optics Cable, San Francisco to Point Arena, California. Unpublished report<br />
on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-13217.<br />
Palmer, Lyman L.<br />
1880 History <strong>of</strong> Mendocino County, California. Alley, Bowen & Co., San Francisco, California.<br />
Peak & Associates, Inc.<br />
1999 Cultural Resources Assessment <strong>of</strong> Portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Proposed AT&T Dunnigan to Manchester Fiber Optic Cable Alignment,<br />
Lake, Napa, Mendocino and Yolo Counties, California. Unpublished reports on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-22267.<br />
2000 Revised: Cultural Resources Assessment <strong>of</strong> Portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Proposed AT&T Dunnigan to Manchester Fiber Optic Cable<br />
Alignment, Lake, Napa, Mendocino and Yolo Counties, California. Unpublished report on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-<br />
22536.<br />
Powers, Mike and Becky Matson<br />
2001 A Confidential Archaeological Addendum for Doty Creek THP, 1-01-059 MEN, Mendocino County, CA. Unpublished<br />
report on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-26488. Report made available by <strong>the</strong> California Department <strong>of</strong> Forestry (CDF),<br />
Santa Rosa, CA.<br />
Ramaley, John<br />
1998 Confidential Archaeological Addendum for Cotton Mouth THP, 1-98-071 MEN, Mendocino County, CA. Unpublished<br />
report on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-32636. Report made available by <strong>the</strong> California Department <strong>of</strong> Forestry (CDF),<br />
Santa Rosa, CA.<br />
Richardson, Charles<br />
2000 Confidential Archaeological Addendum for THP #1-00-263 Men (Peyin’ <strong>the</strong> bills). Unpublished report on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-24640.<br />
Roop, William<br />
1983 Mendocino County File Number MS 92-82, Minor Land Division, Intersection <strong>of</strong> Fish Road Rd. and Iverson Road). ARS<br />
83-06. Unpublished report on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-5806.<br />
Tarbel, Jim and Judy Tarbel<br />
2003 Mendocino Coast Memories. Yesterday’s News Collective, Sausalito, CA<br />
Sanchez, Katy (Native American Heritage Commission)<br />
2009 Letter dated August 26, 2009 regarding results <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands Inventory search request and list <strong>of</strong> Mendocino<br />
County Native American individuals/organizations to contact for ARS project 09-037. Letter on file at ARS under 09-037 and<br />
at <strong>the</strong> NAHC.<br />
Sharp, John and Jeffery A. Hamilton<br />
1996 Archaeological Survey <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Proposed Fatboy Timber Harvesting Plan, Mendocino County, California. Unpublished<br />
report on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-29970.<br />
Shively, Russ<br />
2001 A Confidential Archaeological Addendum for S.F. Garcia/Fleming THP, 1-01-240 MEN, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Unpublished report on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-25705. Report made available by <strong>the</strong> California Department <strong>of</strong><br />
Forestry (CDF), Santa Rosa, CA.<br />
Shultz, Ray<br />
1981 Valleys <strong>of</strong> Mendocino County. Mendocino County Historical Society, Ukiah, CA.<br />
Solinsky, William D.<br />
1992 Archaeological and Historical Resources Survey and Impact Assessment, MacGrade THP, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Unpublished report on file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-14059.<br />
Webster, Roy W.<br />
1994 Archaeological Review <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock THP, 1-94-320 MEN, Mendocino County, CA. Unpublished report on file at <strong>the</strong><br />
NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-28269.<br />
Williams, John<br />
1996 Confidential Archaeological Addendum for <strong>the</strong> Barns THP, 1-96-334 MEN, Mendocino County, CA. Unpublished report on<br />
file at <strong>the</strong> NWIC <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CHRIS as S-33758.<br />
27
APPENDIX A:<br />
Cultural Resource Sensitivity Maps [confidential, not for general distribution)<br />
Table <strong>of</strong> treatment (DIRT) sites with results <strong>of</strong> surface inspection
ARS 09-037 Fish Rock Road<br />
12/21/2010<br />
DIRT Site Mile Post Work Type Cultural Resources Archaeologically Sensitive<br />
C156 3.13 DRC No Yes<br />
C157 3.22 DRC No Yes<br />
C158 3.38 DRC No Yes<br />
C159 3.52 DRC No Yes<br />
C160 DRC No Yes<br />
C161 3.74 DRC No Yes<br />
C162 DRC No Yes<br />
C163 DRC No Yes<br />
C164 DRC No No<br />
C165 DRC No No<br />
C166 5.28 DRC No No<br />
C167 DRC NA NA<br />
C168 DRC NA NA<br />
C169 DRC NA NA<br />
C170 5.60 DRC NA NA<br />
