Oscillations, Waves, and Interactions - GWDG

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372 U. Kaatze and R. Behrends Figure 3. Cross section of a plano-concave resonator cell [37]. 1, sample volume; 2, planar circular piezoelectric transducer crystal with coaxially evaporated films of chrome and gold constituting the electrodes; 3, transducer disc as 2 but concavely shaped with radius of curvature =2 m; 4, layer of silicone rubber with embedded bronze strips providing electrical contact between the transducer front and the holding frame; 5, crystal setting; 6, spring contact; 7, cell jacket with 8, channel for circulating thermostat fluid; 9, inlet and 10, outlet for the sample liquid; 11, sealing O-ring; 12, base plate; 13, main frame fixed with respect to 12; 14, adjustable frame with 15, ball joint; 16, precisely adjustable screw with 17, counteracting spring; 18, movable frame fixed against radial dispacements and tilting by 19, ball-bush guides; 20, gauge block establishing the distance between 13 and 18; 21, locking device; 22 and 23, thermostatic channels; 24, thermostatic shield.
Liquids: Formation of complexes and complex dynamics 373 Figure 4. Construction of a variable-path-length cell for measurements between 0.6 and 4.6 GHz [42]. 1, cavity for sample cell with thermostatic jacket (not shown); 2 and 3, hole for inlet and outflow of sample; 4, sapphire rod serving as delay line and holding the piezoelectric zinc oxide transducer layer on its rear face; 5, mount for 4; 6, spring clamped electrical contact; 7, coaxial line; 8, plastic disc supporting the inner conductor of 7; 9, N-type connector; 10, T-branch; 11, high precision ball-bush guide; 12, specially honed and lapped bush; 13, bush; 14, piezo-translator; 15, backlash-free joint; 16, as 11; 17, finely honed and lapped pin; 18, sliding carriage; 19, mounting plate; 20, finely polished reference plane; 21, ball-and-socket joint; 22, adjustment device; 23, differential screws for sensitive adjustment of the sapphire rod direction; 24, ball gudgeon preventing the sample cell from rotating; 25, spring for the ball-and-socket joint 21; 26, thermostatic channels. faces formed by piezoelectrical transducers [36]. In order to reduce diffraction losses plano-concave [37] and biconcave devices [38,39] are also employed. As an illustration, a detail drawing of a plano-concave cell is shown in Fig. 3. In many applications the focussing effect of concavely shaped faces includes further favourable features, such as a reduction of undesired effects from disturbances due to small changes in the resonator adjustment on variation of temperature and superior mode spectrum as compared to the biplanar cell. In the upper frequency range (ν � 10 MHz) absolute α measurements are enabled by transmitting pulse-modulated sonic waves through a cell of variable sample length. The specimen cells mainly differ from one another by piezoelectric transmitter and reciever unit and by their sample volume [40–42] which, because of the smaller wavelength, may be much smaller at high frequencies. As an example the construction of the variable-path-length cell for hypersonic measurements between 0.6 and 4.6 GHz is presented in Fig. 4.
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Thomas Kurz, Ulrich Parlitz, and Ud
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erschienen im Universitätsverlag G
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Bibliographische Information der De
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iv Contents Laser speckle metrology
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Oscillations, Waves and Interaction
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Applied physics at the “Dritte”
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noise component [GNE] 5 4 3 2 1 can
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3.4 Transfer to running speech Spee
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3.4.2 Analysis of running speech Sp
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Speech research 33 Area [Pixels] 60
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Speech research 35 [13] D. Michaeli
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Specific signal types in hearing re
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74 D. Ronneberger et al. Mechel fou
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76 D. Ronneberger et al. (flow velo
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78 D. Ronneberger et al. |t + acous
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80 D. Ronneberger et al. Figure 6.
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82 D. Ronneberger et al. Figure 8.
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84 D. Ronneberger et al. (flow velo
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86 D. Ronneberger et al. R / L ⋅
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88 D. Ronneberger et al. e. g. temp
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90 D. Ronneberger et al. 3.2 Qualit
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92 D. Ronneberger et al. As usual t
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94 D. Ronneberger et al. (wavenumbe
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96 D. Ronneberger et al. powers of
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98 D. Ronneberger et al. an increas
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100 D. Ronneberger et al. The term
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102 D. Ronneberger et al. Neverthel
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104 D. Ronneberger et al. [4] J. Br
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106 D. Ronneberger et al. strömung
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108 D. Guicking synchronised tuning
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110 D. Guicking primary noise micro
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112 D. Guicking primary sensor desi
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114 D. Guicking by an antiphase sou
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116 D. Guicking R L C C + + 1 1−C
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118 D. Guicking More involved than
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120 D. Guicking In the 1980s, longi
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122 D. Guicking with electrodynamic
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124 D. Guicking 3.6 Noise reduction
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126 D. Guicking the turbulence of a
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128 D. Guicking References [1] Lord
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130 D. Guicking [44] Falcke, H.,
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132 D. Guicking [84] J. Melcher,
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134 D. Guicking [125] D. Heyland et
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136 D. Guicking [166] S. Zommer et
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138 D. Guicking [212] M. L. Post an
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140 W. Lauterborn et al. liquid κ
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142 W. Lauterborn et al. Figure 2.
