quiet-the-power-of-introverts-in-a-world-that-cant-stop-talking-susan-cain

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meaning the fear of looking stupid infront of one’s peers.Osborn’s “rules” of brainstormingwere meant to neutralize this anxiety,but studies show that the fear of publichumiliation is a potent force. Duringthe 1988–89 basketball season, for example,two NCAA basketball teamsplayed eleven games without any spectators,owing to a measles outbreakthat led their schools to quarantine allstudents. Both teams played much better(higher free-throw percentages, forexample) without any fans, evenadoring home-team fans, to unnervethem.The behavioral economist Dan Arielynoticed a similar phenomenon when heconducted a study asking thirty-nineparticipants to solve anagram puzzles,either alone at their desks or with otherswatching. Ariely predicted that the268/929
participants would do better in publicbecause they’d be more motivated. Butthey performed worse. An audiencemay be rousing, but it’s also stressful.The problem with evaluation apprehensionis that there’s not much we cando about it. You’d think you couldovercome it with will or training or aset of group process rules like Alex Osborn’s.But recent research in neurosciencesuggests that the fear of judgmentruns much deeper and has morefar-reaching implications than we everimagined.Between 1951 and 1956, just as Osbornwas promoting the power of groupbrainstorming, a psychologist namedSolomon Asch conducted a series ofnow-famous experiments on thedangers of group influence. Aschgathered student volunteers into groupsand had them take a vision test. He269/929
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MORE ADVANCE NOISE FOR QUIET“An i
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“Susan Cain’s quest to understa
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STILL MORE ADVANCE NOISE FORQUIET6/
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looks like to think outside thegrou
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Copyright © 2012 by Susan CainAll
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To my childhood family
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presupposes that energy needed in o
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17/9292. THE MYTH OF CHARISMATICLEA
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19/92911. ON COBBLERS AND GENERALS:
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For similar reasons, I did not use
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INTRODUCTIONThe North and South ofT
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squeeze inside the church until its
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27/929Our lives are shaped as profo
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pairings—masculinity and feminini
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stock of their true natures. You ha
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example, are rated as smarter, bett
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35/929The Cat in the HatCharlie Bro
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off each school day by performingda
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with me. I wish I could find that l
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she was in the real world, she wasn
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Everyone waited for Laura to reply,
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At first her questions were tentati
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so nice and so tough at the same ti
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extroverts need to recharge when th
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introvert would rather spend her va
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conversation. They tend to dislike
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from the socializing that causes th
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57/9292. _______ I often prefer to
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59/92920. _______ In classroom situ
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actually a technical term in psycho
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illuminating insights that are chan
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65/929George Orwell, Theodor Geisel
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1THE RISE OF THE “MIGHTYLIKEABLE
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mesmerize an audience. This particu
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out on the road with few possession
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twentieth century, changing forever
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mass immigration blew the populatio
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featured case studies of historical
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on the street can’t know that we
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better than a matinee idol to model
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showed a crestfallen young woman,ho
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possession and a power that didn’
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But nowhere was the need to appears
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magazine, “if you have a big, hus
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parents and teachers conspired to o
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the one who’s had an 80 or 85 ave
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The rest of the organization menwou
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personality traits are genetically
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The victor of that campaign? Thefig
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new demands of self-presentation.Wh
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senior manager at Eastman Kodak tol
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“I wasn’t that bad, was I?”
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learn to stage-manage our voices, g
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2THE MYTH OF CHARISMATICLEADERSHIPT
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learning how to be more energetic,
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PowerBars, bananas, and corn chips.
