Book of Extended summaries ISDA
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Book of Extended summaries ISDA

Book of Extended summaries ISDA Book of Extended summaries ISDA

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International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad References Avilkumar, K., Satish, C., Praveen Rao, V., Uma Devi, M. and Ramulu, V. 2016. Drip irrigation levels influence on yield attributes, yield and water productivity of rabi sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). In: Extended Summaries, Fourth International Agronomy Congress on Agronomy for Sustainable Management of Natural Resources, Environment, Energy and Livelihood Security to Achieve Zero Hunger Challenge, 22–26 November 2016, Indian Society of Agronomy, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India Vol.3: 118-120 T4a-03aO -1512 In-situ Rainwater Harvesting Techniques and Diversification of Cropping System for Climate Resilient Agriculture in Bundelkhand region Yogeshwar Singh, Rajiv Nandan and Sandeep Upadhyay College of Agriculture, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agriculture University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh. 284003, India Conspicuous to frequent climatic and hydrological droughts, the Bundelkhand region experiences severe agricultural droughts. Soils of these regions are shallow, gravelly and extremely porous with low organic matter and have poor water holding capacity. Much of the region suffers from acute ecological degradation due to top soil erosion and deforestation, leading to low productivity of the land. Thus, realizing the importance of rain water harvesting and diversified climate resilient cropping system in Bundelkhand regions, research entitled “In-situ rainwater management and crop diversification for climate resilient agriculture” was conducted. Attempts were made to generate information about the subsequent availability of in-situ rain water for the crop during the extended dry spell periods. Methodology Field experiment has been initiated during the year 2020-21 and 2021-22 at RLBCAU, Jhansi to standardize the Agro-techniques for efficient use of irrigation and rain water and crop diversification for climate resilient agriculture in Bundelkhand. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with five In-situ rainwater harvesting methods namely control (conventional practice); deep tillage; horizontal mulching; broad bed and furrow and ridge and furrow in main plot and three cropping systems namely groundnut – wheat; maize – mustard and sorghum – chickpea in sub-plot, replicated thrice. The experimental crops were managed as per standard package and practices. Resource conservation and rainfed agriculture 570 | Page

International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad Results The system productivity in terms of wheat equivalent yield was maximum in ridge and furrow planting system (8644 kg/ha/yr) with the highest water productivity (2.78 kg grain/m 3 water). Such an alteration in yield performance order could have been due to ease dissolution and accessibility of the N, influenced by the appreciable soil moisture at the beginning of the season. Among different cropping systems (groundnut-wheat, maize-mustard and sorghumchickpea), maize-mustard cropping sequence showed superiority for the highest water productivity (2.37) and net returns (Rs. 87,799 per ha), while groundnut-wheat exhibited maximum MEY (9119 kg/ha/yr). Effect of tillage practices on system and water productivity Kharif (Maize Equivalent Yield -t/ha) Rabi (Maize Equivalent Yield -t/ha) System productivity (MEYt/ha/yr) Water applied (m 3 /ha) % Water saving Water productivity (Kg grain/m 3 water) Net returns (Rs/ha) A) In-situ rainwater harvesting methods (Main-plot)-05 Deep tillage 3.77 4.37 8.12 3980 7.2 2.04 79571 Residue mulching Broad bed & furrow Ridge and furrow Conventional Practice 4.00 4.47 8.48 3820 11.0 2.22 84658 3.87 4.43 8.30 3750 12.6 2.21 81524 4.07 4.56 8.64 3110 27.5 2.78 86903 3.55 4.38 7.94 4290 - 1.85 79400 CD (P=0.05) 0.329 0.367 0.673 297 - 0.21 4158 B) Cropping system (Sub-plot)-03 Groundnut- Wheat Sorghum– Chick Pea Maize- Mustard 4.401 4.718 3.472 3.741 3.684 4.886 9.12 4600 - 1.98 79994 7.21 3150 31.5 2.29 78240 8.57 3620 21.3 2.37 87799 CD (P=0.05) - - 0.910 314 0.27 3974 Effect of cropping system on soil fertility at harvest Cropping system OC (%) pH EC (dS/m) N (kg/ha) P (kg/ha) K (kg/ha) Groundnut-wheat 0.31 7.4 0.14 138.9 10.3 244.8 Sorghum–Chick Pea 0.30 7.6 0.16 135.1 9.6 237.4 571 | Page Resource conservation and rainfed agriculture

International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges &<br />

Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad<br />

Results<br />

The system productivity in terms <strong>of</strong> wheat equivalent yield was maximum in ridge and<br />

furrow planting system (8644 kg/ha/yr) with the highest water productivity (2.78 kg grain/m 3<br />

water). Such an alteration in yield performance order could have been due to ease dissolution<br />

and accessibility <strong>of</strong> the N, influenced by the appreciable soil moisture at the beginning <strong>of</strong> the<br />

season. Among different cropping systems (groundnut-wheat, maize-mustard and sorghumchickpea),<br />

maize-mustard cropping sequence showed superiority for the highest water<br />

productivity (2.37) and net returns (Rs. 87,799 per ha), while groundnut-wheat exhibited<br />

maximum MEY (9119 kg/ha/yr).<br />

Effect <strong>of</strong> tillage practices on system and water productivity<br />

Kharif<br />

(Maize<br />

Equivalent<br />

Yield -t/ha)<br />

Rabi<br />

(Maize<br />

Equivalent<br />

Yield -t/ha)<br />

System<br />

productivity<br />

(MEYt/ha/yr)<br />

Water<br />

applied<br />

(m 3 /ha)<br />

%<br />

Water<br />

saving<br />

Water<br />

productivity<br />

(Kg<br />

grain/m 3<br />

water)<br />

Net<br />

returns<br />

(Rs/ha)<br />

A) In-situ rainwater harvesting methods (Main-plot)-05<br />

Deep tillage 3.77 4.37 8.12 3980 7.2 2.04 79571<br />

Residue<br />

mulching<br />

Broad bed &<br />

furrow<br />

Ridge and<br />

furrow<br />

Conventional<br />

Practice<br />

4.00 4.47 8.48 3820 11.0 2.22 84658<br />

3.87 4.43 8.30 3750 12.6 2.21 81524<br />

4.07 4.56 8.64 3110 27.5 2.78 86903<br />

3.55 4.38 7.94 4290 - 1.85 79400<br />

CD (P=0.05) 0.329 0.367 0.673 297 - 0.21 4158<br />

B) Cropping system (Sub-plot)-03<br />

Groundnut-<br />

Wheat<br />

Sorghum–<br />

Chick Pea<br />

Maize-<br />

Mustard<br />

4.401 4.718<br />

3.472 3.741<br />

3.684 4.886<br />

9.12 4600 - 1.98 79994<br />

7.21 3150 31.5 2.29 78240<br />

8.57 3620 21.3 2.37 87799<br />

CD (P=0.05) - - 0.910 314 0.27 3974<br />

Effect <strong>of</strong> cropping system on soil fertility at harvest<br />

Cropping system OC (%) pH EC (dS/m) N (kg/ha) P (kg/ha) K (kg/ha)<br />

Groundnut-wheat 0.31 7.4 0.14 138.9 10.3 244.8<br />

Sorghum–Chick Pea 0.30 7.6 0.16 135.1 9.6 237.4<br />

571 | Page Resource conservation and rainfed agriculture

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