Automotive Electrical and Electronic Systems Classroom Manual Fifth Edition Update by John F. Kershaw
www.TechnicalBooksPDF.comElectrical Fundamentals 49SUMMARYA conductor is a metallic element that containsfewer than four electrons in its outer shell. Aninsulator is a non-metallic substance that containsmore than four electrons in the outer shell.Semiconductors are a group of materials thatcannot be classified either as conductors orinsulators; they have exactly four electrons in theirouter shell. Current flow is measured by the numberof free electrons passing a given point in anelectrical circuit per second. Electrical pressure orcharge differential is measured in volts, resistancein ohms and current in amperes. If a hydraulic circuitanalogy is used to describe an electrical circuit,voltage is equivalent to fluid pressure,current to the flow in gpm, and resistance to flowrestriction.Capacitors are used to store electrons: this consistsof conductor plates separated by a dielectric.Capacitance is measured in farads: capacitors arerated by voltage and by capacitance.
www.TechnicalBooksPDF.com50 Chapter ThreeReview Questions1. Which of the following methods cancalculate circuit current?a. Multiplying amps times ohmsb. Dividing ohms by voltsc. Dividing volts by ohmsd. Multiplying volts times watts2. Which of the following methods cancalculate circuit resistance?a. Dividing amps into voltsb. Dividing volts into ampsc. Multiplying volts times ampsd. Multiplying amps times ohms3. Which of the following causes voltage dropin a circuit?a. Increase in wire sizeb. Increase in resistancec. Increase in insulationd. Decrease in current4. Which of the following describes a functionof a capacitor in an electrical circuit?a. Timing deviceb. Rectificationc. DC-to-AC conversiond. Inductance5. Which of the following is a measure ofelectrical current?a. Amperesb. Ohmsc. Voltaged. Watts6. A material with many free electrons is agooda. Compoundb. Conductorc. Insulatord. Semiconductor7. A material with four electrons in the valencering is which of these:a. Compoundb. Insulatorc. Semiconductord. Conductor8. The conventional theory of current flow saysthat current flowsa. Randomlyb. Positive to negativec. Negative to positived. At 60 cycles per second9. Voltage is which of these items:a. Applied to a circuitb. Flowing in a circuitc. Built into a circuitd. Flowing out of a circuit10. The unit that represents resistance tocurrent flow is which of these items:a. Ampereb. Voltc. Ohmd. Watt11. In automotive systems, voltage is suppliedby which of these components:a. Alternatorb. ECMc. DC Generatord. Voltage Regulator12. Which of the following characteristic doesnot affect resistance?a. Diameter of the conductorb. Temperature of the conductorc. Atomic structure of the conductord. Direction of current flow in the conductor13. The resistance in a longer piece of wire iswhich of these:a. Higherb. Lowerc. Unchangedd. Higher, then lower14. According to Ohm’s Law, when one voltpushes one ampere of current through aconductor, the resistance is:a. Zerob. One ohmc. One wattd. One coulomb15. The sum of the voltage drops in a circuitequals which of these:a. Amperageb. Resistancec. Source voltaged. Shunt circuit voltage16. Which of the following is a measure ofelectrical pressure?a. Amperesb. Ohmsc. Voltaged. Watts
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50 Chapter Three
Review Questions
1. Which of the following methods can
calculate circuit current?
a. Multiplying amps times ohms
b. Dividing ohms by volts
c. Dividing volts by ohms
d. Multiplying volts times watts
2. Which of the following methods can
calculate circuit resistance?
a. Dividing amps into volts
b. Dividing volts into amps
c. Multiplying volts times amps
d. Multiplying amps times ohms
3. Which of the following causes voltage drop
in a circuit?
a. Increase in wire size
b. Increase in resistance
c. Increase in insulation
d. Decrease in current
4. Which of the following describes a function
of a capacitor in an electrical circuit?
a. Timing device
b. Rectification
c. DC-to-AC conversion
d. Inductance
5. Which of the following is a measure of
electrical current?
a. Amperes
b. Ohms
c. Voltage
d. Watts
6. A material with many free electrons is a
good
a. Compound
b. Conductor
c. Insulator
d. Semiconductor
7. A material with four electrons in the valence
ring is which of these:
a. Compound
b. Insulator
c. Semiconductor
d. Conductor
8. The conventional theory of current flow says
that current flows
a. Randomly
b. Positive to negative
c. Negative to positive
d. At 60 cycles per second
9. Voltage is which of these items:
a. Applied to a circuit
b. Flowing in a circuit
c. Built into a circuit
d. Flowing out of a circuit
10. The unit that represents resistance to
current flow is which of these items:
a. Ampere
b. Volt
c. Ohm
d. Watt
11. In automotive systems, voltage is supplied
by which of these components:
a. Alternator
b. ECM
c. DC Generator
d. Voltage Regulator
12. Which of the following characteristic does
not affect resistance?
a. Diameter of the conductor
b. Temperature of the conductor
c. Atomic structure of the conductor
d. Direction of current flow in the conductor
13. The resistance in a longer piece of wire is
which of these:
a. Higher
b. Lower
c. Unchanged
d. Higher, then lower
14. According to Ohm’s Law, when one volt
pushes one ampere of current through a
conductor, the resistance is:
a. Zero
b. One ohm
c. One watt
d. One coulomb
15. The sum of the voltage drops in a circuit
equals which of these:
a. Amperage
b. Resistance
c. Source voltage
d. Shunt circuit voltage
16. Which of the following is a measure of
electrical pressure?
a. Amperes
b. Ohms
c. Voltage
d. Watts
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