New Era
New Era is a digital magazine on new media that is made by Burcu Kıcık, Muhammet Can Otsay and Yaren Altunkıran for the New Media Project (Digital Journalism) course at Beykent University. New Era is a digital magazine on new media that is made by Burcu Kıcık, Muhammet Can Otsay and Yaren Altunkıran for the New Media Project (Digital Journalism) course at Beykent University.
P A G E 1 1 | N E W E R AM U H A M M E T C A N O T S A YA quick synopsis of Blockchain Technology - Scientific Figure on ResearchGate. Available from:https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Client-server-and-P2P-network-models_fig2_333160118[accessed 26 Nov, 2022]P2P networks, on the other hand, are decentralized, not centralized.Shared files are transferred between each other by members of thenetwork. During this transfer, resources of members of the network areused (such as disks of users' computers, internet connections).In other words, peer-to-peer file sharing is the distribution and sharingof digital media items using P2P network technology. For example, let'simagine YouTube's first video, "Me at the zoo," is being distributed on aP2P network. Instead of accessing youtube.com's servers to access,download or play the video on our computer, let's say, for example, thatthe file me_at_the_zoo.mp4 is transferred between John and Hannah,who are members of a P2P network. John, who uploads from the US stateof Virginia, constantly uploads that video to the internet by using hiscomputer's resources such as disk and internet. Matching with John onthe network, Hannah downloads from California, again using her owncomputer's resources. In this case, there is no need for youtube.com orany center, authority or institution. Members of the network share theentire workload among themselves.Technically, this file-sharing system made possible the illegal sharing oflicensed content, as shared files had no legitimate ownership. Inparticular, illegal sharing of content such as books, games, movies andmusic has become easier and widespread because of these systems.
P A G E 1 2 | N E W E R AM U H A M M E T C A N O T S A YThe LimeWire application, released in 2000, used the peer-to-peer filesharing system to download files, especially music (free and illegal). Italso gained popularity in Turkey.— Navy Blue formerly iDosh, en:User:SanchmarcNavy Blue at en.wikipedia, GPL, viaWikimedia CommonsThen the BitTorrent P2P sharing protocol was published and the conceptof "torrent", which has become very common in Turkey, entered our lives.An application with the same name, BitTorrent, which enables filesharing using this communication protocol, was also published, andμTorrent, which uses the BitTorrent protocol, was also widely used in thesame period.In these applications, mostly games and movies were shared.Another important part of this ecosystem were “torrent sites”. Theabove-mentioned me_at_the_zoo.mp4 file must be discovered beforeit can be downloaded and uploaded by users. Torrent sites were indexsites that functioned to categorize all kinds of files and make themsearchable online. The Pirate Bay was one of the most famous of thesetorrent sites.Since platforms such as Spotify, Apple Music, YouTube, Netflix are veryconvenient and security concerns that occur using illegal methods, Ithink that the need for P2P services has declined. But of course, we mustalso take into account the existence of websites that do not use P2Ptechnology, but that broadcast illegally.
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M U H A M M E T C A N O T S A Y
The LimeWire application, released in 2000, used the peer-to-peer file
sharing system to download files, especially music (free and illegal). It
also gained popularity in Turkey.
— Navy Blue formerly iDosh, en:User:SanchmarcNavy Blue at en.wikipedia, GPL, via
Wikimedia Commons
Then the BitTorrent P2P sharing protocol was published and the concept
of "torrent", which has become very common in Turkey, entered our lives.
An application with the same name, BitTorrent, which enables file
sharing using this communication protocol, was also published, and
μTorrent, which uses the BitTorrent protocol, was also widely used in the
same period.
In these applications, mostly games and movies were shared.
Another important part of this ecosystem were “torrent sites”. The
above-mentioned me_at_the_zoo.mp4 file must be discovered before
it can be downloaded and uploaded by users. Torrent sites were index
sites that functioned to categorize all kinds of files and make them
searchable online. The Pirate Bay was one of the most famous of these
torrent sites.
Since platforms such as Spotify, Apple Music, YouTube, Netflix are very
convenient and security concerns that occur using illegal methods, I
think that the need for P2P services has declined. But of course, we must
also take into account the existence of websites that do not use P2P
technology, but that broadcast illegally.
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