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and impossibly defined cheekbones.E
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off his expressive face, they cry o
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“Did you hesitate or go straight
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hands. When we’re finished, the q
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love knowledge for its own sake, no
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Ba-da-da-da, YES! Dum-dum-dum-DUM,
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His intellect is impressive, too.Th
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so on. He is motivated by love, he
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I can’t help but wonder why none
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salesmanship as a way of sharing on
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TVs silently broadcasting campus ne
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Capital of Extroversion.” But it
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to shake Wall Street, Main Street,
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teams). He spends the rest of the m
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students’ grade, and a much large
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students. When students fail to spe
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rowdy evening? Students at HBS go o
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judges HBS by how well it prepares
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151/929“creative,” she answered
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Yet even at Harvard Business School
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salvaged items. But his group didn
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But Mills also pointed to the commo
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powerful as a meeting goes on. It a
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somebody says, ‘I’m bored. Why
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president of Rite-Solutions, and Ji
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have in common was something theydi
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charisma but for extreme humilityco
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he wanted to avoid simplistic answe
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introverted people, as well as one
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results. And personal opinions are
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T-shirts as possible in ten minutes
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which motivated them to work harder
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other hand, “may wish to adopt a
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quietly. “Get off my bus,” Blak
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to ‘reenter that forbidden zone b
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their encounter in her newspapercol
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do it, he said. “Who am I, that I
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If Parks spoke through her actions,
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jobs, dates, and even kidney donors
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‘it’s about people’ mantra we
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Might they have reached the rightre
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clumps. Children frolic in man-made
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man in bright red polo shirt and sn
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and began to feel guilty about all
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Presbyterian minister and worked wi
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means listening as well as talking,
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rock concert venue, save for the un
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nothing, and he’s done good works
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Yet McHugh finds practices like the
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virtue. Righteous behavior is not s
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French. They call themselves theHom
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Page 221 and 222: 221/929work best alone where they c
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Page 225 and 226: independently. We’d want to give
Page 227 and 228: province of a single mind actually
Page 229 and 230: & Young, GlaxoSmithKline, Alcoa, an
Page 231 and 232: According to a 2002 nationwide surv
Page 233 and 234: Williams also identifies leadership
Page 235 and 236: The New Groupthink did not arise at
Page 237 and 238: CFO of the social marketing firm Mr
Page 239 and 240: year, and asked them to devise a ne
Page 241 and 242: They found a striking differenceamo
Page 243 and 244: knowledge that are just out of your
Page 245 and 246: people’s lives and were “among
Page 247 and 248: No one would choose this sort ofpai
Page 249 and 250: And in contemporary workplaces, the
Page 251 and 252: correlation to outcome. Programmers
Page 253 and 254: about coworkers eavesdropping onthe
Page 255 and 256: environment that people would hatet
Page 257 and 258: Thursdays,” one day a week in whi
Page 259 and 260: If personal space is vital to creat
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Page 263 and 264: Manufacturing (otherwise known as3M
Page 265 and 266: increases: groups of nine generate
Page 267: group performed much better than it
Page 271 and 272: conform. What was going on in themi
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Page 275 and 276: that they had arrived serendipitous
Page 277 and 278: population density is correlated wi
Page 279 and 280: hours—not the eight, ten, or four
Page 281 and 282: many casual, chance encounters as p
Page 283 and 284: PartTWOYOUR BIOLOGY, YOUR SELF?
Page 285 and 286: dries up and I can’t get any word
Page 287 and 288: seminar for his entire executive te
Page 289 and 290: my anxiety, but over the years I’
Page 291 and 292: For one of those studies, launched
Page 293 and 294: robot. At seven, they were asked to
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Page 297 and 298: temperature, and other properties o
Page 299 and 300: introverts—just the opposite—bu
Page 301 and 302: limbs (or staying calm) in response
Page 303 and 304: castles—he’ll often concentrate
Page 305 and 306: thin body and narrow face. Such con
Page 307 and 308: share only 50 percent of their gene
Page 309 and 310: day in a foreign city, but I love t
Page 311 and 312: Kagan ushers me inside his office i
Page 313 and 314: family goes to the beach every week
Page 315 and 316: high-reactive nervous system. One t
Page 317 and 318: Kagan tells me about the time hewat
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like asking whether a blizzard is c
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“The university is filled with in
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extremely low-reactive kids? Often
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According to Jay Belsky, a leadingp
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it’s becoming the leader of their
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Stephen Suomi, the scientist whocon
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focuses on problems and pathology.
