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International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad solution. This customized hydroponics technology allows the cultivation of more than 10 vegetables simultaneously under a single nutrient system thereby ensuring year-round vegetable cultivation with a higher yield. In comparison to conventional agriculture, hydroponics technology allows vertical utilization of space, water saving to the tune of 80%, and near-to-zero use of pesticides and weedicides, thus ensuring no residual toxicity. This technology also makes it possible to use collected rain water as the requirement for water is low. The entire system is low cost, low maintenance and environment friendly. The institute has also developed a suitable nutrient composition suitable for wide range of vegetables. The article deals with the hydroponics technology in detail vis-à-vis efforts made at DIBER for standardization of hydroponics technology. T1-05bO-1161 Enhancing Water Productivity in Rainfed Agriculture through in-situ and ex-situ Rain Water Harvesting- NICRA Experiences B.V. Asewar and M.S.Pendke Department of Agronomy, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani 431402 In Marathwada region, out total cultivated area of 57.94 lakh ha, 49.60 lakh ha area is rainfed. The impact of climate change and variability in the country on agricultural production is quite evident in the recent years. The weather aberrations like drought and floods, extreme events like high intense rainfall, hail storms, heat wave, cold wave etc, are recurrent in most parts of the country during the crop growing periods. The South-West monsoon account for nearly 75% of the precipitation received in the country and exerts a strong influence on the kharif food grain production and the economy in terms of agricultural output, farmers income and price stability. The onset of South west monsoon, the amount of rainfall and its distribution are crucial factors which influence the performance of agriculture. The probability of erratic monsoon rains is about 40% which implies that 4 out of 10 years there would be an adverse impact on the crop production. There is need to develop appropriate strategies to deal with such eventualities. Many contingency plans are available at different scales. However, any contingency intervention either technology related (land, water, soil, crop) or institutional and policy based, which are implemented on a real time basis in any crop growing season considered as “Real Time Contingency Plan” is the need of hour to stabilize crop stands, production and income in rainfed regions. Marathwada region comprising of eight districts (Aurangabad, Beed, Hingoli, Jalna, Latur, Nanded, Osmanabad and Parbhani) is traditionally a drought-prone region. The region receives annual rainfall in the range of 500 to 1100 mm and comes under assured rainfall zone (60%), moderately high rainfall zone (20%) and scarcity zone (20%). The soils in the region are deep black and medium black. Major kharif crops of the region are cotton, soybean, pigeon pea, sorghum, green gram black gram, and pearl millet, whereas major rabi rainfed crops are rabi sorghum, safflower and chickpea. Rainfall is the key Resilience through land and water management interventions, water management and governance 21 | Page
International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad variable influencing crop productivity in rainfed farming. Intermittent and prolonged drought are the major cause of yield reduction in most of the crops. Based on the farmers need, technical interventions were taken up under NICRA (National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture) action research project through preparedness and real time contingency measures. Methodology In-situ moisture conservation through conservation furrow in sole soybean and soybean + pigeonpea (4:2): Before introduction of this project, the farmers were cultivating sole soybean crop on flat bed without opening of conservation furrow. However yield reductions were observed due to moisture stress during dryspells . Under improved practice, opening of conservation furrow after every 4 rows in sole soybean and soybean + pigeon pea (4:2) intercropping after 30 to 35 days of sowing was adopted as a strategy for moisture conservation on farmers field during 2011-2015. Soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) intercropping system: Traditionally, farmers were cultivating soybean crop as sole crop which is very sensitive to moisture stress as well as excess moisture. The drastic yield reductions were observed due to dryspells. Under such circumstances soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) intercropping system was introduced and adopted on farmers field during 2011- 2015. In-situ moisture conservation through broad bed & furrow (BBF) in soybean: Performance of BBF technique for sowing of soybean on farmers field was evaluated during 2014-15 to 2016-17. Results Adoption of conservation furrow technique: The effect of in-situ moisture conservation practice like conservation furrow in sole soybean on crop productivity (yield), net monetary returns, BC ratio and RWUE was analyzed. Effect of conservation furrow on crop productivity, NMR, BC ratio and RWUE Intervention/Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Mean Yield (kg/ha) Conservation furrow in Soybean 1850 2620 1750 668 632 1504 No furrow 1424 2146 1506 446 487 1202 Net returns (kg/ha) Conservation furrow in Soybean 21017 30723 41250 10844 3024 22571 No furrow 16177 21546 32710 7240 5374 18609 B:C ratio Conservation furrow in Soybean 1.52 2.53 3.06 2.02 1.61 2.14 22 | Page Resilience through land and water management interventions, water management and governance
Page 1 and 2: Extended Summaries 22-24 December,
Page 3 and 4: Citation Rama Rao, C.A., Srinivasa
Page 5 and 6: Resilience through land and water m
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Resource conservation and rainfed a
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