Ecclesiastes - GA Barton - 1908.pdf

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100 ECCLESIASTES meaning of "times of mourning and of rejoicing," cf. Mt. 9" ii 16 - 17 Lk. 6 21 and Jn. i6 20 . 5. A time to scatter stones]. The interpretation of the first clause is difficult. The and AE. took it to refer to scattering the stones of an old building, and collecting stones for a new structure. Several modern scholars (Kn., Hit., HeiL, Wr., No., VI., Wild., and McN.) take it to refer to scattering stones to render fields unproductive (cf. 2 K. 19 25 3 ), and pick- ing up stones to render a field cultivable (cf. Is. 5'). PL, taking a hint from a suggestion of Del., is inclined to regard it as a reference to the Jewish custom, which survives among Christians, of throwing stones or earth into the grave at a burial. Although he confesses that this leaves the "gathering" of stones unexplained, it would refer to the severance of human ties, as "embracing" in the last clause refers to the opposite. Probably the second interpretation, which refers to fields, is to be preferred, though in that case there is no logical connection between the two halves of the verse. A time to embrace and a time to refrainfrom embracing]. Gr. and Wr. take the last clause to refer to the embraces of men in cordial friendly greeting. It is true that the word is so used in 13 Gn. 2Q 33 4 2 K. 4 16 . Ty., No. and Sieg. take it to refer to erotic embraces, comparing Prov. 5 20 , and Ct. 2 6 doubtedly has that significance. where the word un- , On this interpretation the time "to refrain from embracing" is that mentioned in Lv. i5 23 24 . This latter view is to be preferred. 6. A time to seek and a time to lose, a time to keep and a time to throw away]. The two clauses of the verse are not exactly synonymous. The first refers to the acquisition of property as contrasted with losing it; the second, to guarding what one has in contrast with throwing it away. 7. A time to rend]. Most interpreters see in this verse a reference to rending garments as a sign of mourning (cf. Gn. 37 29 44" 2 S. i 11 3 31 Job i 20 2 12 ), and sewing them up after the sadness is past, also to keeping silence in sorrow (cf. 2 K. i8 36 Job Ps. 39 2 9 ), and to utterance as a sign of joy (cf. Is. 58 1 Ps. 26' i26 2 ). PL, however, prefers to see in it a reference to rending a garment as a sign of schism or division, as in the case of Ahijah (i K. ii 30 ), in which case the sewing would be figurative 2 13 for the restoration of unity. He compares the words of Jesus (Mt. io 34 35 )
MAN'S HELPLESSNESS [CH.3'- IOI to show that there are occasions when schism is necessary, and Is. 58' 2 to show that there are times when the opposite is in place. While Qoheleth's principle might be figuratively extended to cover such cases as PL supposes, it is far more likely that he had the uni- versal customs of mourning in mind. On silence and speech com- pare BS. 2o 6 7 in the Heb. 8. A time to love]. Qoheleth declares here that love and hate as well as their expression in war and peace have their appointed times. Wr. recalls with reference to vv. 2-8 the words of Marcus Aurelius (xii, 23), rov Se tccupov, Kal rov opov Si8o)(nv TI
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The international THERE Critical Co
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THE INTERNATIONAL CRITICAL COMMENTA
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CRITICAL AND EXEGETICAL COMMENTARY
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MY BROTHER JOSHUA LINDLEY BARTON, M
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Am. ABBREVIATIONS II. BOOKS OF THE
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viii CONTENTS PAGE THE INTEGRITY OF
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\ VI PREFACE sheets of his Hebrew T
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Xll Kenn. Ki. Kn;. K6. Kue. Lag. Lu
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XIV ABBREVIATIONS n.
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2 ECCLESIASTES VIII, 429.) In the e
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4 ECCLESIASTES dispute, the pupil q
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6 ECCLESIASTES father-in-law of Rab
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8 ECCLESIASTES some Jewish scholars
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10 ECCLESIASTES it is probable that
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1 2 ECCLESIASTES known to Irenaeus
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14 ECCLESIASTES erable influence. A
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1 6 ECCLESIASTES by the people) wer
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1 8 ECCLESIASTES eddies and side cu
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20 ECCLESIASTES liked, every diffic
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22 ECCLESIASTES teenth century an i
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24 ECCLESIASTES # accounted for by
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26 ECCLESIASTES leaves, 6 8 ~7 22 a
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2 8 ECCLESIASTES of Ecclesiastes,"
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30 ECCLESIASTES Jerusalem, if king
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32 ECCLESIASTES 6. THE RELATION OF
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34 ECCLESIASTES 2. As to the possib
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. dictum matic_ogrtaintv of the_Sto
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38 ECCLESIASTES Upon a candid compa
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40 ECCLESIASTES mentary). The exist
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42 ECCLESIASTES Expedition of the U
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44 ECCLESIASTES of the work as it s
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46 ECCLESIASTES thought, and are ca
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48 ECCLESIASTES conclusion to be dr
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Page 82 and 83: 56 ECCLESIASTES Cf. BS. 208-6 (Heb.
Page 84 and 85: 58 ECCLESIASTES WISDOM. QOHELETH. 2
Page 86 and 87: 60 ECCLESIASTES year of Euergetes.
