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International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad The recommended fertilizer doses were 150 kg N/ha, 75 kg P2O5/ha, and 75 kg K2O/ha for maize; 60 kg N/ha, 60 kg P2O5/ha, and 30 kg K2O /ha for pearl millet; 80 kg N/ha, 40 kg P2O5/ha, and 30 kg K2O /ha for mustard, and 120 kg N/ha, 60 kg P2O5/ha, and 60 kg K2O /ha for the wheat crop. Urea, single superphosphate, and muriate of potash were used to supply N, P, and K, respectively. In mustard and pearl millet, 50% of N (as per treatment) and 100% of recommended P and K were applied as basal, and the remaining 50% N was top-dressed in one split. In wheat and maize, 50% of N (as per treatments) and 100% of P and K fertilizers were applied as basal, and the remaining N was top-dressed in two equal splits. Nano-urea was applied at 1250 ml/ha (per spray) as a foliar spray. Results Result revealed that yield of maize, wheat, mustard and pearl millet was significantly lower under N0PK + Nano-urea compared with N100PK and remained at par with N0PK. The plots under N50PK + Nano-urea received significantly lesser yield compared with N100PK. This indicates only application of nano-urea or nano-urea with N50PK could not suffice the requirement of the N in the crops and is not comparable with N100PK. On the other hand, application of N75PK + Nano-urea registered similar yields compared with recommended NPK applied plots, indicating towards a possibility of curtailing 25% of recommended N doses with two sprays of nano-urea. The soil mineral N were similar under the treatments N75PK + Nanourea and N100PK. On the other hand, curtailing of 50% or more in the recommended N doses leads to significant decrease in the mineral N in soil, irrespective of nano-urea application. T4-11P-1027 Soil Organic Carbon Stock Changes in a Semi-Arid Alfisol under Heavy Carbon Loading K. Srinivas*, A. K. Indoria, S. S. Balloli, S. Suvana and K. Sammi Reddy ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 059, India * k.srinivas1@icar.gov.in Small inputs of organic carbon or minor changes in management rarely, if at all, lead to measurable changes in soil organic carbon content or stock. A field study was carried out to investigate whether large additions of organic carbon would lead to measurable changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in an Alfisol under hot semi-arid climate, where soil organic carbon losses are high. Sustainable soil management for resilient rainfed agro-ecosystem: conservation agriculture, organic farming, INM, soil-microorganisms-plant interactions 463 | Page
International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad Methodology The field experiment was conducted for four years during 2018-2021 at Hayathnagar research farm of ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad. Each year, for the four years, vermicompost (VC) and fresh gliricidia loppings (GL) were applied to soil at rates equivalent to 0, 2, 4 and 6 Mg C/ha (treatments) and incorporated thoroughly into the soil. Pigeonpea and castor were grown in rotation (pigeonpea in 2018 and 2020, castor in 2019 and 2021). Carbon input to soil by crops through litter was quantified. Carbon input through roots was estimated using shoot:root ratios (Srinivas et. al., 2017). Rhizodeposited C was estimated as 65% of root biomass (Bolinder et al., 2007). Total C input to soil was obtained by adding C inputs through treatments and crop C inputs. Soil bulk density and organic carbon from 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depths were measured before the start of the experiment and at the end of 4 years, and soil organic carbon stocks were computed. Change in SOC stock up to 40 cm depth was computed as difference between stock after 4 years and initial stock Results Total carbon input by crops (4 years) ranged from 5.22 Mg/ha in control plots (no external C input) to 7.75 Mg/ha in plots that received 6 Mg C/ha every year through vermicompost taking the total C input in this treatment to 31.75 Mg/ha (24 Mg/ha through applied vermicompost and 7.75 Mg/ha through crop). Soil organic carbon in the 0-20 cm depth, which was 3.14 g/kg before the start of the experiment, decreased slightly to 2.85 g/kg in control and increased to a maximum of 5.01 g/kg in the 6 Mg C/ha through vermicompost treatment. In the 20-40 cm depth, initial SOC of 2.44 g/kg decreased to 2.38 g/kg in control and increased to a maximum of 2.92 g/kg in the 6 Mg C/ha through vermicompost treatment. Changes in bulk density were small and statistically non-significant.The initial SOC stock up to 40 cm depth was 18.3 Mg/ha and it decreased by 0.53 Mg/ha in the control plots, while in the plots that received external C inputs, the carbon stocks increased. SOC stocks were significantly higher in the 0-20 cm depth over the 20-40 cm depth. The highest C stock of 25.7 Mg/ha was recorded in plots that received 6 Mg C/ha through vermicompost. Increase in C stock as percentage of total C input (treatment C input + crop C input) ranged from 15.8% in 4 Mg C/ha through gliricidialoppings to 23.4% in 6 Mg C/ha through vermicompost. 464 | Page Sustainable soil management for resilient rainfed agro-ecosystem: conservation agriculture, organic farming, INM, soilmicroorganisms-plant interactions
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Extended Summaries 22-24 December,
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Citation Rama Rao, C.A., Srinivasa
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Resilience through land and water m
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International Conference on Reimagi
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Theme- 2 Ecosystem based approaches
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Resource conservation and rainfed a
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Theme- 6 Institutional and policy i
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