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THE GOD HYPOTHESIS 39

although it has been argued that the greatest of them might have

been atheists. Certainly their writings on religion in their own time

leave me in no doubt that most of them would have been atheists

in ours. But whatever their individual religious views in their own

time, the one thing they collectively were is secularists, and this is

the topic to which I turn in this section, beginning with a - perhaps

surprising - quotation from Senator Barry Goldwater in 1981,

clearly showing how staunchly that presidential candidate and hero

of American conservatism upheld the secular tradition of the

Republic's foundation:

There is no position on which people are so immovable as

their religious beliefs. There is no more powerful ally one

can claim in a debate than Jesus Christ, or God, or Allah,

or whatever one calls this supreme being. But like any

powerful weapon, the use of God's name on one's behalf

should be used sparingly. The religious factions that are

growing throughout our land are not using their religious

clout with wisdom. They are trying to force government

leaders into following their position 100 percent. If you

disagree with these religious groups on a particular moral

issue, they complain, they threaten you with a loss of

money or votes or both. I'm frankly sick and tired of the

political preachers across this country telling me as a

citizen that if I want to be a moral person, I must believe

in A, B, C, and D. Just who do they think they are? And

from where do they presume to claim the right to dictate

their moral beliefs to me? And lam even more angry as a

legislator who must endure the threats of every religious

group who thinks it has some God-granted right to

control my vote on every roll call in the Senate. I am

warning them today: I will fight them every step of the

way if they try to dictate their moral convictions to all

Americans in the name of conservatism. 19

The religious views of the Founding Fathers are of great interest

to propagandists of today's American right, anxious to push their

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