Music - MYP 4 and 5 - Samuel Wright - Hodder 2020

What are some of the ways mathematics
has influenced music?
SEE–THINK–WONDER
at the image of the spiral galaxy taken by the
Look
What does it make you ? What does it make
?
? wonder
you
a heading in your portfolio and add your
Create
to these questions as well as your classroom
responses
sets (recurring groupings of natural numbers,
number
rational and real numbers) plus operations, all
integers,
with each other. We spend time learning the
interacting
and order of operations so that we can utilise and
rules
exactly the same. In fact, musicians can give voice to
be
types of different symbols, express emotion through
many
combine sets or groups of sounds and communicate
ratios,
to any audience around the world.
these
‘… Leonardo of Pisa (1202) wrote an arithmetic
Stewart,
the ( ) explaining
text,
numerals 0–9 to a European audience’. This
Hindu–Arabic
included an example from studying the breeding habits
text
rabbits. He was later nicknamed Fibonacci, as was his
of
set of 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, and so on. Notice
number
pattern of adding the first two numbers to get the next
the
the sequence? 1+1=2, 1+2=3, and so on. This led to even
in
discoveries of the same occurrence in nature, from
further
to shells and the Milky Way.
cones
(such as Da Vinci) have used it for painting human
Artists
and architects have used it for aligning proportions
subjects,
including Bach, Schubert, Bartok and Debussy
Composers
used it to structure their works. Bach’s first book of
have
contains 15 pieces in carefully arranged musical
inventions
Observe how Bach set about organising the pieces
keys.
pieces divided by 1.62 gives us the middle work in
Fifteen
palindrome, of A major.
the
Hubble Telescope in 2018 in Figure 1.11. What do you
see
think
Figure 1.12.
using
performance
IS THE GOLDEN RATIO?
WHAT
is an amazing language of symbols, ratios,
Mathematics
Figure 1.13 Incredible Numbers by Prof. Ian Stewart
■
engage with this language called
Music can
mathematics .
the (≈ 1.62) and as a .
Golden Ratio
palindrome
with
by Professor Ian
According to the book
Incredible Numbers
Piece and key
Meter
1 C major 4/4
Liber A bbaci Book of Calculation
2 d minor 3/8
3 e minor 4/4
4 F major 3/4
5 G major 9/8
6 a minor 4/4
7 b minor 4/4
8 B-flat major 4/4
9 A major = Golden Ratio 12/8
10 g minor 4/4
11 f minor 3/4
12 E major 3/8
(such as in ancient Greek monuments).
13 E-flat major 4/4
14 D major 3/8
15 c minor 4/4
Figure 1.14 Patterns in Bach’s first book of Inventions
■
forwards and backwards
read
1 Is music more than a formula? 9