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Most people would appreciate thefle
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Developmental Neuroimaging and Psyc
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We gaze reverently at the fMRI scan
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doing all these early observations
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strangers and feel “Geez! Who are
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We might call this the “rubber ba
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conditioned a rat to associate a ce
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knows it. When she arrives at a par
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makes people describe her as a “f
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intimate backyard talks with her mo
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part was when she got to close the
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To solve Esther’s problem, let’
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they’re constricted, so the brain
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personality psychologist David Fund
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also underperformed—taking an ave
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state lasts only until your friend
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alert, active, and energetic). Drow
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Esther managed to solve her problem
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I expected. There was a fashion des
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turn to offer feedback. Did Lateesh
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You seem so outgoing, they added.Yo
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subjects that don’t interest them
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the sixteenth president rising up b
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chosen her for just this reason; in
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At the same time, many told Eleanor
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In the meantime, Eleanor found hers
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When I hear that Aron will be theke
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registration forms and name badges,
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blue eyes that look as if they don
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there only when she withdrew from t
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attribute about fifteen motivations
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intuitive (just as Aron’s husband
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games or reading unfamiliar words.A
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was distracting. But Aron had a gre
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In 1921, FDR contracted polio. It w
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from her trips, she often told him
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was Eleanor who made sure he knewho
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apparently breaking the toy gives t
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and of another eight-year-old who c
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some evidence that sociopaths haved
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they camouflage signs of a nervous
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supercool pulse rate during liftoff
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intentionally,” Dijk speculates,
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In other words, you want to makesur
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[other type] is to be first, withou
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while the other 80 percent are “f
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by those farther up the food chain
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The interesting thing is that these
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traumatic injuries. Extroverts enjo
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Roosevelts as surely as grazing her
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female tit birds—it might seem th
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suitcase through a midnight airport
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tirelessly promote the movie. He vi
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The atmosphere is startling simplyb
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beginning of conversations but at t
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putting myself to sleep. I wonder i
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guns strapped to their chests until
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7WHY DID WALL STREET CRASH ANDWARRE
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“Hi, Janice!” said the caller t
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same thing happened: the bailout st
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But sometimes we’re too sensitive
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after the deal was struck, a headli
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high reactivity and introversion. N
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reward-seeking cravings of the oldb
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potential goodies; fMRI experiments
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medial orbitofrontal cortex, a key
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professor Richard Howard told me,po
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make group decisions, extroverts wo
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the choice of a small reward immedi
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failure of many banks during the Gr
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promotion. They lost their hold on
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stripped him of his power to review
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How did Janice Dorn’s client, Ala
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button and find they’ve lost a po
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and focused on a goal, their vigila
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of critical thinking widely used by
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imagining things, recalling events
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personality traits of effective cal
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we need to find a balance between a
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And when it comes time to invest, o
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avoiding others that seem to causep
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495/9295. I have very few fears com
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extrovert, many of the flow experie
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you care about, you probably find t
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inappropriate risks, like the forme
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wrote in a letter to investors. Kla
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off handsomely if dramatic but unex
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confident group lost half their cli
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newspaper moguls, Hollywood celebri
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charmingly self-deprecating story
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will never be finished. That’s on
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8SOFT POWERAsian-Americans and the
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computer programming, and my job is
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Dream. Many first- and second-gener
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The library is to Cupertino what th
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distributed a few extra degrees tow
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would be like, ‘She’s so studio
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professors were so patient, just li
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change their ways, colleges can lea
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minority”—even when meant as a
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the “cheerful,” “enthusiastic
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535/929—KAMO NO CHOMEI, 12th Cent
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desires to the group’s interests,
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centers in the American brains, whi
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It’s because of relationship hono
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may have thought. So if, deep down,
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nodded at the athletes, all of whom
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was supposed to encourage students
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on a weekday afternoon, cocky Asian
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personalities are more genuine,”
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cultural style for getting ahead: t
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Cupertino, Ni conducts daylong semi
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Ni asked for volunteers and brought
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Asians use only a narrow set of mus
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Aggressive power beats you up; soft
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man. As a child, he was afraid ofev
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abstain from meat, so he saw no dan
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they would surely have retaliated,
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resistance,” which he associated
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The TIMSS exam (Trends in Internati
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the final grade, many students leav
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girl. When we first met, Tiffany wa
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have conviction if you’re quiet a
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9WHEN SHOULD YOU ACT MOREEXTROVERTE
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and e-mailing friends long notes he
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they’re relatively stable across
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psychologists acknowledge that we c
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fine-tune their own personalities t
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For years Little returned to lectur
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highly. Free Trait Theory explains
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effort required to stretch his natu
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when he decided that other kids wer
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you’ll see his self-taught bellic
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each teaching session. They also ra
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One of the most effective self-moni
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come naturally to him. Indeed, theh
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• Do you put on a show to impress
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high self-monitors can come across
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campus to celebrate. The subject of
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body arrange themselves when you’
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presentations. Although she felt de
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I, too, was once in this position.