C171 5.73 DRC NA NA<br />
C172 DRC NA NA<br />
C173 5.88 DRC NA NA<br />
C175 6.52 DRC No No<br />
C176 6.82 No No<br />
C177 7.53 DRC No No<br />
C178 7.72 NA NA<br />
C179 8 DRC left <strong>of</strong> here No No<br />
C180 9.20 DRC No No<br />
C181 9.37 DRC No No<br />
C184 10.00 DRC No No<br />
C185 DRC No No<br />
C186 11.48 DRC No No<br />
C188 12.15 DRC NA NA<br />
C190 13.57 DRC No Yes<br />
C191 DRC No Yes<br />
C192 13.73 DRC No Yes<br />
C193 DRC No Yes<br />
C194 DRC No Yes<br />
C195 14.00 DRC NA NA<br />
C198 15.18 DRC NA NA<br />
C209.5 DRC NA NA<br />
C220 19.13 DRC NC No<br />
C224 21.00 DRC Yes Yes<br />
C226 21.30 DRC No No<br />
C228 21.66 DRC No No<br />
C231 22.82 DRC No No<br />
C232 DRC No Yes<br />
C233 24.90 DRC No No<br />
C234 25.04 DRC No No<br />
C235 DRC No No<br />
C236 25.48 DRC No No<br />
C237 25.70 DRC No No<br />
C238 DRC No No<br />
C240 DRC No Yes<br />
C241 26.14 DRC No Yes<br />
30.01 DITCH No No<br />
STR NA NA<br />
32 STR NA NA<br />
32.01 DRC NA NA<br />
33 SPOILS SITE No No<br />
NA NA<br />
1
ARS 09-037 Fish Rock Road<br />
12/21/2010<br />
DIRT Site Mile Post Work Type Cultural Resources Archaeologically Sensitive<br />
35.5 DRC No Yes<br />
36.1 15.00 DRC NA NA<br />
36.2 15.13 DRC NA NA<br />
36.3 15.32 DRC NA NA<br />
36.4 DRC NA NA<br />
36.5 DITCH No Yes<br />
36.8 16.00 DITCH Yes Yes<br />
37.1 16.56 DRC No No<br />
37.2 DRC NA NA<br />
37.4 DRC NA NA<br />
38 STR NA NA<br />
38.5 STR NA NA<br />
38.7 DRC NA NA<br />
39 STR NA NA<br />
39.2 DRC NA NA<br />
39.4 DITCH NA NA<br />
39.6 DITCH NA NA<br />
39.8 STR NA NA<br />
40 DRC NA NA<br />
41 DRC NA NA<br />
42 DRC NA NA<br />
43 DRC NA NA<br />
44 STR NA NA<br />
44.2 STR NA NA<br />
45 DRC NA NA<br />
45.5 STR NA NA<br />
46 DRC NA NA<br />
46.2 STR NA NA<br />
47 STR NA NA<br />
47.01 DRC NA NA<br />
47.1 UNSTABLE NA NA<br />
47.2 STR NA NA<br />
47.3 DRC NA NA<br />
47.4 STR NA NA<br />
47.5 STR NA NA<br />
47.6 DRC NA NA<br />
47.7 DRC NA NA<br />
47.8 DRC NA NA<br />
47.9 STR NA NA<br />
48.01 DITCH No No<br />
48.1 DITCH No No<br />
48.2 20.00 DITCH No No<br />
49.1 20.62 STR No No<br />
50.2 20.89 DRC No No<br />
50.5 DRC No No<br />
50.6 21.79 DRC No No<br />
50.7 DRC NC No<br />
NA NA<br />
34 new or C184 or 35 or 36 No No<br />
35 9.72 DRC No No<br />
36.6 15.54 DITCH No Yes<br />
36.7 15.75 DRC No Yes<br />
36.9 DITCH No Yes<br />
37.01 DITCH Yes Yes<br />
48 SPOILS SITE No No<br />
49 SPOILS SITE No No<br />
49.01 UNSTABLE No No<br />
50 DRC No No<br />
2
ARS 09-037 Fish Rock Road<br />
12/21/2010<br />
DIRT Site Mile Post Work Type Cultural Resources Archaeologically Sensitive<br />
50.01 UNSTABLE No No<br />
50.1 UNSTABLE No No<br />
50.3 DRC No No<br />
50.4 SPOILS SITE No No<br />
51.01 STR No No<br />
52 DRC No No<br />
53 SPOILS SITE No No<br />
54 STR No No<br />
55 DITCH No No<br />
56 STR No No<br />
57 22.23 DRC No No<br />
58 STR No No<br />
59 STR No No<br />
60 22.33 DRC No No<br />
61 22.39 STR No No<br />
62 STR No No<br />
62.4 UNSTABLE No No<br />
62.1 22.52 DRC No No<br />
63 22.65 DRC No No<br />
64 STR No No<br />
65 STR No No<br />
66 23.00 STR No No<br />
67 23.05 STR No No<br />
68 23.16 DRC No No<br />
69 BRIDGE Yes No<br />
70 23.49 STR No No<br />
71 23.69 STR No No<br />
72 SPOILS SITE No No<br />
73 STR No No<br />
74 23.82 DRC No No<br />
75 23.92 STR No No<br />
76 23.92 STR No No<br />
77 23.92 STR No No<br />
78 STR No No<br />
79 DRC No No<br />
80 DRC No No<br />
81 DRC No No<br />
82 24.00 STR No No<br />
83 DRC No No<br />
84 STR No No<br />
85 STR No No<br />
86 24.36 STR No No<br />
87 DRC No No<br />
88 STR No Yes<br />
89 STR Yes Yes<br />
90 24.57 STR No No<br />
91 STR No No<br />
92 24.82 STR No No<br />
93 STR No No<br />
94 STR No No<br />
95 STR No No<br />
96 25.36 STR No No<br />
97 STR No No<br />
98 STR No No<br />
99 STR No No<br />
100 STR No No<br />
101 25.70 STR No No<br />
102 25.83 STR No Yes<br />
3
ARS 09-037 Fish Rock Road<br />
12/21/2010<br />
DIRT Site Mile Post Work Type Cultural Resources Archaeologically Sensitive<br />
103 STR Yes Yes<br />
104 25.97 STR No Yes<br />
105 STR No Yes<br />
106 26.32 STR No Yes<br />
107 STR No Yes<br />
108 26.45 STR No Yes<br />
109 STR No Yes<br />
110 STR No Yes<br />
111 26.78 STR No Yes<br />
112 26.87 STR No Yes<br />
113 SPRING No Yes<br />
114 27.12 STR No Yes<br />
114-A DRC No No<br />
105-A DRC No Yes<br />
101-A BERM No No<br />
102-B BERM No Yes<br />
101-B BERM No No<br />
C236-A OSFF No No<br />
C236-B OSFF No No<br />
89-A DRC No Yes<br />
70.1 OSFF No No<br />
70-A DRC No No<br />
70-B DRC No No<br />
69-B DRC No No<br />
69-C DRC No No<br />
63-A DRC No No<br />
none UNSTABLE No No<br />
62-A BERM No No<br />
51 22.02 STR No No<br />
51.9 DITCH No No<br />
50.5-A 21.42 DRC No No<br />
50.3-A DRC No No<br />
49-A DRC No No<br />
48.2-A BERM No No<br />
48.2-B DRC No No<br />
48.1-A DRC No No<br />
48.1-B DRC No No<br />
48.1-C DRC No No<br />
