The Communications of the TEX Users Group Volume 29 ... - TUG

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Jean-Michel Hufflen they are neither extensible, nor easy to use, because we have to make precise a predefined backend. For example, if jade is used to process the complete stylesheet given in Figures 11 & 12, the possible backends are tex (resp.rtf), in which case the result is to be processed by JadeTEX (resp. Microsoft Word or OpenOffice). Deriving texts directly processable by L ATEX or ConTEXt is impossible. 5 The application to MlBibTEX When we designed MlBibTEX’s present version, we had had much experience in programming DSSSL and XSLT stylesheets. We thought that a language close to DSSSL would provide more expressive power for developing, but would be accessible only for programmers. A language close to XSLT is better from this point of view, provided that an extension mechanism is given for operations related to pure programming, e.g., the definition of new relation orders [24]. In addition, performing some operations may be more difficult than in bst, e.g., the add.period$ functionality. The only solution is to provide an initial library legible from a point of view related to methodology [19]. A compatibility mode is needed in order to ease the transition between old and new bibliography styles [20] — Figure 13 shows how the if$ function is implemented within this mode, in comparison with the implementation of cl-bibtex, given in Figure 7. This progressively led us to the architecture described in [22]. We can be objective about MlBibTEX only with difficulty. However, several points seem to us to confirm our choices. First, XSLT has succeeded as a language able to deal with XML texts, much more so than DSSSL with SGML texts. Second, the need for a classical programming language: using the whole expressive power of Scheme — and not a subset as in DSSSL—allowed us to program efficiently, by using advanced features of Scheme. Third, our experience with ConTEXt [21] seems to confirm the extendability of our tool. 6 Conclusion Table 1 summarises our experience with the languages we have described above. Of course, this synthesis is not as objective as benchmarks would have been. It is just a study of the effort we have made for developing bibliography styles, and a professional view of the results we have found. To end, let us make a last remark about what is done in MlBibTEX: the separation of functionalities related to programming, written in Scheme, and specifications of layout, given in an XSLT-like BibTEX XSLT DSSSL Bibulus Correctness ✔ Robustness ✔ ✔ ✔ Extendability ✘ ✔ ✘ ✔/✘ Reusability ✔/✘ Modularity poor ✔ ✔ ✔ Continuity average ✔ a ✔ ✔ Efficiency ✔ ✔ Ease of use ✔ average ✘ ✘ a ... except for multilingual features, in XSLT 1.0. Table 1: Languages for bibliography styles: synthesis. language. Analogous combinations exist, the most widely used are a logic programming language, like Prolog, 22 called within a C (or similar) program. This modus operandi allows programmers to use a very specialised language only when it is suitable. There is an analogous example within TEX’s world: LuaTEX. Functionalities related to typesetting are performed by commands built into TEX, whereas other functions are implemented by means of the Lua language [26]. So TEX is used as the wonderful typesetting engine that it is, and functionalities difficult to implement with TEX’s language 23 are delegated to a more traditional programming language. BibTEX is still a powerful bibliography processor, but the main way to extend it easily concerns the layout of the bibliographies. That was sufficient some years ago, but not now with the use of Unicode, new processors like XE TEX, and new languages like HTML. 7 Acknowledgements I have been able to write this article because I have had much occasion to become familiar with the languages and applications mentioned above. For example, some years ago, a colleague asked me to help him with a DSSSL program because I knew Scheme: that was my first contact with this language and SGML, before XML came out. Another time, a friend who used Plain TEX asked me a question about Tib, although I had merely heard of the name of this program, and I discovered it in this way. So I was thinking about all these people when I was writing this article, and I am grateful to them. Many thanks to Karl Berry: as usual, he is a conscientious proofreader and ‘figure-positioner’. 22 A good introductory book to this language is [7]. 23 Some examples can be found in [45]. 410 TUGboat, Volume 29 (2008), No. 3—Proceedings of the 2008 Annual Meeting