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fireman, what did a fireman mean to
Page 619 and 620:
classmates who’d grown up to bewr
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secretary under President Clinton,
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Sometimes people find restorativeni
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exchange for being ourselves the re
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But the person with whom you canbes
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Professor Little knows all too well
Page 631 and 632:
Double pneumonia and an overschedul
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to see the world in a more negative
Page 635 and 636:
great excitement and mutual admirat
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“do all the work of making conver
Page 639 and 640:
school was tougher for her than for
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pro-social. But as we’ve seen, ne
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than the introverts, and this was i
Page 645 and 646:
Greg feels hurt that she makes an e
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a career change. “I think we’d
Page 649 and 650:
wanted to deliver her newscompassio
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disagree, her voice gets quiet and
Page 653 and 654:
Do they also like each other a litt
Page 655 and 656:
“Very nice, keep up the good work
Page 657 and 658:
manager, while 71 percent accepted
Page 659 and 660:
wrong. The cobra vows to stop immed
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have repair work to do with their p
Page 663 and 664:
horrible, on some level she process
Page 665 and 666:
study felt warmly toward their fell
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try to tap into my empathy,” he s
Page 669 and 670:
the shoes of their conversational p
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does. It requires a kind of mental
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socially. It doesn’t show us how
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increased territory sales 500 perce
Page 677 and 678:
commonality with the other person:Y
Page 679 and 680:
to the point where I could walk int
Page 681 and 682:
a way to break their stalemate. Ins
Page 683 and 684:
11ON COBBLERS AND GENERALSHow to Cu
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separate occasions. Each time, the
Page 687 and 688:
always reading,” says Dr. Miller
Page 689 and 690:
Take the case of Joyce and her seve
Page 691 and 692:
understand why her sweet, lovingdau
Page 693 and 694:
Isabel wants to hang out alone in h
Page 695 and 696:
Why would you want to do that?thoug
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child fit if she’d been an introv
Page 699 and 700:
But even parents who still have wor
Page 701 and 702:
same time he didn’t want her to g
Page 703 and 704:
new people, but also to new places
Page 705 and 706:
the safety of the dunes, and neithe
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Above all, do not shame her for her
Page 709 and 710:
principals and guidance counselors,
Page 711 and 712:
It’s a Tuesday morning in October
Page 713 and 714:
But not all of them. When you seeth
Page 715 and 716:
She opens her mouth to speak, butlo
Page 717 and 718:
calm atmosphere where she could wor
Page 719 and 720:
lunch in the cacophonous din of the
Page 721 and 722:
school memory is of being made tost
Page 723 and 724:
believe that negative public speaki
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movement, stimulation, collaborativ
Page 727 and 728:
her group had been smaller andsomeo
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what these kids are like oncethey
Page 731 and 732:
help your introverted child thrive.
