Book of Extended summaries ISDA

International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges &
Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad
of the crop is an important phenomenon to estimate the crop yield and understand the crop
water necessity at different crop phenological stages as water deficits cause yield reduction.
Crop growth simulation models are used for the optimization of sowing window and crop water
stress during different stages of a crop during the season. In groundnut, flowering, pegging,
and pod formation stages are the important growth stages where water availability is much
needed for a better crop. Rainfall is one of the major weather parameters playing a crucial role
in groundnut crop growth and yield. Simulation models help to simulate the crop water stress
of different crops. There is a thresh hold of above a specific value (50%) that impacts crop
growth and development process. On the other hand, the water requirement of groundnut varies
with the stages and is lowest from germination to flower formation and reaches a maximum
during pod formation. During these stages, if stress persists, the performance of the crop goes
into trouble. In view of the above, a study has been conducted using the DSSAT model to
simulate, identify and quantify the water stress at different crop stages of the Kharif sown
groundnut crop.
Methodology
Experimental groundnut crop and weather
data were collected from AICRPAM
Anantapuramu center on Groundnut
growth parameters and yields from the
years 2009-2019. Calibrated and validated
DSSAT Peanut model for K-6 variety used
for simulating groundnut crop for different
planting dates (15-June, 22-June, 30-June,
7 July, 21 July, 28 July, 04 August, 11
August and 15 August) and yields during kharif period. Simulations of pod yield and other
yield attributes using the calibrated model were found to be quite accurate. The simulated
output files further processed to extract the crop water stress.
Results
The optimum sowing window for Kharif groundnut in the Anantapur region is mid-June to mid
of July and can continue up to 31 July, after that it is late sowing and will get a low yield after
sowing 31 July. The CROPGRO model has been calibrated and validated for rainfed groundnut
for the years 2019 and 2020 at the Anantapur agricultural station. In the package of practices
for high yields of groundnut (K-6) in the Anantapur region planting in mid-June–15-July is
recommended. The patterns of variation of the simulated yield with planting date, for the 11
years (2009-2019) are shown in the figure.
Resilience through land and water management interventions, water management and governance
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