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a diversity of personalities maintained

by natural selection.”

Another example of the trade-off theory

of evolution is a species known as

Trinidadian guppies. These guppies develop

personalities—with astonishing

speed, in evolutionary terms—to suit

the microclimates in which they live.

Their natural predators are pike. But

some guppy neighborhoods, upstream

of a waterfall for example, are pikefree.

If you’re a guppy who grew up in

such a charmed locale, then chances

are you have a bold and carefree personality

well suited to la dolce vita. In

contrast, if your guppy family came

from a “bad neighborhood” downstream

from the waterfall, where pike

cruise the waterways menacingly, then

you probably have a much more circumspect

style, just right for avoiding

the bad guys.

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