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International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad system typologies of the area (rainfed lowland, rainfed medium land, irrigated lowland, irrigated medium land and irrigated upland),. Five different packages of climate resilient technologies like mangrove barrier, land shaping, land embankment cultivation, broad bed cum trench system, flood and salinity tolerant crop varieties, animal health management, alternate livelihood options (backyard poultry, Asian catfish hatchery, ornamental bird), community seedbed, custom hiring centre, etc., were demonstrated (Table).. In each typology the data of demonstration plots were compared with the farmers plot following traditional farming practices from 2019-21. Results All interventions under different farming system typologies resulted in significant increase in net income over the traditional system. The rainfed medium land situation with crop + livestock farming system showed highest response (409% increase in net income). Even during cyclonic disturbances (Fani and Bulbul in 2019, Amphan in 2020 and Yaas in 2021) the village sustained farming activities as the river embankment was intact due to the mangrove barrier created during the project period. Lowland situation is most vulnerable to prolonged submergence during cyclones and intensive rainfall. Community based activities like mangrove restoration and rejuvenation of drainage canals were found to be important to provide climate resilience in the project village. Modification of land topography (through land embankment cultivation and broad bed cum furrow system) in this situation are important to increase crop diversity. Alternate livelihood support (through catfish hatchery & backyard poultry) also increased the overall farm income. The medium and upland situation is most vulnerable to dry spells in monsoon and acute irrigation scarcity during winter and summer. Rainwater harvesting through land shaping and desiltation of existing ponds assured irrigation. Modification of land topography (land shaping) was found to be important to increase cropping intensity. Availability of fresh pond water throughout the year helped to perform fishery and improve the overall net income. Dependence on mono-cropping increases vulnerability during a climatic hazard. Diversification in farming through effective integration of crop, livestock and fish helped the farmers to get assured income. Income from different climate resilient technology packages (average of 2019 to 2021) 248 | Page Climate resilient agriculture for risk mitigation
International Conference on Reimagining Rainfed Agro-ecosystems: Challenges & Opportunities during 22-24, December 2022 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad Existing Farming System Typologies Interventions based on farming system typology Rainfed lowland (crop + livestock) Farmers Practice Rice + greengram + livestock Predominant and constraints Climate resilient technology packages demonstrated climatic resource Land development Croplivestock-fish Others Conclusion Saline water intrusion, submergence, low crop & animal productivity, excess soil moisture delays crop sowing in Rabi season Land embankment cultivation, broad bed cum trench system SUDHA method of Rice Paddy cum fish Short duration greengram Backyard poultry Asian catfish hatchery with rooftop rainwater harvesting Rainfed medium land (crop + livestock) Rice + lathyrus + livestock Saline water intrusion, submergence, low productivity of crops & animals Land shaping Submergence and salt tolerant, HYV Rice + vegetables Backyard poultry Asian catfish hatchery with rooftop rainwater harvesting Irrigated lowland (crop + livestock) Rice + greengram + livestock Saline water intrusion, submergence, low crop & animal productivity of, excess soil moisture delays crop sowing in Rabi season Land embankment cultivation SUDHA method of Rice Paddy cum fish Short duration greengram Sprinkler irrigation Backyard poultry Asian catfish hatchery Irrigated medium land (crop + fish + livestock) Rice + vegetable + fish + livestock Submergence, soil salinity in winter and summer, ponds silted up, low fish productivity, poor farm mechanization Desiltation, embankment cultivation land Submergence and salt tolerant, HYV Rice + vegetables Sprinkler irrigation Mixed fish culture Green fodder Irrigated upland (crop + fish + livestock) Rice + vegetable + fish + livestock Ponds silted up, soil salinity in winter and summer, lack of green fodder, fish productivity low, poor farm mechanization Desiltation farm pond of Improved varieties INM and IPM, mulching, Sprinkler irrigation Mixed fish culture Green fodder Restoration of Mangrove nursery, Rejuvenation of drainage canal, Custom hiring centre, Animal health camp, Community seedbed Sundarban has a complex farming system typology. Specific packages of climate resilient technologies are required to address the specific problems. Improvement of drainage, rainwater harvesting, stress tolerant varieties and farm based alternate livelihood opportunities helped to improve climate resilience. Climate resilient agriculture for risk mitigation 249 | Page
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Extended Summaries 22-24 December,
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Citation Rama Rao, C.A., Srinivasa
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Resilience through land and water m
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International Conference on Reimagi
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Theme- 2 Ecosystem based approaches
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Resource conservation and rainfed a
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