48.01-B DRC No No<br />
48.01-A DRC No No<br />
36.8-A DRC No Yes<br />
36.5-A DRC No Yes<br />
C187 DRC No No<br />
36 DRC No No<br />
NONE BERM No Yes<br />
NONE DRC o<strong>the</strong>r No Yes<br />
C185.5 DRC No No<br />
C185.4 DRC No No<br />
C185.3 DRC No No<br />
39.4-A ROAD NA NA<br />
90-A DRC? No No<br />
36.6-A DITCH? No No<br />
32.5 Yes No<br />
4
APPENDIX B:<br />
Department <strong>of</strong> Parks and Recreation 523 Forms<br />
ARS 09-037-01: building >45 years <strong>of</strong> age<br />
ARS 09-037-02: remnants <strong>of</strong> private bridge and structure<br />
ARS 09-037-03: building >45 years <strong>of</strong> age
ARS version <strong>of</strong><br />
State <strong>of</strong> California - The Resources Agency<br />
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION<br />
PRIMARY RECORD<br />
Page: 1 <strong>of</strong> 2<br />
P1. O<strong>the</strong>r Identifier:<br />
P2. Location:<br />
a. County: Mendocino<br />
Not for Publication Unrestricted<br />
b. USGS Quad: Ornbaun Valley<br />
7.5'<br />
Date 1991<br />
c. Address: 20111 Fish Rock Road<br />
City: Yorkville Zip: 95494<br />
d. UTM: Zone: 10 , 472540 mE / 4305980 mN<br />
e. O<strong>the</strong>r Locational Data: APN<br />
Land Grant: un<br />
Supplemental:<br />
O<strong>the</strong>r Listings:<br />
Primary #:<br />
HRI #:<br />
Trinomial:<br />
NRHP Status Code:<br />
P-23-00<br />
Review Code: Reviewer: Date:<br />
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.)<br />
T 12N R 13W sw 1/4 <strong>of</strong> nw 1/4 <strong>of</strong> Section: 9<br />
P3. Description: This barn is one <strong>of</strong> several older outbuildings located on this ranch, at 20111 Fish Rock Road. The house on <strong>the</strong> ranch that can<br />
be viewed from <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way does not appear greater than 45 years <strong>of</strong> age, but <strong>the</strong>re could be an additional residence and o<strong>the</strong>r<br />
buildings that could not be seen from <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>. (The survey was limited to <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way).<br />
This is a side gabled barn with a slight broken ro<strong>of</strong> line on <strong>the</strong> north side and has a newer ro<strong>of</strong> made <strong>of</strong> sheets <strong>of</strong> corrugated<br />
metal. The sides are clad with vertically placed wood planks <strong>of</strong> various sizes and lengths. Most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> doors are made <strong>of</strong> planks<br />
as well, except gate doors at ei<strong>the</strong>r end on <strong>the</strong> west side. The barn is located on a medium slope to <strong>the</strong> north and slightly<br />
cascades down <strong>the</strong> hill with a ro<strong>of</strong> length twice as long on <strong>the</strong> downhill side from <strong>the</strong> apex uphill. There are hay doors on <strong>the</strong> l<strong>of</strong>t<br />
level on both gable ends. There is not much distinctive character to <strong>the</strong> barn, but it looks old and wea<strong>the</strong>red. Two window<br />
openings on <strong>the</strong> north side are partially covered with slats <strong>of</strong> wood and <strong>the</strong>re is one hinged door on <strong>the</strong> east side at <strong>the</strong> north end,<br />
and a set <strong>of</strong> double barn doors on <strong>the</strong> west side in <strong>the</strong> center. Fenestration on <strong>the</strong> south side is unknown, as this side could not<br />
be viewed from <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong>way.<br />
P3b. Resource Attributes - Historic: AH15. Standing Structures<br />
P3c. Resource Attributes - Prehistoric:<br />
P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element <strong>of</strong> District O<strong>the</strong>r (Isolates, etc)<br />
P5. Photograph or Drawing:<br />
P5b. Description <strong>of</strong> Photo:<br />
East side<br />
P6. Date Constructed/Age:<br />
Historic<br />
P7. Owner and Address:<br />
20111 Fish Rock Road<br />
Yorkville, CA 95494<br />
P8. Recorded by:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
P9. Date Recorded:<br />
19-Oct-09<br />
P10. Type <strong>of</strong> Survey:<br />
Reconnaissance<br />
Describe Survey:<br />
Mixed reconnaissance and windshield<br />
survey<br />
P11. Report Citation: Evans, Sally and William Roop (2009): A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project,<br />
Mendocino County, California. ARS 09-037.<br />
Attachments: None Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record<br />
Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Stone Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record<br />
Photograph Record Isolate Record O<strong>the</strong>r:<br />
Resource Name or #: ARS 09-037-01<br />
Mt. Diablo B.M.
