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International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad T4a-34P Improvement of Soil Fertility and Productivity by Use of Green Manuring Debesh Singh*, R.P.S. Tomar and Swati Singh NICRA, RVSKVV KVK, Morena, M.P. *debeshtomar315@gmal.com Green manuring is the practice of ploughing and turning in to the soil, under composed green plant tissue for the purpose of improving soil fertility and productivity. It increases the soil fertility by the direct addition of nitrogen and also improves the soil structure, water holding capacity and increase microbial population of soil by the addition of humus or organic matter. The soil physical properties that are affected by incorporation of the green manure includes the structure, moisture retention capacity consistency and density. Other properties such as the porosity, aeration, conductivity, hydraulics and infiltration are allied to the modifications to the soil structure. Post-harvest decaying roots significantly increased macrospores in soil. Green manuring had significant effect on increasing soil organic carbon. Green manure crops are grown in a field prior to crop cultivation and then cut and buried when approximately 50 percent of all plants are flowering. The practice of incorporating green leaf manure is different from green manure grown in situ, in this method the leaves are cut and brought to the farms in bundles. Green manuring is practiced according to suitability of soil and climatic conditions. Green manuring is generally done with sun hemp, dhaincha, cowpea, green gram, black gram; etc. these crops when rotten nourish the soil with their nutrients. Dhaincha as a green manure crop does well in the waterlogged and alkaline soils. Generally, a higher seed rate is recommended for green manuring. They absorb nutrient from the deeper soil layers and leave them in surface soil. The amount of green plant material buried stimulates the activity of the micro-organism inhabitant to the soil. Application of green manure crops supplements the chemical fertilizers and restores soil fertility. Therefore, it is an eco-friendly low-cost technology to conserve the natural resources besides maintaining environmental quality in a sustainable banner. 641 | Page Resource conservation and rainfed agriculture
International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad T4a-35P-1325 Influence of Different In-Situ Soil Moisture Conservation Techniques in Maize under Rainfed Agro-Eco System of Jammu Region Jai Kumar 1 *, A.P. Singh 1 , G. Ravindra Chary 2 , A. Gopinath 2 , Brinder Singh 1 , Rohit Shrama 1 and Sunny Raina 3 1 All India Coordinated Project for Dryland agriculture, Rakh-Dhiansar, Samba (UT of J&K) 2 AICRPDA, ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad 3 Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir (UT) 181 133 *jkap006@gmail.com Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal crop in the world after wheat and rice which occupies a prominent place in world agriculture due to its wide spread cultivation in tropics, sub-tropics and temperate regions of the world. Maize being grown globally on an area of about 197.19 million ha with a production of about of 1125.03 million tonnes. Maize in India is known as ‘King of cereals’ because of its high production potential and wider adaptability, is cultivated on an area of 9.21 million ha with a production of 25.13 million tonnes and the productivity of 26.3 q/ ha (Annonymous 2020). The state of Jammu and Kashmir has the distinction of being maize forms the staple diet of majority of the people living in the state and is grown on larger area than wheat and rice while in Jammu region, it is the second most cereal crop after wheat. Maize being the dominant Kharif crop of rainfed areas of Jammu province, is seriously suffering due to erratic and unpredictable rainfall, soils being light and medium texture leads to low water holding capacity and the lands are often having uneven topography, the rain water runs off quickly and removes top soil and fertilizers leading to reduction in maize productivity. Maize is grown on farrowed or slopping lands, largely under Rainfed conditions and experience deficit moisture stress at different stages of growth. The uneven distribution of rainfall in time and space often causes dry spells of two weeks or even more resulting in moisture stress conditions during critical stages of maize crop, especially during the cob formation/grain filling stage which is the most critical stage with respect to productivity. Thus, the major constraint for establishing a crop is the lack of adequate moisture in the root zone (Hadda et al., 2010; Bhat et al., 2004). Therefore, it becomes essential to supply water to plant by adopting in-situ soil conservation measures for increasing water use efficiency. This cause adoption of in-situ moisture conservation practices to enhance productivity under dryland ecosystem (Subudhi, 2011). Hence, keeping the above facts in the forefront, a study on the influence of Different In-Situ Soil 642 | Page Resource conservation and rainfed agriculture
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Extended Summaries 22-24 December,
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Resilience through land and water m
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International Conference on Reimagi
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