quiet-the-power-of-introverts-in-a-world-that-cant-stop-talking-susan-cain
and Oprahs of this world. But givethose same children negligent caregiversor a bad neighborhood, say somepsychologists, and they can turn intobullies, juvenile delinquents, or criminals.Lykken has controversially calledpsychopaths and heroes “twigs on thesame genetic branch.”Consider the mechanism by whichkids acquire their sense of right andwrong. Many psychologists believe thatchildren develop a conscience whenthey do something inappropriate andare rebuked by their caregivers. Disapprovalmakes them feel anxious, andsince anxiety is unpleasant, they learnto steer clear of antisocial behavior.This is known as internalizing their parents’standards of conduct, and its coreis anxiety.But what if some kids are less proneto anxiety than others, as is true of322/929
extremely low-reactive kids? Often thebest way to teach these children valuesis to give them positive role models andto channel their fearlessness into productiveactivities. A low-reactive childon an ice-hockey team enjoys his peers’esteem when he charges at his opponentswith a lowered shoulder, which isa “legal” move. But if he goes too far,raises his elbow, and gives another guya concussion, he lands in the penaltybox. Over time he learns to use his appetitefor risk and assertiveness wisely.Now imagine this same child growingup in a dangerous neighborhood withfew organized sports or other constructivechannels for his boldness. You cansee how he might fall into delinquency.It may be that some disadvantaged kidswho get into trouble suffer not solelyfrom poverty or neglect, say those whohold this view, but also from the323/929
- Page 271 and 272: conform. What was going on in themi
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- Page 275 and 276: that they had arrived serendipitous
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- Page 279 and 280: hours—not the eight, ten, or four
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- Page 283 and 284: PartTWOYOUR BIOLOGY, YOUR SELF?
- Page 285 and 286: dries up and I can’t get any word
- Page 287 and 288: seminar for his entire executive te
- Page 289 and 290: my anxiety, but over the years I’
- Page 291 and 292: For one of those studies, launched
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- Page 295 and 296: be a scientist. “Like … other f
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- Page 305 and 306: thin body and narrow face. Such con
- Page 307 and 308: share only 50 percent of their gene
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- Page 311 and 312: Kagan ushers me inside his office i
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- Page 315 and 316: high-reactive nervous system. One t
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- Page 319 and 320: like asking whether a blizzard is c
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- Page 325 and 326: According to Jay Belsky, a leadingp
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- Page 329 and 330: Stephen Suomi, the scientist whocon
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- Page 333 and 334: Most people would appreciate thefle
- Page 335 and 336: Developmental Neuroimaging and Psyc
- Page 337 and 338: We gaze reverently at the fMRI scan
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- Page 343 and 344: We might call this the “rubber ba
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- Page 349 and 350: makes people describe her as a “f
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- Page 355 and 356: To solve Esther’s problem, let’
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- Page 361 and 362: also underperformed—taking an ave
- Page 363 and 364: state lasts only until your friend
- Page 365 and 366: alert, active, and energetic). Drow
- Page 367 and 368: Esther managed to solve her problem
- Page 369 and 370: I expected. There was a fashion des
- Page 371 and 372: turn to offer feedback. Did Lateesh
and Oprahs of this world. But give
those same children negligent caregivers
or a bad neighborhood, say some
psychologists, and they can turn into
bullies, juvenile delinquents, or criminals.
Lykken has controversially called
psychopaths and heroes “twigs on the
same genetic branch.”
Consider the mechanism by which
kids acquire their sense of right and
wrong. Many psychologists believe that
children develop a conscience when
they do something inappropriate and
are rebuked by their caregivers. Disapproval
makes them feel anxious, and
since anxiety is unpleasant, they learn
to steer clear of antisocial behavior.
This is known as internalizing their parents’
standards of conduct, and its core
is anxiety.
But what if some kids are less prone
to anxiety than others, as is true of
322/929