quiet-the-power-of-introverts-in-a-world-that-cant-stop-talking-susan-cain
meaning the fear of looking stupid infront of one’s peers.Osborn’s “rules” of brainstormingwere meant to neutralize this anxiety,but studies show that the fear of publichumiliation is a potent force. Duringthe 1988–89 basketball season, for example,two NCAA basketball teamsplayed eleven games without any spectators,owing to a measles outbreakthat led their schools to quarantine allstudents. Both teams played much better(higher free-throw percentages, forexample) without any fans, evenadoring home-team fans, to unnervethem.The behavioral economist Dan Arielynoticed a similar phenomenon when heconducted a study asking thirty-nineparticipants to solve anagram puzzles,either alone at their desks or with otherswatching. Ariely predicted that the268/929
participants would do better in publicbecause they’d be more motivated. Butthey performed worse. An audiencemay be rousing, but it’s also stressful.The problem with evaluation apprehensionis that there’s not much we cando about it. You’d think you couldovercome it with will or training or aset of group process rules like Alex Osborn’s.But recent research in neurosciencesuggests that the fear of judgmentruns much deeper and has morefar-reaching implications than we everimagined.Between 1951 and 1956, just as Osbornwas promoting the power of groupbrainstorming, a psychologist namedSolomon Asch conducted a series ofnow-famous experiments on thedangers of group influence. Aschgathered student volunteers into groupsand had them take a vision test. He269/929
- Page 217 and 218: Homebrew crowd, computers are a too
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- Page 223 and 224: interpersonally skilled but “not
- Page 225 and 226: independently. We’d want to give
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- Page 229 and 230: & Young, GlaxoSmithKline, Alcoa, an
- Page 231 and 232: According to a 2002 nationwide surv
- Page 233 and 234: Williams also identifies leadership
- Page 235 and 236: The New Groupthink did not arise at
- Page 237 and 238: CFO of the social marketing firm Mr
- Page 239 and 240: year, and asked them to devise a ne
- Page 241 and 242: They found a striking differenceamo
- Page 243 and 244: knowledge that are just out of your
- Page 245 and 246: people’s lives and were “among
- Page 247 and 248: No one would choose this sort ofpai
- Page 249 and 250: And in contemporary workplaces, the
- Page 251 and 252: correlation to outcome. Programmers
- Page 253 and 254: about coworkers eavesdropping onthe
- Page 255 and 256: environment that people would hatet
- Page 257 and 258: Thursdays,” one day a week in whi
- Page 259 and 260: If personal space is vital to creat
- Page 261 and 262: 261/9291. Don’t judge or criticiz
- Page 263 and 264: Manufacturing (otherwise known as3M
- Page 265 and 266: increases: groups of nine generate
- Page 267: group performed much better than it
- Page 271 and 272: conform. What was going on in themi
- Page 273 and 274: decision-making. But when they went
- Page 275 and 276: that they had arrived serendipitous
- Page 277 and 278: population density is correlated wi
- Page 279 and 280: hours—not the eight, ten, or four
- Page 281 and 282: many casual, chance encounters as p
- Page 283 and 284: PartTWOYOUR BIOLOGY, YOUR SELF?
- Page 285 and 286: dries up and I can’t get any word
- Page 287 and 288: seminar for his entire executive te
- Page 289 and 290: my anxiety, but over the years I’
- Page 291 and 292: For one of those studies, launched
- Page 293 and 294: robot. At seven, they were asked to
- Page 295 and 296: be a scientist. “Like … other f
- Page 297 and 298: temperature, and other properties o
- Page 299 and 300: introverts—just the opposite—bu
- Page 301 and 302: limbs (or staying calm) in response
- Page 303 and 304: castles—he’ll often concentrate
- Page 305 and 306: thin body and narrow face. Such con
- Page 307 and 308: share only 50 percent of their gene
- Page 309 and 310: day in a foreign city, but I love t
- Page 311 and 312: Kagan ushers me inside his office i
- Page 313 and 314: family goes to the beach every week
- Page 315 and 316: high-reactive nervous system. One t
- Page 317 and 318: Kagan tells me about the time hewat
participants would do better in public
because they’d be more motivated. But
they performed worse. An audience
may be rousing, but it’s also stressful.
The problem with evaluation apprehension
is that there’s not much we can
do about it. You’d think you could
overcome it with will or training or a
set of group process rules like Alex Osborn’s.
But recent research in neuroscience
suggests that the fear of judgment
runs much deeper and has more
far-reaching implications than we ever
imagined.
Between 1951 and 1956, just as Osborn
was promoting the power of group
brainstorming, a psychologist named
Solomon Asch conducted a series of
now-famous experiments on the
dangers of group influence. Asch
gathered student volunteers into groups
and had them take a vision test. He
269/929