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Oscillations, Waves, and Interactions - GWDG

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Large ring laser gyroscopes 309<br />

Acknowledgements. This project review could have had more than six co-authors easily.<br />

However that was impractical to coordinate in the available time. I have to take responsibility<br />

for the statements made <strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> the balancing of the items presented. Appropriate<br />

reference is given to earlier publications covering the various aspects of the ring laser<br />

project in more detail. The combined ring laser results were possible because of a collaboration<br />

of Forschungseinrichtung Satellitengeodäsie, Technische Universität München, Germany,<br />

University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Bundesamt für Kartographie<br />

und Geodäsie, Frankfurt, Germany <strong>and</strong> the Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität, München, Germany.<br />

The GEOsensor was funded under the program GEOTECHNOLOGIEN of BMBF<br />

<strong>and</strong> DFG, Grant 03F0325 A-D. University of Canterbury research grants, contracts of the<br />

Marsden Fund of the Royal Society of New Zeal<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> also grants from the Deutsche<br />

Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) are gratefully acknowledged. Special thanks go to my colleagues<br />

Heiner Igel, Geoffrey Stedman, Robert Hurst, Jon-Paul Wells, Clive Rowe, Robert<br />

Thirkettle, Thomas Klügel, Alex<strong>and</strong>er Velikoseltsev, Manfred Schneider, Benedikt Pritsch,<br />

Wolfgang Schlüter <strong>and</strong> Robert Dunn for their contributions.<br />

References<br />

[1] G. Sagnac, Comptes Rendus, Acac. Sci. (Paris) 157, 708 (1913).<br />

[2] B. Höling, Ein Lasergyroskop zur Messung der Erdrotation, Dissertation, Universität<br />

Tübingen (1990).<br />

[3] P. Milonni <strong>and</strong> J. Eberly, Lasers (Wiley & Sons, New York, 1988), pp. 589.<br />

[4] G. E. Stedman, ‘Ring-laser tests of fundamental physics <strong>and</strong> geophysics’, Rep. Prog.<br />

Phys. 60, 615 (1997).<br />

[5] A. A. Michelson <strong>and</strong> H. G. Gale, ‘The Effect of the Earth’s Rotation on the Velocity of<br />

Light’, Astrophys. J. 61, 140 – 145 (1925).<br />

[6] D. Loukianov, R. Rodloff, H. Sorg, <strong>and</strong> B. Stieler (Eds.), RTO AGARDograph 339,<br />

Optical Gyros <strong>and</strong> their Application (NATO RTO, 1999), ISBN 92-837-1014-2.<br />

[7] K. U. Schreiber, Ringlasertechnologie für geowissenschaftliche Anwendungen, Habilitationsschrift,<br />

Mitteilungen d. Bundesamtes f. Kartographie und Geodäsie, Bd. 8 (1999).<br />

[8] H. Bilger, G. E. Stedman, Z. Li, K. U. Schreiber, <strong>and</strong> M. Schneider, ‘Ring Lasers for<br />

Geodesy’, IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. 44, 468 (1995).<br />

[9] F. Aronowitz, ‘The laser gyro’, in Laser applications, Vol. 1, edited by M. Ross (Academic<br />

Press, New York, 1971), pp. 133 – 200.<br />

[10] F. Aronowitz, ‘Fundamentals of the Ring Laser Gyro’, in RTO AGARDograph 339,<br />

Optical Gyros <strong>and</strong> their Application, edited by D. Loukianov, R. Rodloff, H. Sorg, <strong>and</strong><br />

B. Stieler (NATO RTO, 1999).<br />

[11] J. R. Wilkinson, ‘Ring Lasers’, Prog. Quant. Electr. 11, 1 (1987).<br />

[12] A. Velikoseltsev, The development of a sensor model for Large Ring Lasers <strong>and</strong> their<br />

application in seismic studies, Dissertation, Technische Universität München (2005).<br />

[13] U. E. Hochuli, P. Haldemann, H. A. Li, ‘Factors influencing the relative frequency stability<br />

of He-Ne laser structures’, Rev. Sci. Instr. 45, 1378 (1974).<br />

[14] W. E. Ahearn <strong>and</strong> R. E. Horstmann, ‘Nondestructive Analysis for HeNe Lasers’, IBM<br />

J. Res. Develop. 23, 128 (1979).<br />

[15] W. W. Chow, J. Gea-Banacloche, L. M. Pedrotti, V. E. S<strong>and</strong>ers, W. Schleich, <strong>and</strong> M. O.<br />

Scully, ‘The ring laser gyro’, Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 61 (1985).<br />

[16] J. T. Verdeyen, Laser Electronics, 3rd ed. (Prentice Hall, London, 2000).<br />

[17] P. McClure, Diurnal polar motion, GSFC Rep. X-529-73-259, (Goddard Space Flight<br />

Center, Greenbelt, Md., 1973).

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