ARS version <strong>of</strong><br />
State <strong>of</strong> California - The Resources Agency<br />
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION<br />
LOCATION MAP<br />
Primary #: P-23-00<br />
HRI #:<br />
Trinomial:<br />
Page: 2 <strong>of</strong> 2<br />
Resource Name or #: ARS 09-037-01<br />
Map Name: USGS 7.5' Orbaun Valley quadrangle map Scale: 1:24000 Map Date: 1991
ARS version <strong>of</strong><br />
State <strong>of</strong> California - The Resources Agency<br />
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION<br />
PRIMARY RECORD<br />
Page: 1 <strong>of</strong> 2<br />
P1. O<strong>the</strong>r Identifier:<br />
P2. Location:<br />
a. County: Mendocino<br />
Not for Publication Unrestricted<br />
b. USGS Quad: Ornbaun Valley<br />
7.5'<br />
Date 1991<br />
c. Address: 19400 Fish Rock Road<br />
City: Yorkville, CA Zip: 95494<br />
d. UTM: Zone: 10 , 470470 mE / 4306040 mN<br />
e. O<strong>the</strong>r Locational Data:<br />
Land Grant:<br />
Supplemental:<br />
O<strong>the</strong>r Listings:<br />
Primary #:<br />
HRI #:<br />
Trinomial:<br />
NRHP Status Code:<br />
P-23-00<br />
Review Code: Reviewer: Date:<br />
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.)<br />
T 12N R 13W se 1/4 <strong>of</strong> ne 1/4 <strong>of</strong> Section: 7<br />
P3. Description: This site marks remnants <strong>of</strong> a small private bridge and structure. The bridge crossed over Mill Creek providing access to <strong>the</strong><br />
residence that was located on <strong>the</strong> north side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek. The only remnants <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> residence that could be seen from Fish Rock<br />
Road on <strong>the</strong> south side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek were a cinder block fireplace that is 10 to 12 feet tall and a somewhat neatly stacked pile <strong>of</strong><br />
boards. On <strong>the</strong> south side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek, along Fish Rock Road were a few 1' by 8' wood beams and what appears to be a steel<br />
beam protruding about 18" from <strong>the</strong> top <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek bank. On <strong>the</strong> north bank <strong>the</strong>re are similar sized wood beams placed<br />
vertically into soil at <strong>the</strong> top <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> creek bank. These materials indicate <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> a former bridge, but nothing else <strong>of</strong> it<br />
remains. The residence is depicted on <strong>the</strong> USGS Orbaun Valley 15’ map from 1960, and according to <strong>the</strong> USGS Orbaun Valley<br />
7.5’ map from 1991 three outbuildings were added to <strong>the</strong> property between 1960 and 1991. Nothing could be seen <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r<br />
structures from Fish Rock Road. The survey was limited to <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way.<br />
P3b. Resource Attributes - Historic:<br />
P3c. Resource Attributes - Prehistoric:<br />
AH2. Foundations/structure pads<br />
P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element <strong>of</strong> District O<strong>the</strong>r (Isolates, etc)<br />
P5. Photograph or Drawing:<br />
P5b. Description <strong>of</strong> Photo:<br />
Left: south bank bridge remnants.<br />
Right: structure remnants.<br />
P6. Date Constructed/Age:<br />
Historic<br />
P7. Owner and Address:<br />
19400 Fish Rock Road<br />
Yorkville, CA 95494<br />
P8. Recorded by:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 Ameican Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
P9. Date Recorded:<br />
19-Oct-09<br />
P10. Type <strong>of</strong> Survey:<br />
Reconnaissance<br />
Describe Survey:<br />
Mixed reconnaissance and windshield<br />
survey<br />
P11. Report Citation: Evans, Sally and William Roop (2009): A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project,<br />
Mendocino County, California. ARS 09-037.<br />
Attachments: None Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record<br />
Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Stone Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record<br />
Photograph Record Isolate Record O<strong>the</strong>r:<br />
Resource Name or #: ARS 09-037-02<br />
Mt. Diablo B.M.
