A History of Central Eastern Europe

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some to be the origin of Ungaria and Hungary. The Magyars, were a 3 rd tribe on the TuranianPlain; they split into two main groups: the western or White Magyar, and the northern or BlackMagyar. The western or White Magyars followed their Ural-Altaic predecessors and arrived inthe basin around 675 C.E. The Avars battled the Frankish armies led by CHARLEMAGNE for 7years before being finally defeated in 803 bring the 1 st wave of Ural-Altaic influx to aconclusion.THE AD VENT OF THE MAGYARThe 2 nd wave of Ural-Altaicinflux began in 896 C.E. when 7 tribesarrived in the Carpathian Basin undertheir elected leader ÁRPÁD (c 845 –907). ÁRPÁD, the second GRANDPRINCE OF THE MAGYARS (hisgrandfather ÁLMOS had been the first)was the elected leader of the Magyar,Nyék, Kari, Kasi, Tarján-Tarxán, Kurt-Gyarmat and Jenü tribes. Somehistorians believe that ÁRPÁD’S Magyartribe was the northern or BlackMagyars while others maintain theywere a distinct 3 rd Magyar group thathad to be later conquered by theMagyar federation led by ÁRPÁD.They found scattered ethnic groups governed by various rulers. Between the Danubeand the Tisza, PRINCE ZALÁN reigned over southern Slavs and Bulgarians. In the East, PRINCEMARÓT from Khazar ruled over the Moravians, while in Transylvania, PRINCE GYELO governedscattered tribes. Pannonia, on the right bank of the Danube, was under Frankish influence, and onthe left bank SZVATOPLUK II exercised power over the western Slavs in a sparsely settled area. Injust 4 years, ÁRPÁD must have taken control of the entire area as in the year 900 tribal leaderswere summoned to Pusztaszer, now in southern Hungary, to complete the work of distributingthe conquered lands and to lay the foundations of a constitutional government which has stoodfor ten centuries.Magyar KirályságThe ÁRPÁD line continued to govern as elected princes until the end of the 1 st millennia.ÁRPÁD’S great-great-grandson, the 7 th GRAND PRINCE, ISTVÁN (c 970 – 1038) was sent a crownby POPE SYLVESTER II (c946 – 1003), with the consent of OTTO III (980 – 23 January 1002) ,HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR, and ISTVÁN becomes STEPHEN I, KING OF HUNGARY. ISTVÁN wascanonized by POPE GREGORY VII (1028 – 1085) in 1083.The start of the second millennia witnessed the birth of the MAGYAR KIRÁLYSÁG(KINGDOM OF HUNGARY) that existed just 82 years short of the entire second millennia – lastinguntil 1918. It was named the Latin Regnum Ungariae or Hungariae until the 1840s when thearrival of the Germanic HABSBURGS heralded the start of 2-plus decades of the GermanKönigreich Ungarn before the last official, and only Hungarian, name of Magyar Királyság.During the 12 th and 13 th centuries a rapid German colonization of the upper Hungarianand Polish borderlands was done at the requests of local oligarchs who needed the industrial6
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Page 1 and 2: 2010©
Page 3 and 4: IndexCARPATHIAN BASIN - GENERAL HIS
Page 5 and 6: The borders of the countriesdiscuss
Page 7 and 8: ZEMPLÉN, HUNGARY (JOINT) SPIŠ, SL
Page 9 and 10: THE HUNNIC PEOPLEThe only reason to
Page 11: At the time that ISTVÁN was crowne
Page 15 and 16: als at,his,asthetnicity ortake a le
Page 17 and 18: The Compromise of 1867 established
Page 19 and 20: Who counts and who Counts: the diff
Page 21 and 22: THE REINS OF GOVERNMENT - WHO HELD
Page 23 and 24: fungus that causes blight on a wide
Page 25 and 26: HOSSZÚ-LÁZOur grandfather JÓZSEF
Page 27 and 28: feet east of the main road in the r
Page 29 and 30: Located about 12 miles northeast of
Page 31 and 32: (elevation 1,512 ft). This earlier
Page 33 and 34: was NOT satisfied; ISTVÁN forced a
Page 35 and 36: REFORMÁTUS TEMPLOMPetőfi SandorTh
Page 37 and 38: BORTEMPLOMFasor utcaUnique to the t
Page 39 and 40: MAGYAR BAPTIST CHURCH, 917 South Cl
Page 41 and 42: ERZSÉBET KORHÁZ(Elizabeth Hospita
Page 43 and 44: This railroad station wasprobably t
Page 45 and 46: Coat-of-Arms of the Slovenská repu
Page 47 and 48: The Macedonians reached the Adriati
Page 49 and 50: State in 833. The Great Moravian Ki
Page 51 and 52: found in the lower right field of b
Page 53 and 54: ZIPSER STÄDTEBUNDThe ZIPSERBUND or
Page 55 and 56: TÍZLÁNDZSÁSOK (Hungarian) NOBILE
Page 57 and 58: COAT-OF-ARMS OF THE PREŠOVSKÝ KRA
Page 59 and 60: A very smart man decided to include
Page 61 and 62: Slovak DressPopular motifs found in
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German records it is found as both
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Below is a partial list of th e Sai
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possession of the powerful BERZEVIC
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ČERVENÝ KLÁŠTORThe Cartesian or
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SLOVAK SOCIETYSlovakia has historic
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1490), KING OF HUNGARY and ULÁSZL
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The monastery was severely damaged
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Growing up there was the Roman Cath
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EVANJELICKÁ CIRKEV. A second churc
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LYSÁ NAD DUNAJCOMWith a population
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Numbered References1 The Controvers
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A History of Central Eastern Europe

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