Book of Extended summaries ISDA

20.12.2022 Views
International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad Comparison of BBF technique with farmers practice for soybean Soil type Intervention Mean Seed yield kg/ ha Light to medium black soil Stover yield /ha kg Net returns, Rs./ha BC ratio RWUE, kg/ha-mm BBF 1337 1847 19733 1.62 2.166 Farmers practice 1122 1433 14384 1.46 1.79 Above table indicated that due to use of BBF technology, the yield increase was recorded. Similarly, the net returns, BC ratio and RWUE was found to be higher in BBF technique as compared to farmers practice. This BBF technique was proved as climate resilient technique under changing climate. Well and bore well recharging model: An Experience in NICRA Village A National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) project in being implemented on farmers field at village Babhulgaon Tq.Dist.Parbhani. Open well and bore well recharge technology was demonstrated on 10 and 7 farmers field through participatory mode respectively. The pre-& post monsoon water levels in the wells were monitored. Also, the aquifer characteristic viz. transmissivity and specific yield were determined. Accordingly, the ground water recharge was determined. The Recharge wells recorded higher ground water potential as compared to un-recharged wells. Conclusion Preparedness like adoption of climate resilient crops and varieties, adoption of in-situ and exsitu moisture conservation techniques i.e. Broad bed furrow sowing method, conservation furrow, farm pond, recharging of well and bore wells and intercropping system plays a crucial role in dryland agriculture for sustaining crop productivity. The Broad Bed and Furrow sowing technique (BBF) was found to be most efficient climate resilient technology under variable climatic conditions over a period of 5 years with respect to yield enhancement and thereby the increased net returns. Also, BBF technique resulted in more moisture conservation as reflected by mean soil moisture status. References Ramchandraapa B.K., M.N. Thimmegowda, A. Satish, B.N. Jagadeesh, K. Devaraja, P.N., Srikanth Babu, M.S. Sativa 2016. Real time contingency measures to cope with rainfall variability in southern Karnataka. Indian Journal of Dryland Agricultural Research and Development 31(1): 37-43. Resilience through land and water management interventions, water management and governance 25 | Page

International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad T1-06R-1005 Enhancement of Rainfed Cotton Production Through Supplemental Irrigation in Vertisols Tract of Southern Tamil Nadu M. Manikandan* 1 , S. Manoharan 1 , K. Baskar 1 , V. Sanjivkumar 1 , G. Guru 1 and G. Ravindra Chary 2 1 AICRP for Dryland Agriculture, Kovilpatti Main Centre, ARS, TNAU, Kovilpatti – 628 501 2 ICAR- Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad-500 059, Telangana * manikandan.m@tnau.ac.in Rainwater harvesting through farm ponds in the rainfed areas is one of the most promising technology for enhancing crop productivity. Farm ponds would help the farmers to use stored water for managing the dry spells during the season. Studies have revealed that providing SI during dry periods at different stages of crop growth has improved the yields by 29 to 114 per cent for different crops. SI not only increases the yield but also improves water productivity when SI and rainwater are used conjunctively. Though sufficient records are available for SI as an effective practice to alleviate dry spell effects, some challenges of SI are to plan the timing and depth of water to be applied and the practical feasibility of storing and retaining water till the period when crops needed despite heavy seepage and evaporation losses (Oweis and Hachum, 2012). This study aims to assess the feasibility of using the farm pond water for giving supplemental irrigation to rabi cotton, particularly for farmers having small size land holdings in the rainfed areas. Methodology This research was conducted in AICRPDA Kovilpatti main centre at Agricultural Research Station, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu in India from 2011 to 2021. Vertisols constitute nearly 70 per cent of the total area. The depth of soil varies from 110 to 150 cm and the rate of infiltration is 0.9 cm hr -1 . Soil develops typical cracks at least one cm wide and reaches a depth of more than 50 cm during the period moisture stress. Annual average rainfall was 711 mm in 42 rainy days, with respect to seasonal rainfall, the main contribution was from north east monsoon (NEM) i.e. 393 mm. The experiment was conducted in rainfed cotton with two treatments viz. (i) providing supplemental irrigation to the crop and (ii) pure rainfed crop. Cotton (KC3) was grown with a spacing of 45 x 15 cm on the ridges, furrows were formed by 45 cm spacing. Crops were cultivated and all the practices were followed as per the crop production guide of Tamil Nadu State. A rectangular shaped farm pond of 25 m x 13 m x 1.5 m, lined with random rubble masonry was used for harvesting runoff from a one ha catchment area. A 5 HP diesel engine was used for pumping water from the pond. One raingun with tripod stand having discharge rate of 3.5 lps and radius of throw of 20 m was used for sprinkling water. Changes in water level in the farm pond were observed during the rainy season and runoff drained into 26 | Page Resilience through land and water management interventions, water management and governance

Page 1 and 2: Extended Summaries 22-24 December,

Page 3 and 4: Citation Rama Rao, C.A., Srinivasa

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