Dominican Republic and Haiti: Country Studies

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4 million persons eligible. Despite delays, loud complaints from among the losing parties, some incidents, and various apparent irregularities in voting, the elections held on May 21 were termed "credible" by international and domestic observers and by the Organization of American States (OAS) Election Observation Mission. Although the Lavalas Family, the party of Aristide, apparently gained a substantial election victory at the ballot box, the OAS subsequently discovered a serious error in the method of determining the winners of Senate races as announced by the Provisional Electoral Council. The OAS asked the Council to recalculate the percentage of votes won by all candidates, an action that could force several declared Senate winners to take part in runoff voting. The runoff election was rescheduled for July 9. The Council, with strong support from the presidential palace, refused to accept the OAS recommendations, however, creating an emerging international confrontation. This conflict is only the latest chapter in Haiti's troubled quest for postdictatorial democracy. Conditions are somewhat better in the Dominican Republic, although there, too, political instability has existed. Leonel Fernandez won the 1996 runoff elections, but he has been unsuccessful in implementing many of his programs because of his party's small representation in Congress. In the 1998 elections, following the death ofJose Peha Gomez, his opposition party, the Democratic Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Dominicano—PRD), made sweeping gains. As a result, Congress in 1998 passed a new law abolishing the security of tenure of judges that Fernandez had achieved and making judges subject to reappointment every four years. A poll taken in April 2000 showed that no candidate for the May 2000 presidential elections had the just over 50 percent needed for election (Fernandez was ineligible to run again) . As it developed, with 99 percent of the ballots counted, the Electoral Council announced the evening of May 17 that the opposition PRD candidate, Hipolito Mejia, had received 49.87 percent of the vote. His nearest opponent, Danilo Medina of the governing Dominican Liberation Party, had 24.94 percent of the vote, and seven-time former president Joaquin Balaguer had 24.6 percent. At a press conference on May 18, Medina stated that a June 30 runoff election would cost too much in time, money, and tension and that a continued campaign would hurt the economy. Therefore he "acknowledged the victory of the xxvi
PRD," laying the groundwork for Mejia's inauguration on August 16. The latest round of Hispaniola's elections indicates that while each side of the island has moved away markedly from the strong-man role of the past, the transition to the peaceful, transparent, and capable democratic governance required for much-needed sustained social and economic development will continue to be fraught with problems. June 30, 2000 Helen Chapin Metz xxvii
Page 1: area handbook series Dominican Repu
Page 6 and 7: On the cover: Hispaniola (La Isla E
Page 9: Acknowledgments The authors wish to
Page 12 and 13: Lamar C. Wilson and Patricia Kluck
Page 14 and 15: Mass Media 199 Roman Catholic Churc
Page 16 and 17: Higher Education 354 HEALTH 355 Fer
Page 18 and 19: HAITI'S EXTERNAL AND DOMESTIC SECUR
Page 21 and 22: Preface Like its predecessors, thes
Page 23 and 24: Introduction THE HISTORIES OF THE T
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Dominican Republic and Haiti: Count
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Chapter 2. Dominican Republic: The
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DOMINICAN SOCIETY OF THE late 1990s
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. Dominican Republic: The Society a
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Dominican Republic: The Society and
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View of theDuarte Highway north of
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Ruralfamily in Hato-Nuevo Magueyal,
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— Dominican Republic: The Society
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Farmer preparingjute he has grown C
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Fishing cooperative, San Pedro de M
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Student in a computer class Courtes
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LONG DEPENDENT ON SUGAR, the Domini
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Dominican Republic: The Economy Hai
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Dominican Republic: The Economy The
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— Dominican Republic: The Economy
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Dominican Republic: The Economy The
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Dominican Republic: The Economy als
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Picking cotton Courtesy Inter-Ameri
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Dominican Republic: The Economy niz
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135
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Worker in textile mill Courtesy Int
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Dominican Republic: The Economy Nic
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The Tavera Dam Courtesy Inter-Ameri
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— Dominican Republic: The Economy
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Dominican Republic: The Economy ear
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Unloading lumber, port ofHaina Cour
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Dominican Republic: The Economy ass
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View of the Alcazar de Colon, the h
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s Dominican Republic and Haiti: Cou
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The Torre del Homenaje, Santo Domin
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Topography: Five mountain ranges di
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1990s, Haiti's assembly sector oper
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OPL. In June 1997, Smarth resigned.
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, _ International boundary _ Depart
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Table B. (Continued) Haiti: Chronol
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Figurefrom a painting by Prosper Pi
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IN 1804 HAITI EMERGED FROM thirteen
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Haiti: The Society and Its Environm
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A house-raising Courtesy Inter-Amer
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Boats arrivingfor market day in Res
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primarily as an advocacy and policy
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Classroom, University ofHaiti, Facu
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Figure from a painting by Prosper P
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. . 231,509 Dominican Republic and
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Published Country Studies (Area Han
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Dominican Republic and Haiti: Country Studies

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