References [1] James C. Alexander: Tib: a TEX Bibliographic Preprocessor. Version 2.2, see CTAN:biblio/tib/tibdoc.tex. 1989. [2] ANSI: The Programming Language Ada ® Reference Manual. Technical Report ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A-1983, American National Standard Institute, Inc. LNCS No. 155, Springer-Verlag. 1983. [3] Neil Bradley: The Concise SGML Companion. Addison-Wesley. 1997. [4] Sean M. Burke: RTF Pocket Guide. O’Reilly. July 2003. [5] Judith Butcher: Copy-Editing. The Cambridge Handbook for Editors, Authors, Publishers. 3rd edition. Cambridge University Press. 1992. [6] The Chicago Manual of Style. The University of Chicago Press. The 14th edition of a manual of style revised and expanded. 1993. [7] William F. Clocksin and Christopher S. Mellish: Programming in Prolog. 5th edition. Springer-Verlag. 2003. [8] Michael Downes: “The amsrefs L ATEX Package and the amsxport BibTEX Style”. TUGboat, Vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 201–209. September 2000. [9] Jean-Christophe Filliâtre and Claude Marché: The BIBTEX2HTML Home Page. June 2006. http://www.lri.fr/~filliatr/ bibtex2html/. [10] Michel Goossens and Sebastian Rahtz, with Eitan M. Gurari, Ross Moore, and Robert S. Sutor: The L ATEX Web Companion. Addison-Wesley Longmann, Inc., Reading, Massachusetts. May 1999. [11] Paul Graham: ANSI Common Lisp. Series in Artificial Intelligence. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 1996. [12] Vidar Bronken Gundersen and Zeger W. Hendrikse: BIBTEX as XML Markup. January 2007. http: //bibtexml.sourceforge.net. [13] Hans Hagen: ConTEXt, the Manual. November 2001. http://www.pragma-ade. com/general/manuals/cont-enp.pdf. [14] Hans Hagen: “LuaTEX: Howling to the Moon”. Biuletyn Polskiej Grupy Użytkowników Systemu TEX, Vol. 23, pp. 63–68. April 2006. [15] Harald Harders: „Mehrsprachige Literaturverzeichnisse: Anwendung und Erweiterung des Pakets babelbib“. Die Languages for bibliography styles TEXnische Komödie, Bd. 4/2003, S. 39–63. November 2003. [16] Hart’s Rules for Composers and Readers at the University Press. Oxford University Press. 39th edition. 1999. [17] Taco Hoekwater: “The Bibliographic Module for ConTEXt”. In: EuroTEX 2001, pp. 61–73. Kerkrade (the Netherlands). September 2001. [18] Jean-Michel Hufflen: “MlBibTEX’s Version 1.3”. TUGboat, Vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 249–262. July 2003. [19] Jean-Michel Hufflen: “Bibliography Styles Easier with MlBibTEX”. In: Proc. EuroTEX 2005, pp. 179–192. Pont-à Mousson, France. March 2005. [20] Jean-Michel Hufflen: “BibTEX, MlBibTEX and Bibliography Styles”. Biuletyn GUST, Vol. 23, pp. 76–80. In BachoTEX 2006 conference. April 2006. [21] Jean-Michel Hufflen: “MlBibTEX Meets ConTEXt”. TUGboat, Vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 76–82. EuroTEX 2006 proceedings, Debrecen, Hungary. July 2006. [22] Jean-Michel Hufflen: “MlBibTEX Architecture”. ArsTEXnica, Vol. 2, pp. 54–59. In GUIT 2006 meeting. October 2006. [23] Jean-Michel Hufflen: “Names in BibTEX and MlBibTEX”. TUGboat, Vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 243–253. TUG 2006 proceedings, Marrakesh, Morocco. November 2006. [24] Jean-Michel Hufflen: “Managing Order Relations in MlBibTEX”. TUGboat, Vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 101–108. EuroBachoTEX 2007 proceedings. 2007. [25] IBM System 360: PL/1 Reference Manual. March 1968. [26] Roberto Ierusalimschy: Programming in Lua. 2nd edition. Lua.org. March 2006. [27] International Standard ISO/IEC 10179:1996(E): DSSSL. 1996. [28] Java Technology. March 2008. http://java.sun.com. [29] Richard Kelsey, William D. Clinger, Jonathan A. Rees, Harold Abelson, Norman I. Adams iv, David H. Bartley, Gary Brooks, R. Kent Dybvig, Daniel P. Friedman, Robert Halstead, Chris Hanson, Christopher T. Haynes, Eugene Edmund Kohlbecker, Jr, Donald Oxley, Kent M. Pitman, Guillermo J. Rozas, Guy Lewis Steele, Jr, Gerald Jay TUGboat, Volume 29 (2008), No. 3—Proceedings of the 2008 Annual Meeting 411
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The Communications of the TEX Users
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TUG2008 Proceedings University Coll
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TUG 2008—program Monday, July 21
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At the reception. Around the front
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Taco Hoekwater, inside the Beamish
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Another, equally large, disadvantag
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y finite state transducers (FSTs).
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local p = hpack(copy(h.list)) lastl
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with PDF documents. Several new tec
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Advanced features for publishing ma
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— — — — — — — — Fig
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telegraph. The relatively recent di
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1: [ type: unichar, code: 0073 ] ]
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5 Conclusions The model introduced
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4 Why TEX files and not other marku
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The galley Module or: How I Learned
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488 TUGboat, Volume 29 (2008), No.
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