Page 733 and 734:
words what it’s like to say “I
Page 735 and 736:
development experts tell us, but be
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day she made the team after partici
Page 739 and 740:
fashion and celebrity. Those kids a
Page 741 and 742:
nerves were so mild that they simpl
Page 743 and 744:
the story of David Weiss, a drummer
Page 745 and 746:
stuff. And I know exactly how: I st
Page 747 and 748:
it and enjoyed himself. His father
Page 749 and 750:
one of the great insights of Wester
Page 751 and 752:
for those who might fall into the f
Page 753 and 754:
Run. Write a story. Make a deal wit
Page 755 and 756:
you want the wisdom of the crowd,ga
Page 757 and 758:
Lewis Carroll was an introvert, too
Page 759 and 760:
But what he loved to do best wasrea
Page 761 and 762:
suitcase (though I felt guilty abou
Page 763 and 764:
A Note on the Words Introvert andEx
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categories quite separate from intr
Page 767 and 768:
experience (“thinker, dreamer”)
Page 769 and 770:
his preferred type, “intelligent
Page 771 and 772:
At Crown Publishers, it has been my
Page 773 and 774:
an interview. He gave me not only t
Page 775 and 776:
to talk, let alone visit, during th
Page 777 and 778:
Janice Dorn, Anders Ericsson, Jason
Page 779 and 780:
Special thanks and love to Al andBo
Page 781 and 782:
781/929personality did not prevent
Page 783 and 784:
783/929Mood, and Cardiovascular Fun
Page 785 and 786:
785/929a brochure published by the
Page 787 and 788:
787/929speech can be perceived as h
Page 789 and 790:
789/92926. Charlie Brown: David Mic
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791/92935. introvert is not a synon
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793/929to Communicate, Communicatio
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795/929Personality and the School:
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797/929American Medicine Meets the
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799/92918. “EATON’S HIGHLAND LI
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801/929as a founding figure of pers
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803/929Admission and Exclusion at H
Page 805 and 806:
tongued Chautauqua speaker turned D
Page 807 and 808:
807/929lamb; this was “the world
Page 809 and 810:
809/92950. “Social anxiety disord
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811/92953. a staple of airport book
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813/929published June 12, 2003, upd
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815/929outdoor/depart-from-your-inh
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817/92918. college students were as
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819/929Don’t (New York: HarperCol
Page 821 and 822:
821/929excellent biography, Rosa Pa
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823/929http://mashable.com/2008/08/
Page 825 and 826:
825/92937. “cry from the heart wo
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4. One of the most interesting find
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829/929Creative Collaboration (New
Page 831 and 832:
Gamble, Ernst & Young, GlaxoSmithKl
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19. According to a 2002 nationwide
Page 835 and 836:
835/929Distribution in a Group of I
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837/92932. “intense curiosity or
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839/92938. people learn better afte
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841/92948. some forty years of rese
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843/929Gregory Berns, Iconoclast: A
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845/929CHAPTER 4: IS TEMPERAMENT DE
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847/929Impulsivity and Reading Abil
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849/92916. Nazi eugenics and white
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851/92924. in a group of people, on
Page 853 and 854:
853/929and Social Psychology 97, no
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855/92933. Indeed, about a quarter
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857/92938. thought to be associated
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859/92945. “The time and effort t
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861/92916, 2010. Also note that int
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863/92916. Drowsy extroverts behind
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865/929Penguin, 1992), esp. 125-236
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867/929Emotion Processing and Atten
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869/929how radically, and fruitfull
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871/929Disruptive Developmental Tra
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873/929Deformations Within the Amyg
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875/929Psychotherapy and the Highly
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877/92942. As Jung speculated almos
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879/929CHAPTER 7: WHY DID WALL STRE
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881/929areas that have something to
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883/929Makes You the Way You Are. S
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885/929“How Emotions Facilitate a
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887/929Polymorphism at the Serotoni
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889/929Barrionuevo, “Vincent Kami
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on the dopamine-driven reward syste
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893/929Type Indicator (Palo Alto, C
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895/929Personality Traits (Cambridg
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897/92951. all introverts are const
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899/929features predict happiness m
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901/9292. article called “The New
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903/92911. Another study asked Asia
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905/929Time,” Child Development 7
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907/929National Center for Educatio
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Personality Dispositions,” Annual
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may fluctuate over time, but you pr
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913/929Psychology,” Psychological
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915/929Selves and Well Beings,” i
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917/929Stability” measures freedo
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919/929Argumentative Discussions,
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921/929Nonverbal Decoding,” Journ
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923/929(Cambridge, MA: HarvardUnive
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925/929Neuroscientist Reveals How t
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927/929Meaning: On Doing Well and B
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