ARS version <strong>of</strong><br />
State <strong>of</strong> California - The Resources Agency<br />
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION<br />
LOCATION MAP<br />
Primary #: P-23-00<br />
HRI #:<br />
Trinomial:<br />
Page: 2 <strong>of</strong> 2<br />
Resource Name or #: ARS 09-037-02<br />
Map Name: USGS 7.5' Orbaun Valley quadrangle map Scale: 1:24000 Map Date: 1991
ARS version <strong>of</strong><br />
State <strong>of</strong> California - The Resources Agency<br />
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION<br />
PRIMARY RECORD<br />
Page: 1 opf 2<br />
P1. O<strong>the</strong>r Identifier:<br />
P2. Location:<br />
a. County: Mendocino<br />
Not for Publication Unrestricted<br />
b. USGS Quad: Ornbaun Valley<br />
7.5'<br />
Date 1991<br />
c. Address: 23751 Fish Rock Road<br />
City: Yorkville Zip: 95494<br />
d. UTM: Zone: 10 , 467900 mE / 4304340 mN<br />
e. O<strong>the</strong>r Locational Data: North sid e <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong><br />
Land Grant:<br />
Supplemental:<br />
O<strong>the</strong>r Listings:<br />
Primary #:<br />
HRI #:<br />
Trinomial:<br />
NRHP Status Code:<br />
P-23-00<br />
Review Code: Reviewer: Date:<br />
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.)<br />
T 14W R 12N se 1/4 <strong>of</strong> ne 1/4 <strong>of</strong> Section: 13<br />
P3. Description: This site is a barn greater than 45 years <strong>of</strong> age. It is one <strong>of</strong> several older structures on <strong>the</strong> ranch with <strong>the</strong> address 23751 Fish<br />
Rock Road. The survey was limited to <strong>the</strong> <strong>road</strong> right-<strong>of</strong>-way and <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r structures on <strong>the</strong> ranch could not be seen from <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>road</strong>way. The 2005 Mendocino County aerial also shows remnants <strong>of</strong> an orchard or vineyard within this ranch.<br />
The barn is a small side gabled barn with a shed addition on <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>ast side. The barn and shed addition are open on <strong>the</strong><br />
northwest side. The southwest side and gable portion on <strong>the</strong> northwest side are clad with horizontally placed false beveled<br />
boards, with each plank consisting <strong>of</strong> two false beveled strips. The sou<strong>the</strong>ast side (rear) is clad with three inch wide<br />
(approximately) plain boards. There were two windows on <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>ast side which are falling out <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> frames. The ro<strong>of</strong> was<br />
covered with wood shakes, but a high percentage <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se are missing. The structure is currently used to store wood and does<br />
not appear to get repairs. The northwest side appears to be missing many <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> external boards. Due to <strong>the</strong> opening on <strong>the</strong><br />
northwest side it appears that this small barn was used for parking or storing equipment.<br />
P3b. Resource Attributes - Historic:<br />
P3c. Resource Attributes - Prehistoric:<br />
AH15. Standing Structures<br />
P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element <strong>of</strong> District O<strong>the</strong>r (Isolates, etc)<br />
P5. Photograph or Drawing:<br />
P5b. Description <strong>of</strong> Photo:<br />
Left: sou<strong>the</strong>ast side. Right: northwest<br />
side<br />
P6. Date Constructed/Age:<br />
Historic<br />
P7. Owner and Address:<br />
23751 Fish Rock Road<br />
Yorkville, CA 95494<br />
P8. Recorded by:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
P9. Date Recorded:<br />
19-Oct-08<br />
P10. Type <strong>of</strong> Survey:<br />
Reconnaissance<br />
Describe Survey:<br />
Mixed reconnaissance and windsheild<br />
survey<br />
P11. Report Citation: Evans, Sally and William Roop (2009): A Cultural Resources Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Road Sediment Reduction Project,<br />
Mendocino County, California. ARS 09-037.<br />
Attachments: None Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record<br />
Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Stone Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record<br />
Photograph Record Isolate Record O<strong>the</strong>r:<br />
Resource Name or #: ARS 09-037-03<br />
Mt. Diablo B.M.
ARS version <strong>of</strong><br />
State <strong>of</strong> California - The Resources Agency<br />
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION<br />
LOCATION MAP<br />
Primary #: P-23-00<br />
HRI #:<br />
Trinomial:<br />
Page: 2 <strong>of</strong> 2<br />
Resource Name or #: ARS 09-037-03<br />
Map Name: USGS 7.5' Orbaun Valley quadrangle map Scale: 1:24000 Map Date: 1991
APPENDIX C:<br />
Native American Correspondence
August 20, 2009<br />
Ms. Katy Sanchez<br />
Native American Heritage Commission<br />
915 Capitol Mall, Room 364<br />
Sacramento, CA 95814<br />
Dear Ms. Sanchez:<br />
Re: ARS 09-037; A Cultural Resources Evaluation for <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Sediment<br />
Reduction Project, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Archaeological Resource Service has been retained to conduct a <strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong> up to<br />
219 locations and about nine miles <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way within and adjacent to an approximately 24-mile section <strong>of</strong><br />
Fish Rock Road. Fish Rock Road is located in sou<strong>the</strong>rn Mendocino County, about five miles north <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
border with Sonoma County. The 24-mile stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is situated between Iverson Road near<br />
Gualala and Highway 128 near <strong>the</strong> small town <strong>of</strong> Yorkville.<br />
The project area is located on portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> USGS 7.5’ Gualala, McGuire Ridge, Zeni Ridge and<br />
Ornbaun Valley quadrangle maps and through <strong>the</strong> following Township and Range coordinates: T11N /<br />
R15W, T12N / R15W, T12N / R14W and T12N / R13W. The project area is shown on <strong>the</strong> attached five<br />
maps, including four quadrangle maps.<br />
Please undertake a sacred lands inventory for this project area, and supply us with a list <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
appropriate Native American organizations and individuals to contact regarding this project area. Thank<br />
you.<br />
Sincerely,<br />
Sally Evans<br />
Staff Archaeologist<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A Petaluma, California 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 � FAX (707) 762-1791
September 1, 2009<br />
Mr. Reno Franklin<br />
Tribal Historic Preservation Officer<br />
Stewarts Point Rancheria<br />
3535 Industrial Dr., Suite B2<br />
Santa Rosa, CA 95403<br />
Re: ARS 09-037; A Cultural Resources Evaluation for <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Sediment<br />
Reduction Project, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Dear Mr. Franklin:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service has been retained to conduct a <strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong> up to<br />
