eMagazine April 2023

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OUR PEOPLE, OUR MISSION Global Health eMagazine April 2023 Perspectives Reports from the Field Highlights Reflections Nursing Division Women’s Health Education Hispanic/Latinx Community Ugandan Voices Innovation and Technology Our Beautiful Planet Art to Remind Us of Who We Can Be Video of the Month Announcement New Publications Article of the Month Welcome Among the Letters Congratulations Photo News Calendar Global Health Family Resources Previous Issues of the eMagazine On this second admission, this prior history quickly raises suspicion of a similar diagnosis and Upper GI endoscopy confirms the suspicion as multiple foreign bodies in the stomach were seen causing gastric outlet obstruction. Erect abdominal x-ray also confirms GI perforation. The patient reported hearing unfamiliar voices compelling her to ingest nails and other metals within her reach which she obeyed. The patient was prepared for an emergency laparotomy. Intra-operatively, a midline incision was made on the anterior abdominal wall and found a distended stomach with two nails perforating through its wall. A 5 cm gastrostomy incision was then made 4 cm away from the greater curvature and found over 143 metallic foreign bodies of varying sizes and types. These were completely evacuated as shown in the pictures below. Gastric lavage was done using normal saline and Decasan before repairing the defect, closing the gastrostomy incision, and closing the anterior abdominal wall. The patient was then transferred to the Post Anesthetic Care Unit (PACU) for post-operative monitoring from where she was subsequently moved to the surgery ward under the care of the surgical team and a psychiatrist. Patient had an uneventful recovery post operatively. Mental health is an active state of mind which enables a person to use their abilities in coordination with the common human tenets of society. Mental health disorders include depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety, other psychoses, dementia, developmental disorders like autism etc. However, despite its importance, it is often the least prioritized amongst health conditions. In low- and medium-income countries like Uganda where disease, ignorance, and poverty are common, a demand for a steadfast mental healthcare can seem a luxury. Uganda is ranked among the top six countries in Africa in rates of depressive disorders (4.6%; Miller et al., 2020), while 2.9% live with anxiety disorders (WHO, 2017). About 5.1% of females and 3.6% of males are affected. Statistics from the ministry of health and Uganda counseling association revealed than an estimated 14 million Ugandans (35 out of every 100) suffer from a certain form of mental disorder. If each person from this category interacts with two people, that means the country is directly or indirectly affected by mental health disorders. This is worsened by the hiking cost of living and increased economic stress. Medical students, given their usually stressful schedules are one particular group of people with increased likelihood of mental health disorders. More is needed to be done in tackling mental health challenges as they continue to rise day in day out in Uganda. Link to the Video https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YHrjIawGi86kHLNOcfML3weH9jl-oh9x/ view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Zqc1WvizuwJF5zZAXY-9KIurn9O2nL5w/ view?usp=sharing 20
OUR PEOPLE, OUR MISSION Global Health eMagazine April 2023 Perspectives Reports from the Field Highlights Reflections Nursing Division Women’s Health Education Hispanic/Latinx Community Ugandan Voices Innovation and Technology Our Beautiful Planet Art to Remind Us of Who We Can Be Video of the Month Announcement New Publications Article of the Month Welcome Among the Letters Congratulations Photo News Calendar Global Health Family Resources Previous Issues of the eMagazine Innovation and Technology in Global Health Written by Swapnil Parve, MD Director of International Affairs at the NH/ UVMLCOM Global Health Program Over the past several years, we have seen a wave of emerging technologies, from blockchain and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to artificial intelligence (AI), demonstrate significant potential to alter and disrupt multiple sectors, including healthcare. Recognizing the huge potential of AI in global health, The Rockefeller Foundation and United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Center for Innovation and Impact (CII) have partnered, in close coordination with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, to develop AI in Global Health: Defining a Collective Path Forward. This report identifies opportunities for donors, governments, investors, the private sector, and other stakeholders to explore and accelerate the appropriate development and cost-effective use of AI at scale in global health. AI in Global Health: Section Editor: Swapnil Parve, MD Artificial Intelligence in Global Health: Defining a Collective Path Forward • Explores the current state of the art of AI in healthcare to determine use cases with the highest potential in the global health context • Assesses the most critical challenges to scaling AI in low and middle income countries to understand which barriers may require more strategic and deliberate intervention • Explores potential investments as part of a coordinated approach to funding this space effectively Artificial intelligence (AI) has begun to create change in healthcare across developed markets, and has potential to drive game-changing improvements for underserved communities in global health. From enabling community-health workers to better serve patients in remote areas to helping governments in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) prevent deadly disease outbreaks before they occur, there is growing recognition of the tremendous potential of AI tools to break fundamental tradeoffs in health access, quality, and cost. Health systems in LMICs face obstacles including daunting shortages of workers, medical equipment, and other resources that require strategic and innovative approaches to overcome. AI tools have exciting potential not only to optimize existing resources and help overcome these workforce resource shortages, but also to greatly improve healthcare delivery and outcomes in low-income settings in ways never previously imagined. Link to the Article: AI in Global Health 21
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