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International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad Reference Sebastin, L., Gowri, S. and Prakash, J. 2005. Quality characteristics of finger millet – incorporated Chakli – An Indian Deep-fried product. J. Food Proc. Preserv. 29(5-6): 319-330. T2a-07R-1054 Real-time Contingency Planning and Preparedness to Cope with Weather Aberrations in Agriculture: Experiences from NICRA S.B. Patil 1* , M.S. Shirahatti 1 , R.A. Nandagavi 1 , B.H. Kumara 1 , U.M. Momin 1 , H.S. Patil 1 and G. Ravindrachary 2 1 AICRP for Dryland Agriculture, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Vijayapura 586 101, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka; 2 AICRP for Dryland Agriculture, ICAR- CRIDA, Hyderabad 500059, Telangana *patilsb13617@uasd.in Weather aberrations make rainfed agriculture highly vulnerable, risk-prone and often unprofitable, impacting the livelihoods of smallholders. A range of dryland technologies are needed to deal droughts before they occur or when they are in progress. Several national initiatives were launched in India for climate change research, and significant among them is National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) by the ICAR. Strategic and anticipated research to understand the significant role of climate variability on rainfed agriculture is being pursued at a greater depth. There is an immediate need to demonstrate appropriate contingent measures to make rainfed agriculture resilient, economically viable and environmentally sustainable. The real-time contingency interventions included crops, varieties, rainwater conservation, efficient utilization, and various crop management practices. Any contingency measure, either technology-related (land, soil, water, crop) or institutional and policy-based, which is implemented based on real-time weather patterns (including extreme events) in any crop growing season, is considered as Real Time Contingency Planning (RTCP). Timely and effective RTCP implementation during the delayed onset of monsoon, seasonal droughts and floods resulted in better crop performance, higher agricultural production, better incomes and overall stability in household livelihoods (Srinivasa Rao et al., 2013). The RTCP at Vijayapura center was implemented with twopronged approaches, i.e., preparedness and real-time contingency measures. The experiences of AICRPDA-Vijayapura on the RTCP implemented in NICRA villages are highlighted. Methodology Vijayapura is in the Karnataka plateau (AESR3), and the climate is hot arid. The average annual rainfall is 594 mm, with a potential evaporation of 622 mm. The length of the growing 256 | Page Climate resilient agriculture for risk mitigation
International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad period is 90-120 days. Drought is common and occurs once in five years. The soils are shallow to deep loamy and clayey, mixed red and black soils. The dominant rainfed crops during kharif are pigeonpea and green gram, rabi crops are sorghum and chickpea. The NICRA sites are located at the Kavalagi and Honnutagi villages of Vijayapura district. The interventions on various dryland technologies have been implemented in the NICRA village from 2011-12. Since the project's inception at the AICRPDA-Vijayapura center, different weather aberrations like the delayed onset of monsoon, mid-season drought, terminal drought and extreme events like untimely excess rainfall events were experienced in NICRA villages. To overcome these situations and reduce crop losses, various RTCPs and preparedness were implemented, including crops and varieties change, soil, rainwater conservation and utilization, and different agronomic practices were demonstrated in a contiguous area in the village. In selecting the beneficiaries, the farmers most vulnerable to climatic variability, and the smallholders were given priority. It was also ensured that each demonstration had a control plot for all the implemented interventions to assess the impact of interventions in a short period. The details of RTCP implemented during various weather aberrations are presented in Table. RTCP for various weather aberrations implemented in NICRA villages Weather aberrations Delayed onset of monsoon Early season drought Mid-season drought Terminal drought Interventions Change of crop/variety depends on the farming situation, soil, rainfall and cropping pattern Resowing, thinning, removal of alternate row, weeding, inter cultivation and opening of conservation furrow Repeated inter cultivation, KNO 3 @ 0.5% spray, supplemental irrigation Harvest pearl millet for fodder, protective irrigation, prepare for rabi crops Results The real-time contingency measures were implemented in the selected villages to cope with various weather aberrations and enhance yield at the field level. NICRA villages have experienced the delayed onset of monsoon some years since its inception. Under this situation, we implemented the RTCPs, like changing crops and varieties. In 2021-22, the onset of the monsoon was normal. The improved varieties of green gram (BGS-9 and DGGV-7) and pigeonpea variety (TS-3R) were introduced in farmers' fields, replacing local varieties. The improved pigeonpea variety TS-3R recorded 24.99% increase, and green gram varieties DGGV-7 and BGS-9 noticed an increase of 31.73 and 24.19%, respectively, higher yield than the local variety and also recorded maximum RWUE, net returns, and B:C ratio. In an early-season drought situation, interventions like thinning, weeding, inter cultivation, and opening of conservation furrows were implemented in the various crops. There was an average yield increase of 16.20% in pigeonpea, 19.97% in green gram, 15.31% in chickpea, Climate resilient agriculture for risk mitigation 257 | Page
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Extended Summaries 22-24 December,
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Citation Rama Rao, C.A., Srinivasa
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Resilience through land and water m
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International Conference on Reimagi
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Theme- 2 Ecosystem based approaches
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Resource conservation and rainfed a
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