220 specific locations and about nine miles <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way within and adjacent to an approximately 24-mile<br />
section <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. Fish Rock Road is located in sou<strong>the</strong>rn Mendocino County, about five miles<br />
north <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> border with Sonoma County. The 24-mile stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is situated between Iverson<br />
Road near Gualala and Highway 128 near <strong>the</strong> small town <strong>of</strong> Yorkville.<br />
The project area is located on portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> USGS 7.5’ Gualala, McGuire Ridge, Zeni Ridge and<br />
Ornbaun Valley quadrangle maps and through <strong>the</strong> following Township and Range coordinates: T11N /<br />
R15W, T12N / R15W, T12N / R14W and T12N / R13W. The project area is shown on <strong>the</strong> attached five<br />
maps, including four quadrangle maps.<br />
At our request, a search <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands File was conducted by <strong>the</strong> Native American Heritage<br />
Commission. The search indicated <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> two Native American Sacred Sites in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
larger project area. These <strong>resources</strong> are Kabetsaka wani (Zeni Ridge quadrangle, Section 18 <strong>of</strong><br />
T12N/R13W) and Meeu (McGuire Ridge quadrangle, Section 31 <strong>of</strong> T12N/R13W). We are contacting you<br />
for fur<strong>the</strong>r information about <strong>the</strong>se Sacred Sites and o<strong>the</strong>r archaeological <strong>resources</strong> or Native American<br />
traditional places and ga<strong>the</strong>ring areas within <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area. We are seeking to identify all<br />
potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, including important Native American <strong>resources</strong>, within and<br />
adjacent to <strong>the</strong> Area <strong>of</strong> Potential Effect (APE) in order to recommend measures to avoid impacts.<br />
If you have information that should be considered in this <strong>evaluation</strong> or if you have any concerns that <strong>the</strong><br />
project may affect Native American <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, please contact us within 30 days at <strong>the</strong> address or<br />
phone number listed below:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 (voice)<br />
(707) 762-1791 (fax)<br />
Additionally, since <strong>the</strong> undertaking is subject to a Section 106 review you may also be contacted by <strong>the</strong><br />
Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers, as an interested party. Please refer to ARS 09-037 in your communication with<br />
us. Thank you in advance for your participation in this <strong>evaluation</strong> process.<br />
Sincerely,<br />
Sally Evans<br />
Staff Archaeologist<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A Petaluma, California 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 � FAX (707) 762-1791
September 1, 2009<br />
Lynne Rosselli<br />
Environmental Planning Department<br />
Stewarts Point Rancheria<br />
3535 Indistrial Dr., Suite B2<br />
Santa Rosa, CA 95403<br />
Re: ARS 09-037; A Cultural Resources Evaluation for <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Sediment<br />
Reduction Project, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Dear Lynne,<br />
Archaeological Resource Service has been retained to conduct a <strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong> up to<br />
220 specific locations and about nine miles <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way within and adjacent to an approximately 24-mile<br />
section <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. Fish Rock Road is located in sou<strong>the</strong>rn Mendocino County, about five miles<br />
north <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> border with Sonoma County. The 24-mile stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is situated between Iverson<br />
Road near Gualala and Highway 128 near <strong>the</strong> small town <strong>of</strong> Yorkville.<br />
The project area is located on portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> USGS 7.5’ Gualala, McGuire Ridge, Zeni Ridge and<br />
Ornbaun Valley quadrangle maps and through <strong>the</strong> following Township and Range coordinates: T11N /<br />
R15W, T12N / R15W, T12N / R14W and T12N / R13W. The project area is shown on <strong>the</strong> attached five<br />
maps, including four quadrangle maps.<br />
At our request, a search <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands File was conducted by <strong>the</strong> Native American Heritage<br />
Commission. The search indicated <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> two Native American Sacred Sites in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
larger project area. These <strong>resources</strong> are Kabetsaka wani (Zeni Ridge quadrangle, Section 18 <strong>of</strong><br />
T12N/R13W) and Meeu (McGuire Ridge quadrangle, Section 31 <strong>of</strong> T12N/R13W). We are contacting you<br />
for fur<strong>the</strong>r information about <strong>the</strong>se Sacred Sites and o<strong>the</strong>r archaeological <strong>resources</strong> or Native American<br />
traditional places and ga<strong>the</strong>ring areas within <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area. We are seeking to identify all<br />
potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, including important Native American <strong>resources</strong>, within and<br />
adjacent to <strong>the</strong> Area <strong>of</strong> Potential Effect (APE) in order to recommend measures to avoid impacts.<br />
If you have information that should be considered in this <strong>evaluation</strong> or if you have any concerns that <strong>the</strong><br />
project may affect Native American <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, please contact us within 30 days at <strong>the</strong> address or<br />
phone number listed below:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 (voice)<br />
(707) 762-1791 (fax)<br />
Additionally, since <strong>the</strong> undertaking is subject to a Section 106 review you may also be contacted by <strong>the</strong><br />
Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers, as an interested party. Please refer to ARS 09-037 in your communication with<br />
us. Thank you in advance for your participation in this <strong>evaluation</strong> process.<br />
Sincerely,<br />
Sally Evans<br />
Staff Archaeologist<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A Petaluma, California 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 � FAX (707) 762-1791
September 1, 2009<br />
Ms. Wanda Balderama<br />
Chairperson<br />
Hopland Band <strong>of</strong> Pomo Indians<br />
3000 Shanel Road / 98<br />
Hopland, CA 95449<br />
Re: ARS 09-037; A Cultural Resources Evaluation for <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Sediment<br />
