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International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad 132 (5.92) and the lowest was noticed in SMG-7(3.21) followed by Urigam CT 164 (3.57). Average yield per plant (kg) NZB (S) accession recorded the highest value of 15.72 followed by Hasanur #5 (15.09) and the lowest was noticed in SMG-7 (2.47) followed by NTI-82 (5.74). The highest pulp weight per fruit was recorded in NZB (S) accessions (9.27 g) followed by Hasanur #5 (9.24 g). The lowest pulp weight was found in CMK-6 of 3.46g followed by Urigam CT 164 (3.53). Similarly, the highest fibre weight per fruit was recorded in NTI-42 (0.81) followed by Vantoor (0.73) the lowest was noticed in NZB (S) (0.22) followed by Salem 132 (0.24). Regarding seed characters, accession NZB (S) recorded the highest total number of seeds per pod (10.78) which was the highest among forty tamarind accessions followed by Prathistan (10.54). The highest normal number of seeds per pod was recorded in NZB (S) (9.38) followed by Hasanur #5 (10.54) and the lowest was noticed in SMG-4 (4.27) followed by NTI -86 (4.75). The highest number of seeds damaged per pod was recorded in Hyd (local) (1.54) followed by NTI- 39 (1.53) and the lowest in NZB (S) (0.62) followed by Hasanur #5 (0.82). Conclusion Among the forty tamarind accessions evaluated, NZB(S), Hasanur#5, Salem132, NTI-14 and SMG–3 recorded the highest values in all the growth, pod and yield characters. NZB (S) recorded the highest number of flowers per inflorescence (14.62), Hasanur #5 recorded the highest number of inflorescence per branch (13.87). NZB (S) recorded the highest average fruit weight (g) (19.24), pulp weight per fruit (g) (9.27), Total seed per Pod (no’s) (10.78), Normal seed /pod (no’s) (9.38) compare to remaining all tamarind accessions and also NZB (S) recorded the lowest fibre weight per fruit (g) (0.22), Damaged seed per pod (no’s) (0.62). References Panse Vand, Sukhatme, P.V. 1985.Statistical Methods for Agricultural Workers. ICAR, New Delhi. T3-08R-1444 Administering the Natural Genetic Diversity for Improving Stress Tolerance R.S. Telem 1 , W. Dipin 1 , N. Jyotsna 1 and Romila Akoijam 2 1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra- Senapati, 795129, Manipur, India 2 ICAR- RC for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, 795004, Lamphelpat, Imphal, India The modern agricultural system often compromises with the cost of biodiversity over the improvement in yield. This is because the plants have a diverse genetic functions and regulation systems. During the process of the domestication and continuous artificial selection, genetic variation in the wild cultivars has been vanish in many present-day crop cultivars. 349 | Page Managing genetic resources for enhanced stress tolerance
International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad Breeding of crops chosen yield over other attributes such as stress tolerance, which could be restored under farmers’ supervision and other agricultural methods. Therefore, when compared to the present-day crop varieties, wild cultivars of crops could practically tolerate and survive under an extensive scale of weather variations and unfavorable habitats. Hence, the wild cultivars of different crop plants can be regarded as a principal pool of genetic diversity and it should be given more importance for exploration of their stress-tolerant characteristics. Besides the genetic resources from wild cultivars, genes from diverse plants such as extremophiles, which are adapted to utmost environmental situations, can also provide a collection for stresstolerant alleles. Hence, to obtain a more useful understanding of stress-tolerant characters available in naturally occurring stress-resistant plants, further relative studies between the present-day crops/model plants and crop progenitors/natural accessions/extremophiles are needed. Loss of stress tolerance during domestication Domestication of crops by artificial selection often arises in differences to natural selection. For example, farmers recommend the trait of non-shattering seeds, which is obviously a nonrecommendable character for plants in nature that they require to propagate their offspring. The breeding plans mostly target to evolve high yielding crop varieties. Thus, domestication has outcome in growth of productivity but restricted genetic diversity, frequently by losing helpful alleles such as stress-tolerant genes. During domestication procedure, useful characters can be lost by gene loss, changes in gene regulation, and gene activity modification (i.e., sequence variations in coding sequence). Alleles for stress tolerance Arabidopsis thaliana accessions (ecotypes) are largely dispersed to the different regions of the world, and this dispersal contributes to the genetic diversity of Arabidopsis that are pivotal for stress adaptation. Thus, genetic diversity among the Arabidopsis accessions give a helpful genetic model to discover both unique stress tolerance mechanisms and important stresstolerant alleles. For example, Jha et al. found a positive correlation between AtAVP1 transcript levels and salinity tolerance. In comparison to Col and C24, the Ler and Ws accessions exhibited higher transcript abundance of AtAVP1 in relation with higher salt stress tolerance. In the first place, rice is a chilling-sensitive crop obtained from tropical or sub-tropical regions of Asia. Rice cultivars comprises two subspecies, indica and japonica. When compared to indica, the japonica rice cultivars were rated to be more cold-tolerant and grow at higher altitudes and latitudes and temperate zones. Rice ecotypes include two major types, upland rice and lowland rice. Lowland rice grows on flooded soils, while upland rice grows on dry soil; therefore, upland rice cultivars are drought tolerant. In maize, the drought-responsive gene ZmDREB2.7 shows natural variations in corporation with drought tolerance. The Managing genetic resources for enhanced stress tolerance 350 | Page
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Extended Summaries 22-24 December,
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Resilience through land and water m
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International Conference on Reimagi
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Theme- 2 Ecosystem based approaches
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Resource conservation and rainfed a
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