Page 88 and 89: 62 ECCLESIASTES Woe unto thee, O la
Page 90 and 91: 64 ECCLESIASTES While the book of E
Page 93 and 94: COMMENTARY. TITLE, P. THE WORDS OF
Page 95 and 96: AUTHOR'S INTRODUCTION, OR PREFACE [
Page 103 and 104: QOHELETH'S EXPERIMENTS [Cn. l'*-2 t
Page 105 and 106: QOHELETH'S EXPERIMENTS [On. l-2 79
Page 107 and 108: QOHELETH'S EXPERIMENTS [Cn. l lz -2
Page 109 and 110: QOHELETH'S EXPERIMENTS [Cn. l>*-2*
Page 111 and 112: QOHELETH'S EXPERIMENTS [Cn. l ll -2
Page 113 and 114: yi. 17 12 Qoh., cf. 2 QOHELETH'S EX
Page 115 and 116: QOHELETH'S EXPERIMENTS [Cn. 1 14 -2
Page 117 and 118: QOHELETH'S EXPERIMENTS [Cn. l 12 -^
Page 119 and 120: QOHELETH'S EXPERIMENTS [Cn. l'2-2"
Page 121 and 122: QOHELETH'S EXPERIMENTS [Cn. 1^2 95
Page 123 and 124: MAN'S HELPLESSNESS [Cn. 3'-'* 97 25
Page 125: MAN'S HELPLESSNESS [CH.3'-" 99 Wisd
Page 129 and 130: MAN'S HELPLESSNESS [CH.3i-> 5 103 r
Page 131 and 132: MAN'S HELPLESSNESS [Cn. 3>-' 105 li
Page 133 and 134: HUMAN OPPRESSION AND INJUSTICE [CH.
Page 135 and 136: HUMAN OPPRESSION AND INJUSTICE [Cn.
Page 137 and 138: HUMAN OPPRESSION AND INJUSTICE [CH.
Page 139 and 140: MAN'S INHUMANITY [CH.4'- 113 for do
Page 141 and 142: 1-' 1 MAN'S INHUMANITY [Cn.4 11$ Th
Page 143 and 144: MAN'S INHUMANITY [CH.4'-' 117 and 2
Page 145 and 146: POPULARITY OF YOUNG KING [CH.4 13-'
Page 147 and 148: POPULARITY OF YOUNG KING [CH.4 13-'
Page 149 and 150: SHAMS IN RELIGION [Cn.5 1-' 123 oft
Page 151 and 152: OPPRESSION, DESPOTISM, RICHES [Cn.S
Page 153 and 154: OPPRESSION, DESPOTISM, RICHES [CH.5
Page 163 and 164: PUNY MAN AGAINST FATE [Cn. 6 10-" E
Page 165 and 166: 10 . Do 1 VARIETY OF PROVERBS [Cn.
Page 167 and 168: VARIETY OF PROVERBS [Cn. 7-" 141 al
Page 169 and 170: USELESSNESS OF EXTREMES [Cn.7 15- 2
Page 171 and 172: USELESSNESS OF EXTREMES [Cn.7 lfr-
Page 173 and 174: SEVERE JUDGMENT OF WOMEN [Cn. 7 23-
Page 175 and 176: REFLECTIONS ON DESPOTISM [Cn.8- 149
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REFLECTIONS ON DESPOTISM [CH.8'- 15
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1 *- 1 ' RESULTS OF RIGHTEOUSNESS [
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l RESULTS OF RIGHTEOUSNESS &OID. Th
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eyes KNOWLEDGE CANNOT BE OBTAINED [
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HOPELESSNESS OF HUMANITY'S END [Cn.
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PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE [Cn.9^-10 3 161
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PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE [Cu.9-10 3 8. Le
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PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE [CH.9'-10' 165 M
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PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE [Cn. Q'-IO 3 167
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ATTITUDE TOWARD RULERS [Cn. 10 4-20
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ATTITUDE TOWARD RULERS [Cn. 10
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ATTITUDE TOWARD RULERS [Cn. 10*-" 1
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ATTITUDE TOWARD RULERS [On. 10
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ATTITUDE TOWARD RULERS [Cn. 10, but
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FINAL ADVICE [Cn. 1H-12" 179 Daghes
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FINAL ADVICE [CH.lli-12* 181 ll l-1
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FINAL ADVICE [Cn. ll'-12 183 climax
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FINAL ADVICE [Cn. 11-12 185 future,
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FINAL ADVICE [Cn. ll'-12 187 after
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FINAL ADVICE [Cn. 11>-12 189 When t
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. FINAL ADVICE [Cn. 1H-128 191 by t
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FINAL ADVICE [Cn. 11 '-12" 193 this
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FINAL ADVICE [Cn. 1H-12* 195 "miser
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PRAISE OF QOHELETH [Cn. 12-' 197 I2
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PRAISE OF QOHELETH [Cn. 12- 199 Thi
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PRAISE OF QOHELETH [Cn. 12 2OI expr
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n3N, 104. INDEXES. I. HEBREW INDEX.
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cm Sa, 133. INDEX 207
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: ^ > 193- tfcir, 134. ruir (noun),
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Rashi (Rabbi Solomon ben Isaac), 20
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The International Critical Commenta
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The International Theological Libra
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THE INTERNATIONAL THEOLOGICAL LIBRA
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The International Theological Libra
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THE INTERNATIONAL THEOLOGICAL LIBRA
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