Reduction Project, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Dear Ms. Balderama:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service has been retained to conduct a <strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong> up to<br />
220 specific locations and about nine miles <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way within and adjacent to an approximately 24-mile<br />
section <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. Fish Rock Road is located in sou<strong>the</strong>rn Mendocino County, about five miles<br />
north <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> border with Sonoma County. The 24-mile stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is situated between Iverson<br />
Road near Gualala and Highway 128 near <strong>the</strong> small town <strong>of</strong> Yorkville.<br />
The project area is located on portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> USGS 7.5’ Gualala, McGuire Ridge, Zeni Ridge and<br />
Ornbaun Valley quadrangle maps and through <strong>the</strong> following Township and Range coordinates: T11N /<br />
R15W, T12N / R15W, T12N / R14W and T12N / R13W. The project area is shown on <strong>the</strong> attached five<br />
maps, including four quadrangle maps.<br />
At our request, a search <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands File was conducted by <strong>the</strong> Native American Heritage<br />
Commission. The search indicated <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> two Native American Sacred Sites in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
larger project area. These <strong>resources</strong> are Kabetsaka wani (Zeni Ridge quadrangle, Section 18 <strong>of</strong><br />
T12N/R13W) and Meeu (McGuire Ridge quadrangle, Section 31 <strong>of</strong> T12N/R13W). We are contacting you<br />
for fur<strong>the</strong>r information about <strong>the</strong>se Sacred Sites and o<strong>the</strong>r archaeological <strong>resources</strong> or Native American<br />
traditional places and ga<strong>the</strong>ring areas within <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area. We are seeking to identify all<br />
potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, including important Native American <strong>resources</strong>, within and<br />
adjacent to <strong>the</strong> Area <strong>of</strong> Potential Effect (APE) in order to recommend measures to avoid impacts.<br />
If you have information that should be considered in this <strong>evaluation</strong> or if you have any concerns that <strong>the</strong><br />
project may affect Native American <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, please contact us within 30 days at <strong>the</strong> address or<br />
phone number listed below:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 (voice)<br />
(707) 762-1791 (fax)<br />
Additionally, since <strong>the</strong> undertaking is subject to a Section 106 review you may also be contacted by <strong>the</strong><br />
Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers, as an interested party. Please refer to ARS 09-037 in your communication with<br />
us. Thank you in advance for your participation in this <strong>evaluation</strong> process.<br />
Sincerely,<br />
Sally Evans<br />
Staff Archaeologist<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A Petaluma, California 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 � FAX (707) 762-1791
September 1, 2009<br />
Mr. Nelson Pinola<br />
Chairperson<br />
Mancherster-Point Arena Rancheria<br />
P.O. Box 623<br />
Point Arena, CA 95468<br />
Re: ARS 09-037; A Cultural Resources Evaluation for <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Sediment<br />
Reduction Project, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Dear Mr. Pinola:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service has been retained to conduct a <strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong> up to<br />
220 specific locations and about nine miles <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way within and adjacent to an approximately 24-mile<br />
section <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. Fish Rock Road is located in sou<strong>the</strong>rn Mendocino County, about five miles<br />
north <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> border with Sonoma County. The 24-mile stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is situated between Iverson<br />
Road near Gualala and Highway 128 near <strong>the</strong> small town <strong>of</strong> Yorkville.<br />
The project area is located on portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> USGS 7.5’ Gualala, McGuire Ridge, Zeni Ridge and<br />
Ornbaun Valley quadrangle maps and through <strong>the</strong> following Township and Range coordinates: T11N /<br />
R15W, T12N / R15W, T12N / R14W and T12N / R13W. The project area is shown on <strong>the</strong> attached five<br />
maps, including four quadrangle maps.<br />
At our request, a search <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands File was conducted by <strong>the</strong> Native American Heritage<br />
Commission. The search indicated <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> two Native American Sacred Sites in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
larger project area. These <strong>resources</strong> are Kabetsaka wani (Zeni Ridge quadrangle, Section 18 <strong>of</strong><br />
T12N/R13W) and Meeu (McGuire Ridge quadrangle, Section 31 <strong>of</strong> T12N/R13W). We are contacting you<br />
for fur<strong>the</strong>r information about <strong>the</strong>se Sacred Sites and o<strong>the</strong>r archaeological <strong>resources</strong> or Native American<br />
traditional places and ga<strong>the</strong>ring areas within <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area. We are seeking to identify all<br />
potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, including important Native American <strong>resources</strong>, within and<br />
adjacent to <strong>the</strong> Area <strong>of</strong> Potential Effect (APE) in order to recommend measures to avoid impacts.<br />
If you have information that should be considered in this <strong>evaluation</strong> or if you have any concerns that <strong>the</strong><br />
project may affect Native American <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, please contact us within 30 days at <strong>the</strong> address or<br />
phone number listed below:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 (voice)<br />
(707) 762-1791 (fax)<br />
Additionally, since <strong>the</strong> undertaking is subject to a Section 106 review you may also be contacted by <strong>the</strong><br />
Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers, as an interested party. Please refer to ARS 09-037 in your communication with<br />
us. Thank you in advance for your participation in this <strong>evaluation</strong> process.<br />
Sincerely,<br />
Sally Evans<br />
Staff Archaeologist<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A Petaluma, California 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 � FAX (707) 762-1791
September 1, 2009<br />
Mr. Eugene Jamison Jr.<br />
President<br />
Round Valley Reservation/Covelo Indian Community<br />
