quiet-the-power-of-introverts-in-a-world-that-cant-stop-talking-susan-cain
Schwartz’s research suggestssomething important: we can stretchour personalities, but only up to apoint. Our inborn temperaments influenceus, regardless of the lives we lead.A sizable part of who we are is ordainedby our genes, by our brains, byour nervous systems. And yet the elasticitythat Schwartz found in some of thehigh-reactive teens also suggests theconverse: we have free will and can useit to shape our personalities.These seem like contradictory principles,but they are not. Free will cantake us far, suggests Dr. Schwartz’s research,but it cannot carry us infinitelybeyond our genetic limits. Bill Gates isnever going to be Bill Clinton, no matterhow he polishes his social skills, andBill Clinton can never be Bill Gates, nomatter how much time he spends alonewith a computer.342/929
We might call this the “rubber bandtheory” of personality. We are like rubberbands at rest. We are elastic andcan stretch ourselves, but only so much.343/929To understand why this might be so forhigh-reactives, it helps to look at whathappens in the brain when we greet astranger at a cocktail party. Rememberthat the amygdala, and the limbic systemof which it’s a key part, is an ancientpart of the brain—so old thatprimitive mammals have their own versionsof this system. But as mammalsbecame more complex, an area of thebrain called the neocortex developedaround the limbic system. The neocortex,and particularly the frontal cortexin humans, performs an astonishing
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Schwartz’s research suggests
something important: we can stretch
our personalities, but only up to a
point. Our inborn temperaments influence
us, regardless of the lives we lead.
A sizable part of who we are is ordained
by our genes, by our brains, by
our nervous systems. And yet the elasticity
that Schwartz found in some of the
high-reactive teens also suggests the
converse: we have free will and can use
it to shape our personalities.
These seem like contradictory principles,
but they are not. Free will can
take us far, suggests Dr. Schwartz’s research,
but it cannot carry us infinitely
beyond our genetic limits. Bill Gates is
never going to be Bill Clinton, no matter
how he polishes his social skills, and
Bill Clinton can never be Bill Gates, no
matter how much time he spends alone
with a computer.
342/929