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Book of Extended summaries ISDA

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International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges &<br />

Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad<br />

management practices. Moreover, the strategy decisions on water management are more<br />

essential for groundwater resource management and also for impact assessment on<br />

groundwater regime with efficient method at any country level. Groundwater resources<br />

evaluation in many areas <strong>of</strong> the Vidarbha region is important for the developmental strategies<br />

<strong>of</strong> integrated watershed development and management.<br />

Methodology<br />

The study was undertaken under Agri-CRP on Water project (Funded by ICAR-IIWM,<br />

Bhubaneswar) to analyze the impact <strong>of</strong> rainwater harvesting structure on groundwater seasonal<br />

fluctuations at Kajaleshwar-Warkhed watershed Tq. Barshitakli, Distt. Akola in Maharashtra.<br />

The work <strong>of</strong> Nala widening/deepening and repairs <strong>of</strong> rainwater harvesting structure was done<br />

for quantification <strong>of</strong> groundwater recharge and agricultural development in the dryland area in<br />

the watershed. Groundwater level data has been collected from 51 observation wells for<br />

analysis <strong>of</strong> rainwater harvesting impact on groundwater regime in watershed area.<br />

Groundwater levels data were monitored for groundwater analysis with the help <strong>of</strong> GIS<br />

s<strong>of</strong>tware. Groundwater fluctuation maps have been generated from interpolation techniques in<br />

Arc GIS 10.3 s<strong>of</strong>tware. The beneficiaries/ farmers in the vicinity <strong>of</strong> this drainage line were<br />

selected for crop planning and uses <strong>of</strong> harvested water through micro-irrigation system. The<br />

wells located surrounding these drains were surveyed and monitored for groundwater levels.<br />

Results<br />

The rainwater harvesting activity is more essential for agricultural development. Groundwater<br />

level fluctuation analysis is mainly depending on the variation <strong>of</strong> water level data during postmonsoon<br />

periods which can be directly related to recharge and discharge <strong>of</strong> groundwater<br />

regime. Groundwater level data has been collected from 51 observation wells in the vicinity <strong>of</strong><br />

10 CNBs for analysis <strong>of</strong> rainwater harvesting impact on groundwater regime in watershed area.<br />

It was observed that, during 2019 (51 wells) average depth <strong>of</strong> water level was 2.81 m and<br />

during 2020 (51wells) average depth <strong>of</strong> water level was 2.17. The groundwater level<br />

fluctuations in 2020 as compared to 2019 were observed. The well water levels were observed<br />

to be increased in 2020 as compared to 2019 for maximum wells. The average depth in the<br />

wells in 2020 was increased by 0.64m with respect to the levels in 2019 and by 4.08 m as<br />

compared to the well levels during 2016 (Patode et al., 2016). This is due to the storage <strong>of</strong><br />

rainwater in the widened and deepened nala for longer duration. It was also possible to utilize<br />

the recharged water for protective irrigations to different crops.<br />

Increase in yield during kharif and rabi season<br />

Increase in the ground water levels in wells and availability <strong>of</strong> water in the wells as well as<br />

CNBs benefited to farmers to take other crops like turmeric, onion, cabbage, brinjal and chilly<br />

other than soybean and chickpea. One protective irrigation during the dry spell from stored<br />

62 | Page Resilience through land and water management interventions, water management and governance

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