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It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount for claims made under the indemnification obligations discussed

in this section (e) due to uncertainties in the litigation process, coordination with and contributions by other parties and the

defendants in these cases, and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular case and agreement. We are

unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate outcome of the cases discussed below in this section (e), but we do not believe that

any potential indemnity liability would be material, and historically, indemnity payments made by us have not had a material

effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

We were asked to indemnify certain of our service provider customers that were subject to patent infringement claims asserted

by ChanBond, LLC (“ChanBond”) in federal court in Delaware on September 21, 2015. All of the service provider customer

defendants entered into an agreement to resolve ChanBond’s claims. We resolved the service providers’ indemnity claims,

effective July 7, 2021, for an amount that did not have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Verizon Communications Inc. requested that we indemnify it and seven of its subsidiaries (collectively, “Verizon”) for a subset of

the patent infringement claims asserted by Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. (“Huawei”) in lawsuits filed against Verizon on February

5, 2020, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (“E.D. Tex”) and the United States District Court for the

Western District of Texas (“W.D. Tex”). Huawei and Verizon reached a confidential settlement agreement and Huawei dismissed

both the E.D. Tex and W.D. Tex cases. Verizon indicated that they no longer are seeking indemnity contribution from us.

We have been asked by seven of our customers to indemnify them in connection with patent infringement claims asserted

against them by Estech Systems, Inc. (“Estech”) in the E.D. Tex and W.D. Tex courts between April 24, 2020 and August 25,

2020. Estech alleges that the customer defendants infringe three patents generally related to IP telephony by using collaboration

technology from us and other providers. Estech is seeking monetary damages from the customer defendants. The first E.D. Tex

case against one of the customer defendants is scheduled for trial on October 4, 2021, and the W.D. Tex cases are set for trial on

December 7, 2021 and April 1, 2022. We believe the customer defendants have strong defenses and do not believe our indemnity

obligations, if any, would have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our officers and directors, and our Amended and Restated

Bylaws contain similar indemnification obligations to our agents.

(f)

Legal Proceedings

Brazil Brazilian authorities have investigated our Brazilian subsidiary and certain of its former employees, as well as a Brazilian

importer of our products, and its affiliates and employees, relating to alleged evasion of import taxes and alleged improper

transactions involving the subsidiary and the importer. Brazilian tax authorities have assessed claims against our Brazilian

subsidiary based on a theory of joint liability with the Brazilian importer for import taxes, interest, and penalties. In addition to

claims asserted by the Brazilian federal tax authorities in prior fiscal years, tax authorities from the Brazilian state of Sao Paulo

have asserted similar claims on the same legal basis in prior fiscal years.

The asserted claims by Brazilian federal tax authorities are for calendar years 2003 through 2007, and the asserted claims by the

tax authorities from the state of Sao Paulo are for calendar years 2005 through 2007. The total asserted claims by Brazilian state

and federal tax authorities aggregate to $155 million for the alleged evasion of import and other taxes, $771 million for interest,

and $384 million for various penalties, all determined using an exchange rate as of July 31, 2021.

We have completed a thorough review of the matters and believe the asserted claims against our Brazilian subsidiary are without

merit, and we are defending the claims vigorously. While we believe there is no legal basis for the alleged liability, due to the

complexities and uncertainty surrounding the judicial process in Brazil and the nature of the claims asserting joint liability with

the importer, we are unable to determine the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome against our Brazilian subsidiary and are

unable to reasonably estimate a range of loss, if any. We do not expect a final judicial determination for several years.

China We are investigating allegations of a self-enrichment scheme involving now-former employees in China. Some of those

employees are also alleged to have made or directed payments from the funds they received to various third parties, including

employees of state-owned enterprises. We voluntarily disclosed this investigation to the Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and

Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We take such allegations very seriously and we are providing results of our

investigation to the DOJ and SEC. While the outcome of our investigation is currently not determinable, we do not expect that

it will have a material adverse effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

SRI International On September 4, 2013, SRI International, Inc. (“SRI”) asserted patent infringement claims against us in the

U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware (“D. Del.”), accusing our products and services in the area of network intrusion

detection of infringing two patents. SRI sought monetary damages of at least a reasonable royalty and enhanced damages. On

May 12, 2016, a jury returned a verdict finding willful infringement. The jury awarded SRI damages of $24 million. On May 25,

2017, the district court awarded SRI enhanced damages and attorneys’ fees, entered judgment in the new amount of $57 million,

and ordered an ongoing royalty of 3.5% through the expiration of the patents in 2018. We appealed to the United States Court

of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (“Federal Circuit”), and on July 12, 2019, the Federal Circuit vacated the enhanced damages

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