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144 W. Lauterborn et al. nator, and
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146 W. Lauterborn et al. by types a
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148 W. Lauterborn et al. bubble rad
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154 W. Lauterborn et al. P koll [kb
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156 W. Lauterborn et al. Pulse widt
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158 W. Lauterborn et al. laser puls
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168 W. Lauterborn et al. R [µ m] 1
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170 W. Lauterborn et al. [17] M. P.
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172 R. Mettin (a) (b) Figure 1. Bub
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174 R. Mettin 0 ms 2 mm 1 ms 2 ms 3
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176 R. Mettin important quantity ch
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178 R. Mettin 100 kPa 200 kPa | | F
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180 R. Mettin Figure 7. Trapped sin
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182 R. Mettin concentration of spec
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184 R. Mettin which is called the p
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186 R. Mettin R 02 [µm] R 02 [µm]
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188 R. Mettin constant to M a = 2π
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190 R. Mettin (a) p a [Pa] 140 120
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192 R. Mettin z [mm] 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1
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194 R. Mettin Figure 17. Left: Expe
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196 R. Mettin - a hot microlaborato
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198 R. Mettin [52] R. Mettin, C.-D.
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200 W. Eisenmenger and U. Kaatze Th
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202 W. Eisenmenger and U. Kaatze Fi
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214 W. Eisenmenger and U. Kaatze 6
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216 W. Eisenmenger and U. Kaatze Pr
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218 A. Vogel, I. Apitz, V. Venugopa
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260 K. D. Hinsch Generally, any of
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262 K. D. Hinsch Figure 1. Monitori
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264 K. D. Hinsch Figure 3. ESPI stu
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266 K. D. Hinsch Figure 4. Deterior
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268 K. D. Hinsch Often, in-plane mo
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270 K. D. Hinsch Figure 7. Optical
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272 K. D. Hinsch Figure 9. Humidity
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274 K. D. Hinsch locations that tak
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276 K. D. Hinsch Figure 13. Map of
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278 K. D. Hinsch References [1] D.
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280 Schreiber not moving along with
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282 Schreiber These properties made
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284 Schreiber Figure 3. The G ring
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286 Schreiber Rotation Rate [rad/s]
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288 Schreiber and it is currently b
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290 Schreiber n1 D A B n Figure 8.
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292 Schreiber Beamwalk [µm] 80.0 7
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294 Schreiber ∆ Perimeter [*10e12
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296 Schreiber and the last term acc
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298 Schreiber Δf [µHz] 100 50 0 -
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300 Schreiber formation of a new wo
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302 Schreiber PSD [*10 16 (rad/s) 2
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304 Schreiber 7.2 The ring laser co
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306 Schreiber Demodulator Signal [V
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308 Schreiber Est. Phase Vel. (m/s)
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310 Schreiber [18] V. Frede and V.
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312 Martin Dressel tice is reduced
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314 Martin Dressel Metallic whisker
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316 Martin Dressel (a) (b) (c) CH 3
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318 Martin Dressel 3.1 Charge densi
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320 Martin Dressel Absorptivity σ
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422 U. Parlitz current state future
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424 U. Parlitz tion [69] of two uni
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426 U. Parlitz LD1 LD2 M BS1 BS2 OD
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428 U. Parlitz with a clear tendenc
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430 U. Parlitz (a) y (c) y 40 20 È
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432 U. Parlitz [29] P. Grassberger,
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434 U. Parlitz [76] H. D. I. Abarba
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436 S. Lakämper and C. F. Schmidt
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462 Index basin of attraction, 144
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464 Index cone bubble structure, 19
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466 Index turbulent, 111, 126 fluct
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468 Index LPC, 29 luminescence of b
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470 Index peak factor, 38, 43 Peier
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472 Index laser-induced bubble, 152
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474 Index ultraharmonic resonance,
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