P.O. Box 448<br />
Covolo, CA 95428<br />
Re: ARS 09-037; A Cultural Resources Evaluation for <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Sediment<br />
Reduction Project, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Dear Mr. Jamison Jr.:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service has been retained to conduct a <strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong> up to<br />
220 specific locations and about nine miles <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way within and adjacent to an approximately 24-mile<br />
section <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. Fish Rock Road is located in sou<strong>the</strong>rn Mendocino County, about five miles<br />
north <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> border with Sonoma County. The 24-mile stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is situated between Iverson<br />
Road near Gualala and Highway 128 near <strong>the</strong> small town <strong>of</strong> Yorkville.<br />
The project area is located on portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> USGS 7.5’ Gualala, McGuire Ridge, Zeni Ridge and<br />
Ornbaun Valley quadrangle maps and through <strong>the</strong> following Township and Range coordinates: T11N /<br />
R15W, T12N / R15W, T12N / R14W and T12N / R13W. The project area is shown on <strong>the</strong> attached five<br />
maps, including four quadrangle maps.<br />
At our request, a search <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands File was conducted by <strong>the</strong> Native American Heritage<br />
Commission. The search indicated <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> two Native American Sacred Sites in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
larger project area. These <strong>resources</strong> are Kabetsaka wani (Zeni Ridge quadrangle, Section 18 <strong>of</strong><br />
T12N/R13W) and Meeu (McGuire Ridge quadrangle, Section 31 <strong>of</strong> T12N/R13W). We are contacting you<br />
for fur<strong>the</strong>r information about <strong>the</strong>se Sacred Sites and o<strong>the</strong>r archaeological <strong>resources</strong> or Native American<br />
traditional places and ga<strong>the</strong>ring areas within <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area. We are seeking to identify all<br />
potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, including important Native American <strong>resources</strong>, within and<br />
adjacent to <strong>the</strong> Area <strong>of</strong> Potential Effect (APE) in order to recommend measures to avoid impacts.<br />
If you have information that should be considered in this <strong>evaluation</strong> or if you have any concerns that <strong>the</strong><br />
project may affect Native American <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, please contact us within 30 days at <strong>the</strong> address or<br />
phone number listed below:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 (voice)<br />
(707) 762-1791 (fax)<br />
Additionally, since <strong>the</strong> undertaking is subject to a Section 106 review you may also be contacted by <strong>the</strong><br />
Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers, as an interested party. Please refer to ARS 09-037 in your communication with<br />
us. Thank you in advance for your participation in this <strong>evaluation</strong> process.<br />
Sincerely,<br />
Sally Evans<br />
Staff Archaeologist<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A Petaluma, California 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 � FAX (707) 762-1791
September 1, 2009<br />
Suki Waters<br />
P.O. Box 53<br />
Jenner, CA 95450<br />
Re: ARS 09-037; A Cultural Resources Evaluation for <strong>the</strong> Fish Rock Sediment<br />
Reduction Project, Mendocino County, CA.<br />
Dear Suki,<br />
Archaeological Resource Service has been retained to conduct a <strong>cultural</strong> resource <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong> up to<br />
220 specific locations and about nine miles <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way within and adjacent to an approximately 24-mile<br />
section <strong>of</strong> Fish Rock Road. Fish Rock Road is located in sou<strong>the</strong>rn Mendocino County, about five miles<br />
north <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> border with Sonoma County. The 24-mile stretch <strong>of</strong> <strong>road</strong>way is situated between Iverson<br />
Road near Gualala and Highway 128 near <strong>the</strong> small town <strong>of</strong> Yorkville.<br />
The project area is located on portions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> USGS 7.5’ Gualala, McGuire Ridge, Zeni Ridge and<br />
Ornbaun Valley quadrangle maps and through <strong>the</strong> following Township and Range coordinates: T11N /<br />
R15W, T12N / R15W, T12N / R14W and T12N / R13W. The project area is shown on <strong>the</strong> attached five<br />
maps, including four quadrangle maps.<br />
At our request, a search <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sacred Lands File was conducted by <strong>the</strong> Native American Heritage<br />
Commission. The search indicated <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> two Native American Sacred Sites in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
larger project area. These <strong>resources</strong> are Kabetsaka wani (Zeni Ridge quadrangle, Section 18 <strong>of</strong><br />
T12N/R13W) and Meeu (McGuire Ridge quadrangle, Section 31 <strong>of</strong> T12N/R13W). We are contacting you<br />
for fur<strong>the</strong>r information about <strong>the</strong>se Sacred Sites and o<strong>the</strong>r archaeological <strong>resources</strong> or Native American<br />
traditional places and ga<strong>the</strong>ring areas within <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> project area. We are seeking to identify all<br />
potentially significant <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, including important Native American <strong>resources</strong>, within and<br />
adjacent to <strong>the</strong> Area <strong>of</strong> Potential Effect (APE) in order to recommend measures to avoid impacts.<br />
If you have information that should be considered in this <strong>evaluation</strong> or if you have any concerns that <strong>the</strong><br />
project may affect Native American <strong>cultural</strong> <strong>resources</strong>, please contact us within 30 days at <strong>the</strong> address or<br />
phone number listed below:<br />
Archaeological Resource Service<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A<br />
Petaluma, CA 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 (voice)<br />
(707) 762-1791 (fax)<br />
Additionally, since <strong>the</strong> undertaking is subject to a Section 106 review you may also be contacted by <strong>the</strong><br />
Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Engineers, as an interested party. Please refer to ARS 09-037 in your communication with<br />
us. Thank you in advance for your participation in this <strong>evaluation</strong> process.<br />
Sincerely,<br />
Sally Evans<br />
Staff Archaeologist<br />
122 American Alley, Suite A Petaluma, California 94952<br />
(707) 762-2573 � FAX (707) 762-1791