quiet-the-power-of-introverts-in-a-world-that-cant-stop-talking-susan-cain

17.03.2023 Views

and Oprahs of this world. But givethose same children negligent caregiversor a bad neighborhood, say somepsychologists, and they can turn intobullies, juvenile delinquents, or criminals.Lykken has controversially calledpsychopaths and heroes “twigs on thesame genetic branch.”Consider the mechanism by whichkids acquire their sense of right andwrong. Many psychologists believe thatchildren develop a conscience whenthey do something inappropriate andare rebuked by their caregivers. Disapprovalmakes them feel anxious, andsince anxiety is unpleasant, they learnto steer clear of antisocial behavior.This is known as internalizing their parents’standards of conduct, and its coreis anxiety.But what if some kids are less proneto anxiety than others, as is true of322/929

extremely low-reactive kids? Often thebest way to teach these children valuesis to give them positive role models andto channel their fearlessness into productiveactivities. A low-reactive childon an ice-hockey team enjoys his peers’esteem when he charges at his opponentswith a lowered shoulder, which isa “legal” move. But if he goes too far,raises his elbow, and gives another guya concussion, he lands in the penaltybox. Over time he learns to use his appetitefor risk and assertiveness wisely.Now imagine this same child growingup in a dangerous neighborhood withfew organized sports or other constructivechannels for his boldness. You cansee how he might fall into delinquency.It may be that some disadvantaged kidswho get into trouble suffer not solelyfrom poverty or neglect, say those whohold this view, but also from the323/929

extremely low-reactive kids? Often the

best way to teach these children values

is to give them positive role models and

to channel their fearlessness into productive

activities. A low-reactive child

on an ice-hockey team enjoys his peers’

esteem when he charges at his opponents

with a lowered shoulder, which is

a “legal” move. But if he goes too far,

raises his elbow, and gives another guy

a concussion, he lands in the penalty

box. Over time he learns to use his appetite

for risk and assertiveness wisely.

Now imagine this same child growing

up in a dangerous neighborhood with

few organized sports or other constructive

channels for his boldness. You can

see how he might fall into delinquency.

It may be that some disadvantaged kids

who get into trouble suffer not solely

from poverty or neglect, say those who

hold this view, but also from the

323/929

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