2022 Year in Review

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Let us take a look at the Ethiopian-Eritrean War, alsoknown as the Badme War, which occurred between1998 - 2000. This war was as a result of a borderdispute between both countries after Eritrea gainedindependence from Ethiopia. Lacking an amicablesolution - these nations have been impacted by theinvolvement of militias, separatists and bandits -issues which still persist today.The war resulted from a misunderstanding amongclans, coupled with power competition in an archaicstate following dictator Siad Barre being overthrownin 1991. With no stable government in control of thecountry, warlords competed for power and control.Between 1998-2006, there existed a number of selfacclaimedautonomous states within Somalia.Today the Somali government is still working touproot the existence of malicious sects, especiallyAl-Shabab who occupy regions of Somalia. InNovember this year, the capital Mogadishuexperienced two car bombing attacks that killed atleast 100 people and wounded 300. The currentstate of Somalia prompts doubts peace and securitycan be established in the near future.P H O T O : A F PP A G E 1 5 8There is also an ongoing civil war in the CAR - witharmed conflict between the government and rebelsfrom Muslim group, Seleka Coalition, and Christiangroup, Anti-balaka militias. The Seleka rebelsaccused the government, led by President FrancoisBozize, of a broken peace agreement signed in2007. The rebels eventually seized power promptingBozize to flee the country and be replaced by the
self-declared President and Seleka rebel leader,Michel Djotodia. In protest, Anti-balaka retaliated,leading to a religious-motivated conflict whichforced Djotodia to resign and disband the SelekaCoalition. Despite this, members of the formerSeleka Coalition mounted counterattacks - killingand displacing thousands of citizens. Today thecountry remains embroiled in chaos and ongoingviolence.In December 2013, following the removal of VicePresident, Riek Machar, violence erupted betweenpresidential soldiers from South Sudan’s two largestethnic groups. Soldiers from the Dinka ethnic groupaligned with President of South Sudan, Salva KiirMayardit, and those from the Nuer ethnic groupsupported Machar. In the midst of evolving violence,Kiir accused Machar of attempting a coup -prompting violence to spread to Jonglei, upper Nile,and Unity states. During the conflict, armed groupstargeted civilians on ethnic grounds committing:rape and sexual violence, the destruction ofproperty and looting of villages, and recruitment ofchild soldiers. Despite a peace agreement beingsigned in 2018 - the country remains highly volatilewith fears South Sudan is on the brink of furthercivil war.P H O T O : A H M E DM U S T A F A / G E T T Y I M A G E S )P A G E 1 5 9
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Y E A R I N R E V I E WI S S U E N
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While the events of 2022 are testin
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1CONTENTSTHE END OF PUTIN? EXPLORIN
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8 4LEGALISATION OF MARIJUANA IN THA
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P H O T O B Y E V O N U N S P L A S
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Russia's second invasion into Ukrai
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For the Russians, this is an existe
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P H O T O : K L A U S W R I G H T /
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P H O T O : J O S H C H R I S T E N
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A 2003 report from the Guttmacher I
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P A G E 1 2Calvin Lu and Patrick He
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Common ProsperityThe concept of ‘
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Wang HuningWang Huning’s promotio
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P A G E 1 8P H O T O : M A R K U S
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Korea are women — one of thehighe
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P A G E 2 3P H O T O : T E D D Y O
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shied away from angering China by s
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P A G E 2 7
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ABE’S FAMILY INFLUENCETwo synonym
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P H O T O : K Y O D A / A P I M A G
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YDS TeamP A G E 3 3
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led calls for an investigation into
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B O O K R E V I E WT I D E S T H A
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W H A T I S T H E F I R S TN A T I
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HOW DID THE VOICE COME ABOUT?The Vo
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With the victory of the Australian
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P A G E 4 6P H O T O : I R E N E S
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Russia’s illegal invasion of Ukra
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"FOR BISHKEK AND TASHKENT,THE CKU E
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The CKU’s touted benefits have be
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Lacking the capacity to self-financ
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T H E R E N E W E DD I P L O M A T
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Azerbaijan, which received substant
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SRI LANKA'SECONOMICCRISISP H O T O
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China’s investment in Sri Lanka d
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P A G E 6 4P H O T O : Z A C H A R
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BALI G20 EASES WORLDTENSIONS AS IND
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But the unanimous condemnation of t
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MYANMAR IN2022P H O T O : G A Y A T
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SANCTIONS AND CHINA IMPLICATIONSThe
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AUSTRALIA'S RESPONSEAs mentioned by
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P H O T O : P A N G X I N G L E I /
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2Secondly,some of the areas through
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should make an effort to effectivel
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BBM continuously reframed historica
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Neha DaymaCannabis sativa, usually
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The reasons behind legalisation can
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Bella Baker and Shantelle O'Riordan
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INFRASTRUCTURE BILL - THEINFRUSTRUC
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BIDEN'S SHORTCOMINGSSOARING INFLATI
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P H O T O B Y A N N W A N G / R E U
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The possibility of the Americans le
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Britain; a move that is not expecte
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P A G E 1 0 0Shajara KhanP H O T O
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and Quebec were officially proclaim
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THE PATH FORWARDAs it stands, recon
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Samuel NgLeaping from crisis to cri
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Page 124 and 125: Diane Maria LangelohGERMANY'S INTER
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Page 128 and 129: Evangelia WichmannP A G E 1 2 0P H
Page 130 and 131: FIRES IN THE AMAZONThis blatant ign
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Page 134 and 135: The Enduring Influence of Peronism:
Page 136 and 137: and political sovereignty. Since th
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Page 140 and 141: IIngrid Escamilla, a 25-year-old, w
Page 142 and 143: Any legal recognition of femicide i
Page 144 and 145: OUT WITH THE OLD, IN WITH THENEW: A
Page 146 and 147: However, an LNG supply deal struck
Page 148 and 149: spaces, the complete shutdown of li
Page 150 and 151: PHOTO: PATRICK BAZ / AFPLEBANON IN
Page 152 and 153: The first hit came from the Global
Page 154 and 155: W H A T W E R E T H E C I R C U M S
Page 156 and 157: T H E C H A L L E N G E O FD E M O
Page 158 and 159: A C O N T R O V E R S I A L R I G H
Page 160 and 161: HUMAN INSECURITY IN TALIBAN-RULEDAF
Page 162 and 163: WOMEN'S RIGHTSAlthough child marria
Page 164 and 165: P A G E 1 5 6P H O T O : A L E X A
Page 168 and 169: History plays a vital role in a cou
Page 170 and 171: P A G E 1 6 2PHOTO: CHINA MERCHANTS
Page 172 and 173: In 2015, Chinese leader Xi Jinping
Page 174 and 175: In Tanzania and Kenya, StarTimes ha
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Page 178 and 179: The role of the US and the EU in pr
Page 180 and 181: Isha DesaiP A G E 1 7 2PHOTO: BADA
Page 182 and 183: SUDANPHOTO: THE INDEPENDENTDemocrac
Page 184: STABILITY IN THE REGIONThe union’
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2022 Year in Review

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